Ukuqinisekisa lokhu noma leso sikhala sesakhiwo esinokushisa kutholakala ngokufaka imishini efanelekile. Ngokuya ngohlobo lwesakhiwo, kungaba amadivayisi ahlukene kanye nama-heater. Isibonelo, endlini yangasese, ama-boilers amancane anegesi angenayo asetshenziswa kakhulu, angaba ngaphandle noma udonga. Kwezinye izindlu ngazinye, kuze kube namuhla kukhona izakhiwo ezishisa ezinjalo njengezinto ezivuthayo izinkuni noma izintambo ze-bourguar. Kuyiqiniso, lokhu kwenzeka kakhulu, kepha nokho laba bashisa, okwakukhona iminyaka engamakhulu ambalwa abavumele abantu ukuthi banikeze ukushisa emizini, futhi manje ngezinga elifanele lenza imisebenzi yabo eqondile. Ngokuqondene namabhizinisi okukhiqiza, okubizwa ngokuthi "izibhamu zomoya" athola ukusetshenziswa okusakazekile, okuthi, ukubonga fan eyakhelwe ngaphakathi, ukusheshisa umoya okufudumele kumazinga okushisa athile, nakwisizini efudumele abakwaziyo ukwenza i-air conditioner kanye nemisebenzi yabalandeli (yanele kuphela khubaza into yokushisa).
I-boiler efudumele yangaphandle ifakwe egumbini elihlukile.
Ngaphezu kwalawa madivaysi, emabhizinisini amakhulu endalo nokukhiqizwa kwezinye izimpahla zezimboni noma zokudla sebenzisa ukufudumeza okushisayo. Ilele eqinisweni lokuthi i-Steather ekhiqizwa kwinqubo yokukhiqiza ayithunyelwa emkhathini ngepayipi lokukhipha, kepha iqondiswe emapayipli atholakala ngasendaweni yesakhiwo. Le ndlela ivumela ukonga imali ngogesi noma ngegesi eyinhloko. Phakathi kokunye, kuyindlela enhle yokunciphisa ubukhulu bomthelela omubi womsebenzi womuntu emvelweni. Vele, uma uqhathanisa nemishini yokushisa yesizukulwane sokugcina, inqubo manje izinyathelo ezimbalwa ezizayo, kepha ukulahleka kokushisa kuhlala kusezingeni elibucayi. Kungakho kudingekile hhayi ukufeza ukubalwa okuhlelekile kokulahlekelwa ukushisa kwesakhiwo, kodwa futhi nokuthatha eminye imizamo ukuze le nkomba inwebe.
Zinjani ukubalwa kokulahleka kokushisa?
Inqubo yokulahleka kokushisa ekhaya.
Akunandaba ukuthi yiluphi isakhiwo noma igumbi, ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kwenziwa, kuhlobene kakhulu neqiniso lokuthi umoya ovuthayo ushiya igumbi ngezinhlobonhlobo zezakhiwo ezifakiwe. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izindonga, uphahla, phansi, amawindi, iminyango nokunye okuningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele futhi ibizwe njengento enjalo njengesidingo sokushisa lelo ndiza elisegumbini kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezikhala namakhompiyutha akhululekile futhi phakathi kwezinhlaka ezivalekile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ugweme ukulahleka kokushisa, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukubalwa kwawo bese uzama ukuchaza izigaba eziphambili zomsebenzi ukunqoba lesi simo.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ukusindisa kanjani ikhabe kuvulandi
Izindlela zokubala ukulahleka kokushisa kwale ndawo kanye nenqubo yokwenza kwayo
Ukufakwa kohlelo iminyango yokungena.
Konke ukulahleka okunamakamelo ezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokushisa kwenziwa ngokulahleka kokushisa, okwenzeka ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene eziboshwe, njengezindonga, amawindi, ukwahlukaniswa kwemali, futhi kusuka ekushiseni kwemali enqubweni yokushisa komoya, okuwela ngaphakathi Isakhiwo ngezakhiwo ezivikelwe ngokukhululekile zikhona ekwakhiweni kwalesi sezakhiwo ezibhekwayo. Kwesinye isikhathi kwezinye izakhiwo zezimboni kunezinye izinketho zokulahleka kokushisa okungenzeka, uhlobo lwalokho olungahlotshaniswa kuphela nemisebenzi esebenzayo yebhizinisi kanye nemibandela imisebenzi eqondile yale nhlangano ngqo.
Kunoma ikuphi, ukugcina ukulahleka kokushisa kukhiqize zonke izinhlaka zohlobo oluvaliwe, ezikhona egumbini elifudumele.
Ngasikhathi sinye, akudingekile ukuthi unake ukulahlekelwa ukushisa, okwenziwa yizakhiwo zangaphakathi, uma umehluko phakathi kokushisa kwawo ngamazinga okushisa asemakamelweni angomakhelwane awedluli ama-3 degrees Celsius.
Ungakubala kanjani ukulahleka kokushisa kwesakhiwo ngezakhiwo ezivalelwe?
Amafomula wokubala ukulahleka kokushisa.
Ngale njongo, kukhona ifomula elandelayo: I-QGRA = F (TNB) (1 + β β β) n / Ro
I-TNB izinga lokushisa le-TNB ngaphandle kwalo, elinganiswa nguDigree Celsius;
I-TWN - izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwekamelo, isilinganiso sokulinganisa futhi siyi-degree celsius;
Ngaphezu kwalokho, indawo yazo zonke izinhlaka zokuvikela ithathwa kumamitha-skwele;
n kungumuntu okhuthazayo obheka isikhundla sokubiyela noma izakhiwo ezivikelayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo, okungukuthi, isikhundla sendawo yangaphandle yalezi zinto ezihlobene nomoya ongaphandle;
Ngaphansi kwe-β, ukunciphisa ukushisa okushisa, kubalwa kwamanye amasheya kusuka ekulahlekelweni kokushisa okuyinhloko;
I-RO ukumelana nenqubo yokudlulisa ukushisa okulinganiswa maqondana nomkhiqizo we-sq. amamitha ama-degree Celsius kuye W.
Ukumelana kuvame futhi ngeFomula Ro = 1 / αb + σ (Δі / λі) + 1 / αN + RV.p. Lapha, i-coeffection yokushisa enobuhle bokubiyela kwangaphakathi ithathiwe, isilinganiso sokulinganisa sale ngxenye siyathathwa - isilinganiso se-TT ekukhiqizweni kwemitha esikwele esikwele ku-degree celsius;
I-λі is the coefficience ebaliwe yokubalwa okubaliwe kokuqukethwe kwesendlalelo esisodwa sokuklama;
ΔI - ukushuba kwesendlalelo esisodwa sezinto;
ααn - i-coefficient yokushisa kokushisa ngocingo;
I-RV.N ingukumelana okushisayo ngaphakathi kwesendlalelo esivaliwe somoya;
Ama-coefficients αn kanye ne-íves kwezinye izimo anamanani aqhubekayo, kanye nenani le-λі, eliboniswa ezincwadini ezikhethekile zezethenjwa;
Δі - Inani liqokwa ngokwengeziwe, ngokusho komsebenzi, futhi kungenzeka ukunquma kuphela ngemidwebo yemiklamo yohlanga;
I-Heate Peaccessy Coefficients ye-ív yobuso bangaphakathi bezindonga, phansi kanye nophahla we-8.7 sq. M × º × Ukudluliselwa kokushisa kwezindonga zangaphandle kanye nokubheqeka kuphawulwa uphawu lwe-αn, olungenalo i-attic, olulingana no-23. Emakhaleni atholakala ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo, lo mxhumanisi uncipha cishe kabili , ngokulinganayo 12 sq. m × × º / W.
Isihloko ngesihloko: I-Linoleum ye-Gender: Ukulungiselela ukupenda, i-primer ngezandla zakho, kudinga i-soning yokhuni, ukucubungula
Ukulahleka okungeziwe okungekho khona ngamawindi nezicabha
Kuyaqabukela kakhulu emuva ekushiseni ubuchwepheshe bokulahleka kokulahleka nge-Doors noma amawindi, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu ukusebenzisa idatha enikezwe ezintweni ezisetshenziselwa izinkomba. Ngokusho kwabo, ngeminyango, amawindi nezindonga ezigxile ezinhlangothini ezisenyakatho, ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kubhekwa ku-0.1 β. Uma amawindi, izindonga neminyango zibheka entshonalanga noma eningizimu mpumalanga, khona-ke ukulahleka kokushisa kuyancishiswa futhi kulingana no-0.05 βUkubalwa kwezindleko zokushisa ezifudumele ngaphandle komoya
Ukulahleka okungeziwe kokushisa.
Kunezibalo ezimbili ezamukelekayo zalokhu. Ngowokuqala, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-qі kunganqunywa, kushiye ukufudumala komoya okungena ngaphandle kusuka ngaphandle ngokusebenzisa umoya omncane. Ukubalwa kwesibili okufanayo kusiza ukunquma ukusetshenziswa kwamandla afudumele ukufudumeza umoya kusuka ngaphandle, ukungena ngaphakathi kwegumbi ngokusebenzisa uthango olufakiwe.
Nquma i-qі ngokuya ngeFomula 0.28 L ρn C (TNB) (1),
lapho l, m3 yehora eli-1, ukusetshenziswa komoya okuvelayo;
C inani elithile lendiza elishisayo, elinganiswe ku-KJ;
I-Innn ubukhulu bomoya wangaphandle, kg / m3.
Ukubalwa kokulahleka kwendlu yangasese
Kwenzeka kaningi ukuze, ngisho nangaphambi kokuba uhlele endlini entsha, kuhlala kuguqula izinto ezithile ngezandla zakho noma, kunalokho, kufanele ufune usizo lochwepheshe ukuze wenze lokho okushiye kulokhu okuhlala kulo . Futhi kokuqala, nakwisibili, inkinga kumele ixazululwe ngokushesha okukhulu, kepha umehluko ukuthi, ngaphambi kokuthi uqale ukusebenzisa umsebenzi othile obalulekile, kuvame ukudingekile ukwenza imisebenzi yokulungiselela. Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, uma ungakakashisi, uzoqala ukukala ukulahleka okushisayo futhi kuphela lapho unquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlelo lokushisa oluzolunga esimweni sakho esithile.Ukuze wenze umcimbi ohleliwe, kuyadingeka ukuthola ukuthi kuyini endlini yangasese engafudumala. Impendulo yokuqala efika engqondweni ixhunyiwe, kunjalo, nomnyango. Bekusezonke, ngoba yiyona leyo ngxenye hhayi kuphela emngceleni womgwaqo nasekhaya, kodwa futhi isesimweni esivulekile kakhulu. Futhi uma entwasahlobo noma ehlobo, lokhu kuhlinzekwa kuba yimbangela yokungena komiyane, izimpukane nezinye izinambuzane ezincane (kwesinye isikhathi ezinkulu), ebusika nasentwasahlobo imiphumela yalezi zenzo zimbi kakhulu: Ngemizuzwana embalwa ephuma egumbini elilodwa, futhi uma ubheka ukuthi indlu ayifiki kuphela, kodwa futhi iyaphuma, lapho-ke, okungenani kanye ngosuku umnyango uvula imizuzu emi-2-3. Futhi uma emafulethini ngokushesha ukupholisa okupholisa okushisa kwangaphakathi kwegumbi kuvimbela ukungena, khona-ke akukho sivikelo esinjalo endlini yangasese.
Isihloko ngesihloko: I-Plinth yamapayipi okushisa: Izeluleko Zokubeka
Ngakho-ke, bahlakazeka nomnyango, lapha besingazi lutho olusha, kodwa saqiniseka kuphela izikhathi ezifanele zokuqagela nokusolwa kwethu. Okulandelayo, sethula uhlu lwezingxenye zesakhiwo esinecala lokulahleka okushisayo:
- izindonga;
- iwindi;
- uphahla;
- ukuhlanganiswa noma uphahla;
- UPawulu kwelokuqala noma esitezi esingaphansi;
- Uhlelo lokupholisa umoya.
TeplockOTotieri nokubalwa kwabo esibonelweni sesakhiwo esinezitezi ezimbili
Ukuqhathaniswa kwezindleko zokushisa kwezakhiwo zezimo ezahlukahlukene.
Ngakho-ke, cabanga ngesibonelo indlu encane enezitezi ezimbili, ezifudumele embuthanweni. I-coefficience evuthayo yokushisa ethambile odongeni (R) izoba ngokwesilinganiso esilingana namathathu. Kucatshangelwa ukuthi udonga oluphambili selunamathiselwe ukufakwa okushisayo okuvela ku-polyplex noma igwebu, elinobukhulu obungamasentimitha ayi-10. Phansi, ngoba akukho lutho olungaphansi kokuqedwa kwezinto zokuqeda. Ngokuqondene nokuhlanganiswa kophahla, lapha i-coeffient emelana nayo ifinyelela ku-4.5-5 ngenxa yokuthi i-attic ifakwe ngamageyimu wengilazi noma ngoboya lwamaminerali.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, unquma ukuthi lezo zinto zangaphakathi noma ezinye zangaphakathi ziyakwazi yini ukumelana nenqubo yemvelo yokwephula umoya ofudumele, kuzodingeka ukuthola ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani. Mhlawumbe izinketho eziningana: Ukuhwamuka, imisebe noma i-convection. Ngaphezu kwazo, kunamanye amathuba, kepha akuzona ezakhiweni zokuhlala ezizimele. Ngasikhathi sinye, ukwenza ukubalwa kokulahleka kokushisa endlini, ngeke kudingeke ukuthi kucatshangelwe ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile izinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwekamelo lingakhuphuka kusuka ekutheni imishayo yomoya ifudunyezwa ngewindi ngamadigri ambalwa. Akudingekile ukuzulazula kule nqubo futhi ukuthi indlu isesimweni esithile esikhethekile maqondana namaqembu omhlaba.
Ukuze unqume ukuthi kuwukushisa kangakanani ukufudumeza, kwanele ukubala lezi zinkomba emakamelweni anabantu abaningi kakhulu. Ukubalwa okunembe kakhulu kubandakanya okulandelayo. Okokuqala udinga ukubala indawo ephelele yazo zonke izindonga egumbini, khona-ke kusuka kuleli nani olidingayo ukususa indawo yawo wonke amawindi akhiwe kuleli gumbi futhi, kunikezwe indawo yophahla nobulili, Bala ukulahleka kokushisa. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa lokhu ngosizo lwefomula:
I-DQ = S * (T Inside - T Outdoor) / R
Ngakho-ke, ngokwesibonelo, uma izindonga zezindonga zilingana namamitha-skwele angama-200. Amamitha, izinga lokushisa elingaphakathi - ama-25ºсс, nasemgwaqweni - Minus 20ºсс.c Ukulahleka kokushisa kwazo zonke ezinye izinto nakho kubalwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, bahlala befingqa futhi uzothola ukuthi igumbi elinewindi eli-1 lizolahlekelwa ukushisa kwe-14 kilowatt ngehora. Ngakho-ke, lo mcimbi wenziwa ngaphambi kokufaka uhlelo lokushisa ngokuya ngefomula ekhethekile.