Enye yezigaba zomsebenzi ehlelweni lokuhlelwa phansi kuwukufakelwa phansi kwezitezi.
Ngokusho kwemithetho yokwakha, ukufakwa kwezitezi eziphakathi nendawo kufanele kukhiqizwe lapho umehluko wokushisa phakathi kwegumbi elingaphezulu neliphansi ngu-10 ° C.
Emakethe yanamuhla yezinto zokwakha, uhla olukhulu lwezinto zokwakha ezilungele ukufakwa kokushisa kwethulwa. Enye yezinto ezifunwa kakhulu zokufakwa kwe-insulal ngoboya bezimbiwa. Aze azibuze ukuthi kulungile kanjani, kusukela endaweni yokubukwa kobuchwepheshe bokwakha, ukwenza ukufakwa kwezocansi nge-minvata.
Isidingo sokufakelwa phansi
IMinVata izofudumeza ngempumelelo phansi phansi
Ngaphansi kwezitezi ezivela egumbini, kukhona ukushisa okuncane, uma kuqhathaniswa neminyango yeWindows ne-Entrop. Kodwa-ke, uma ukulahleka kokushisa kwenzeka egumbini lokuhlala phansi, khona-ke akunakwenzeka ukuba igama lokuhlala okunjalo.
Phansi okubandayo kuletha ukungakhululeki okuningi, kunokuba kunezindonga ezibandayo noma ophahleni. Iqiniso ngukuthi, ingxenye ebalulekile yesikhathi umuntu asebenzisa ngayo egumbini, ukuxhumana ngqo nobulili, ngakho-ke kubanda, kuvela emafulethini, kuzwakala kunamandla amakhulu kunalezi zinto eziklamayo igumbi.
Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi emakamelweni atholakala ngaphezulu kwamakamelo angenakuvuthwa - ama-cellars, phansi emhlabathini obandayo, njll.
Ukufakwa kwe-flooring of attic kudingekile ngesizathu esifanayo: ungqimba olufudumele lokushisa kuleli cala aluvumeli ukushisa ukuba kushiye ophahleni ngaphansi kwegumbi.
Izinzuzo futhi Zisho Minvati
Uboya obunamaminerali yinto engaphansi kwento (ingilazi, i-basalt, i-granite, njll.), Incibilikise esimweni esinqunyelwe uketshezi kanye nomoya ocindezelwe waqunjelwa e-centrifile ekhethekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, kutholwa impahla ye-porous nge-Expremal Everal Encharing and Noise Amunca Propeties.Ekuthengisweni kweMinvata kuza ngesimo sama-rolls, noma amapuleti amaningi anxande. Ukufakelwa phansi koboya bezimbiwa ngamaminerali kunezifo zombili ezinhle nezimbi ezihambisana nobungqabavu balokhu okuqukethwe.
okutholuzayo
Sebenzisa kahle iMinvatu ezindlini zokhuni, njengoba kumelana nomlilo
Phakathi kwezimfanelo zobuchwepheshe zeMinvati kufanele kuqashelwe izinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- Izakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zokufakelwa okushisayo. Ngamandla abo okugcina ukushisa koboya bezimbiwa kungenye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ezifaka ukufakwa.
- Ukumuncwa komsindo okuphezulu. Lokhu kuvumela ukufakwa kokusebenzisa izithiyo zomsindo phakathi kwamakamelo namakamelo asondelene nawo.
- Ukumelana nokulahla. Ukufakwa kwamaminerali uma kwenzeka kungomlilo hhayi kuphela ukusekela ukushiswa, kepha kuzosebenza njengesihlangu ngokumelene nokusakazwa komlilo okwengeziwe. Ekushiseni okuphezulu, okuqukethwe akuvezi izinto ezinobuthi.
- Izinto zemvelo. Ekwenziweni kokufakelwa, ukuqapha okuqinile kwemvelo kobuchwepheshe kanye nezinto ezisetshenzisiwe zenziwa.
- Ukumelana nomonakalo kumagundane. Amagundane namagundane awahambelani nezidleke zawo ngoboya bezimbiwa phansi futhi azivezi ukuhamba kwazo kulo.
- Izinto zokukhanya. Ngenxa yobuningi obuphansi, ukufakwa akusenzi imithwalo eyedlulele ezinhlakeni zokwakha. Ubuningi bayo bungamamitha ayi-35 kg / cubic.
- Ukumelana nokukhubazeka kokushisa. I-Minvat empeleni ayiguquki ifomu layo nevolumu lapho izinga lokushisa lomoya lishintsha. Ngakho-ke, lapho ifakiwe, akudingekile ukuhlela ama-thermoshos bese usebenzisa itheyiphu yekhambi.
- Izindleko ezitholakalayo. IMinVata inezinkomba ezinhle kakhulu kwinqubo "yekhwalithi".
Isihloko ngesihloko: Isikrini se-acoustic sasekhaya se-microphone
Amaminiya
Uma indlu itholakala endaweni eluhlaza, ukusetshenziswa koboya kuyancishiswa
Njenganoma yiziphi ezinye izinto zokwakha, i-minvat inezingqinamba zayo, noma yikuphi, ezingaphansi kakhulu kunezinzuzo.
- Amandla anganele. Lapho usebenza ngokufakwa kwamaminerali, futhi ukunakekelwa kufanele kuthathwe ngenxa yokuthambekela kwezinto ezibonakalayo ekuqhekekeni nasekulahlekelweni kwefomu.
- Ukwesaba ukudangala. Lokhu kungukubi okuyinhloko kweMinvati. Lapho emanzi, kulahlekelwa ukwakheka kwayo, futhi ngasikhathi sinye zonke izimfanelo zayo zokushisa ukushisa. Ngakho-ke, lapho kusetshenziselwa ubumbano lwaphansi lokufakelwa phansi, kuyadingeka ukunaka ngokukhethekile ekunikezelweni kwalo kungavunyelwe.
- Ukuphakama okukhulu. Lapho kucindezela ukufakwa, izakhiwo zayo zokufakwa okushisayo zincipha, ngakho-ke iMinvatu kufanele isetshenziswe ingashintshiwe. Uma ukwehla kokuphakama kophahla lwakho kungukukhubazeka, kufanele unake izinhlobo ezicashile kakhulu zokufakelwa okushisayo.
Ngesizathu esifanayo, lapho usebenza ngezinto ezibonakalayo, ukuhlukaniswa okuphezulu kwezinhlayiya ezincane zamaminerali ngendlela yothuli kuyabonakala.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukusebenza ngovolo lwamaminerali kulandela kuphela ngezingubo zokuzivikela, amagilavu, izibuko kanye nokuphefumula. Ngeminye imininingwane mayelana nezimfanelo zalokhu kufakwa, bheka le vidiyo:
Ngemuva kokubukeza lezi zinzuzo kanye nemizuzu yokuqukethwe, unganquma ngokwakho, uma kufanele usebenzise uvololi wamaminerali ukuhlela ungqimba lokufakelwa okushisayo.
Inqubo yokufakelwa phansi
Ukufakelwa phansi kwephansi le-minvata kwenzeka ngezigaba eziningana:- Ukulungiselela ingaphezulu kwesitezi esibi.
- Ukufakwa phansi ngqo.
- Ukufakwa kwe-coating yangaphambili.
Sihlaziya yonke inqubo yokusebenza ngezigaba.
Ukulungiselela isisekelo esinzima
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungisa isisekelo esinzima, ukuvala amanzi manzi
Uma uzofaka phansi izitezi ezindala, ngaphambi kokuthi kuzokususa ngokuphelele yonke indawo esimbozweni esivela kubo, kudalule phansi phansi kuze kufike kumakhonkolo ukhonkolo we-overlap noma amakamelo okusawula kokhuni.
Ngemuva kwalokho hlola ngokucophelela indawo yabo ukuze imifantu, izimbobo, imifantu, njll. Zonke izimbobo ezitholakele nezindawo eziyizinkinga kufanele zigxilwe kusetshenziswa uShtakuke, udaka noma i-sealant.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ukuxhuma ilokhi ye-electromagnetic
Okulandelayo, kufanele uhlole indawo yenethiwekhi evundleleni lokukhetha, ukwehluleka kanye namaqhubu. Uma amaphutha angabalulekanga kangako, angalungiswa kusetshenziswa uPutty noma udaka.
Uma umehluko wokuphakama ukhulu kakhulu, kuzodingeka ukuthi uguquke ngendlela ethe xaxa - ukusakazwa kwe-concrete ekhonkolo evumelana. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa ukuxubana okomile okwenziwe ngomumo okuthengiswa ezitolo zokwakha, noma ukulungiselela isixazululo sikakhonkolo esinesihlabathi ngezandla.
Uma ubukhulu obukhulu obuphezulu bucatshangwa ukuthi bungaphansi kuka-3 cm, isihlabathi esikhulu segama kufanele sisetshenziswe njengesixazululo sesixazululo.
Ukunikeza inqaba ku ngxube, ungangeza ama-gravel
Uma ungqimba oluvumelanayo lwe-concrete screed lungaphezu kwama-3 cm, kunconyelwa ukusebenzisa amatshe amahle noma itshe elichotshoziwe ukwandisa amandla.
Ithebula linikezwa izilinganiso ezifanele okufanele zibonwe lapho isixazululo sikakhonkolo sohlobo lwe-M-100 hlobo luvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuhlala phansi kwezihlalo.
Izilinganiso zikakhonkolo m100:
| Usimende osetshenzisiwe womkhiqizo | Ukwakheka okuningi *, kg | Ukuqanjwa kwevolumu *, l |
|---|---|---|
| M400 | 1: 4.6: 7.0 | 1: 4,1: 6.1 |
| M500. | 1: 5.8: 8.1 | 1: 5.3: 7.1 |
* Amanani ahlelekile - usimende: Isihlabathi: okuchotshoziwe
Ukuvimbela amanzi
I-RUBEOD ne-analog yayo kufakwa nge-mastic ekhethekile
Idivaysi yongqimba lomswakama umswakama iyisigaba somsebenzi esibaluleke kakhulu. Iqiniso ngukuthi iMinvat yesaba kakhulu umswakama. Lapho wethambisa, kunciphisa izakhiwo zayo zokufakelwa okushisayo futhi akusekho ukubuyisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingaphakathi lomswakama wakhe lihlala lingaphakathi komswakama, okwenza ukukhiqizwa kabusha kokubumba kanye nesikhunta siqhubekele phansi phansi nezindonga.
I-scoop waterproofing isetshenziswa nge-brashi noma nge-roller
Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa ukulupha amanzi okungavunyelwe - umgijimi noma ozakwabo banamuhla. Amashidi we-ruberoid agcotshwa ebusweni bezitezi zisebenzisa i-polymer noma i-bitumen mastics.
Kukhona nezinhlobo zokuzithela zokuzinamathela kokufaka amanzi manzi, ngokwesibonelo, iTheknonikol. Ama-canvases afakwa nge-falsestone okungenani ama-10 cm, futhi umthungo ubhalwe kahle i-mastic. Ngokwethenjwa okukhulu, ukuphakama kungavimba amanzi kungasetjenziswa ngezendlalelo ezimbili noma ezintathu, ukuze amalunga amalunga ezingqimba ezahlukahlukene angahambisani.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ifenisha kusuka Cardboard: Ukufundiswa, Isigaba Se-Master, Izibonelo Zezithombe, Inhlanganisela Yezinkomba
Ukuze uthole ukukhonkolo ukhonkolo phansi, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa amanzi angangeni manzi. I-polymer noma i-bitumen mastics ene-fluidity eyengeziwe. Ama-roelling ama-rocker noma amabhulashi asetshenziselwa ukufaka isicelo. Ngemininingwane ngezinto zokwakha, bheka le vidiyo:
AmaMastics agcwalisa yonke imifantu emincane kakhulu kanye nama-pores kakhonkolo, abhebhethekisa ukufinyelela kwezinhlayiya zomswakama ezivela egumbini elingaphansi.
Ukufakwa kwe-lag.
IMinVATU kumele ibekwe phakathi kwama-lags wokhuni azovikela impahla ekuchotshozeni
Njengoba iMinvatu ayinakuchotshozwa, kufanele unakekele ukudala umgoqo ovikelayo phakathi kwayo kanye nokuqeda ukubheja.
Ukuze phansi kungafaki ukufakwa, sibeka ama-lags wokhuni kuwo wonke umhlaba waphansi okusalungiswa, okuzosebenza njengesendlalelo esekelayo.
Ukuze senze lokhu, sithatha i-Paler ngesigaba esingu-5 x 6 cm futhi siwavikele esisekelweni sikakhonkolo ngosizo lwe-dowel-nail, kanye nezinzipho zokhuni noma ukuzikhandla.
Isinyathelo phakathi kwama-lags kuncike ekutheni iyiphi impahla ohlose ukuvumelanisa phansi phansi okuphezulu.
Ukuguga kwe- "amashumi amahlanu" noma "isocoten", kuzoba nebanga elanele phakathi kwama-lags angama-80 cm.
Nge-plywood, OSB noma "amayintshi", ibanga kufanele lincishiswa libe ngu-40 - 60 cm.
Nastul minvati
Ngemuva kwedivaysi yokuvimbela amanzi, ungaqhubeka ngqo ekubekeni ukufakwa kwamaminerali. Gcwalisa zonke izikhala phakathi kwama-lags, ukuze kungabikho imifantu kanye nezimbobo phakathi kokufakelwa kanye nama-lags. Imiyalo enemininingwane yokufaka insulation Minvata bheka le Vidiyo:
Lapho ubeka i-minvatu, kuvunyelwe ukuKhanya kancane, ukuze kungakhuphuki ngaphezu kwezinga le-lag, kepha akunconywa ukuwuphula - ngeke kunikeze ukwanda okukhethekile kwezinkomba zokuvuselelwa okushisayo, kepha kuzokhulisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezibonakalayo .
I-POOSOLation izovikela ukufakwa okuvela ekungenisweni komswakama
Ngemuva kwayo yonke imigodi ephakathi kwama-lags igcwele ukufakwa, isithiyo se-vapor esintshontshiwe. Kungaba ubuthi noma izinto ezifanayo.
Izonikeza ithuba lokushiya izinhlayiya zomswakama ngaphandle, ngasikhathi sinye, ukuvimbela ukungena ekufakweni kokudangala kusuka ngaphandle.
Amalunga amashidi okufakwa kwe-vapor ngemuva kokubekwa kwawo kufanele abheme ngokucophelela nge-scotch. Isigaba sokugcina sawo wonke umsebenzi sizobe sesibeka phezulu esitezi esifudumele sokuqala kokuqala kusuka kulokho okukhethile. Okuqukethwe okuphansi okuphansi (amabhodi, amashidi we-chipboard, i-OSB, i-plywood) inamathiselwe kusuka phezulu kuya ema-lags, ekugcineni ukumboza ukufakwa okuvela endaweni yangaphandle.