Ungakha indlu ye-log kusuka kubha enombono kuzo zombili izindawo zokuhlala unomphela nokwesikhashana. Indlu ye-log yasungulwa ezintweni ezinjengesakhiwo njengezihlahla, futhi zidinwe. Uma indawo yokuhlala unomphela ihlelwa endlini kusuka kubha, izinto zokwakha kumele zibe yi-Overlsgan, futhi uma ingeyesikhashana - iyakukhetha. Kunoma yikuphi, izingodo zigcinwe eceleni kwe-oven.
Uhlelo lwezinhlobo nezingxenye zesiphambano sebha.
Izici zamabhulukwe
Ukuqoqa imigoqo ngezandla zakho, ngokungafani nezindonga zamalogi, kufanele kube ngqo kusisekelo esiqediwe sohlobo lwe-tepi. Izindlu noma izingodo, ezakhelwe kubha, kufanele zinikeze i-shrinkage, eqeda isitayela sezindonga ngokushesha ngemuva kokwakhiwa kwendlu. Imvamisa elinde okungenani okungenani unyaka noma iminyaka emibili ukubeka izindonga ezisezingeni eliphakeme ezizosebenza isikhathi eside. Izinto zokwakha ezinjalo, njengebha, zinezimpawu ezinhle kuphela.
Umdwebo 1. Ukuhlangana kwephaneli umhlangano wesisekelo.
Sebenzisa ugodo lwamaphrofayili lungasindiswa ezintweni zokuqeda. Ibha ingahlala umswakama esakhiweni sayo isikhathi eside, ngakho-ke indlu edakiwe inde. Akufanele kwakhiwe ku-Log Cabin One, kufanele umeme umsizi. Inqubo yokwakha yendlu evela kubha ayinzima.
Ukwakha indlu ephezulu ye-Log House, kufanele usebenzise amabhuleki wokhuni, okulula ukuwenza ngezandla zakho. Ngale njongo, amabhodi ajwayelekile noma ukuncipha kwawo okusele ngemuva kokwenza noma yimuphi umsebenzi, ngokwesibonelo, okuhlobene nokufakwa kwekhreyithi. Kungcono ukwenza kangcono kunamabhodi aqinile wokusika, kulokhu, ngakolunye uhlangothi, alandelwa nge-saw. Ngemuva kwalokho unqunywe emabhodini anobubanzi obungu-120 mm, into esemqoka ukuthi baphenduke bushelelezi.
Ungasibeka kanjani isisekelo sekhabethe le-log
Izimiso zeRibbon Foundation
Umdwebo 2. Isikimu senhlangano yesisekelo somoya omncane.
Isinyathelo sokuqala lapho kwakhiwa khona ukwakhiwa kwebhabhuku ibhukumaka lesisekelo. Ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi, ukuhlaziywa kwenhlabathi kwenziwa endaweni yokwakha, okwehlela ekucwaningweni komhlaba okuhlobene nokusesha kwesehlakalo senhlabathi kanye nencazelo yokwakheka kwenhlabathi.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Ungayivumelanisa kanjani nodonga ngaphansi kwethayela: Ukulungiselela kanye nokuqondanisa, ukubeka nokuthi ungaphezulu kobuso ekhishini
Ngohlobo ngalunye lwendawo eneyunithi ethile, kuhlinzekwa izinhlobo ezikhethekile zezisekelo ezizosebenza njengamashumi eminyaka, futhi ukuba khona kwamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngeke kube nomthelela omubi kubo. Ngaphambi kokuqala ukubeka ibhukumaka isisekelo ngaphansi kohlaka, kuyadingeka ukuhlukana nomsele wesakhiwo esizayo. Lokhu kungenxa yokususwa kwesendlalelo senhlabathi evundile. Okokuqala, umsele uthele isihlabathi, esihlanganiswa ngokugcwalisa ngamanzi. Emva kwalokho, itshe liwela emseleni ukuze liqale ukuqinisa isisekelo.
Kungenzeka ukubuyisa izinduku zokuqinisa zombili phezulu kwesisekelo naphansi. Lokhu kuzovumela amandla aphezulu kakhulu wesakhiwo sonke sokusika esizayo. Ukuqiniswa kwenziwa kusetshenziswa ukhonkolo uma kwenziwa ngezandla zakho ku-concrete mixer, ngeke kubize kakhulu kungathi ukhonkolo owenziwe ngomumo esitolo sokwakha. Ukulethwa kukakhonkolo kwenziwa ngohlobo lwezokuthutha njengohlobo lweloli, futhi kungaphuma kuphela eziqeshini ngesikwele esikhulu kunazo zonke, uma kungenjalo ukhonkolo kuzodingeka ukuthi uthuthwe ngenye indlela.
Izinketho ezinhle kakhulu zizoba ukusetshenziswa kokhonkolo okufakwe esizeni. Lokhu kuzokuvumela ukuthi ulungiselele ngesixazululo sikakhonkolo ukuze kuqiniswe isisekelo, kepha ikhwalithi yokwakheka ngeke ibe phezulu njengokhonkolo ophelile. Phansi komsele onesihlabathi namatshe alingana nokuqiniswa, bese uwathela lo ukhonkolo wesikhala. Yonke itheyipu eyisisekelo, uma iribhoni, ithululwe ukhonkolo ezingeni lomhlabathi. Isisekelo singahlelwa ngokusetshenziswa kwamafomu, futhi uhlobo lwekholomu yesisekelo lufanelekile ekwakhekeni okuthile kwenhlabathi.
Umdwebo 3. Isifunda Frame Frame for Foundation.
Kusetshenziswa i-concrete mixer, akufanele kuvalwe endaweni lapho injini yayo itholakala khona, ngoba idinga njalo ukujikeleza komoya ukuyipholisa ngemuva nangesikhathi sokusebenza. Ngaphambi kokuqala kokwakhiwa kwesisuke kubha ngemuva kwesisekelo esiphelele, isisekelo kumele sidlule kusuka evikini kuya enyangeni ukuze umklamo uvunyelwe ngokuphelele.
Ngohlobo oluthile lwenhlabathi, ngokwesibonelo, ukugebha, kuzothatha uhlaka lwendawo. Kuphela ngemuva kwalokho kwakha umsebenzi wamafomu kanye nesisombululo sikakhonkolo sithululelwa kuwo. Uma isisekelo sibekwe esimweni sezulu esifudumele, khona-ke indawo yayo kufanele ibekwe ku-sawdust noma okunye okuqukethwe, njenge-moss, i-rubberoid. Ungamane uthele indawo yayo ngamanzi. Ubukhulu bamabhodi amafomu kufanele kube ngu-40 mm. Kufanele ukhethe izihlangu zokuthola amandla amafomu adingekayo nobude.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Izibuko zokuhlobisa zenze ngokwakho
Iyunithi Yokwakha Iyunithi
Ngosayizi wokuqala wesihlangu, ibanga phakathi kwemigqa ye-axial yesisekelo kwesinye isikhathi lithathwa. Umhlangano wezihlangu wenziwa ngqo emhlabeni usebenzisa ama-linings akhethekile. Isikimu somhlangano wephaneli esisekelweni sikhonjiswa ku-Fig. 1. Izihlangu ezinohlangothi olubushelelezi kufanele zibhekiswe ngaphakathi kwesisekelo.
Isisekelo sesisekelo kufanele sinikeze amafasitela akhethekile ukuze kungene umoya omncane, okuvela ebusweni bomhlaba kude ne-15-20 cm. Zitholakala ezinhlangothini eziphambene zokwakhiwa kwesisekelo ngasinye. Ukwakha, ungasebenzisa amapayipi we-asbestos-cement eduze kweziphengu ezihlahleni, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku-Fig. 2. Lesi sikhundla samapayipi sizovumela ukuthi ungathululi izimbobo zomoya omncane ngesisombululo sikakhonkolo.
Umdwebo 4. Izindlela zokuxhuma izingodo.
Uhlaka lwe-armature lwesisekelo lutholakala phezulu, kukhonjiswe ku-Fig. 3, Emva kwalokho, gcwalisa i-Concrete Screed. Imigoqo yokuqinisa kufanele ibekwe ngendlela engathandeki, ebathatha ngokusebenzisa ucingo.
Le ndlela ingatholwa ukwakhiwa okuqinile okuxhumeka ngokuqinile nesisekelo sesakhiwo esizayo. Ukuqala ukwenza ukugcwaliswa kwesixazululo sikakhonkolo kwifomu, ezihlahleni kufanele kuqokwe umugqa wokugcwalisa kusuka phezulu. Lapho i-sump isilungile, qala ukubeka umqhele wokuqala.
Ukubekwa kahle kwe-Upper string esisekelweni, i-ruberoid ngezingqimba ezimbili, kucatshangelwa lonke umkhawulo womklamo. Kulokhu, ibha ye-rubberoid iyashayela bese ifakwe esisekelweni. Ukwenza imigoqo, sebenzisa imigoqo ebushelelezi, lapho kungekho khona imifantu, gxuma okuhlukahlukene, ukubola.
Ungayakha kanjani indlu ye-log kusuka kubha
Ukuvikela izikhala phakathi kwemigoqo, i-chamfer evela emaphethelweni angenhla kufanele isuswe emanzini ukungena emanzini, usayizi wayo ozoba ngu-10x10 mm. Ukuxhumeka kwamakhona esontweni kufanele kulandele indlela yeSpike-Groove. Kungenzeka ukuxhuma ibha ezinkemba nasesikhaleni somdabu, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku-Fig. 4 ngesimo sohlelo. Inhlanganisela yama-angles omqhele wokuqala ingenziwa ngendlela e-poledev, futhi ukugcwala kwemigqa elandelayo kukhiqizwa kumakhaza kusetshenziswa ama-vikes wendabuko. Amathuluzi amakhulu nezinto zokwakha zokwakha yilezi:
- Ibha;
- sawubona;
- isando;
- uqine;
- Izipikili.
Isihloko ngesihloko: Penda umnyango egumbini lokugezela
Umdwebo 5. Izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuqinisa ama-brusides namalogi.
Phakathi komqhele kaBrusev kungaba nokuvalwa kwezimpawu, kufanele kudwetshwe ngezinto ezifaka ukushisa nge-panty. Njengomthamo wokushisa, ozizweyo noma amapharali asikiwe emgqeni wawo ububanzi obungu-20 mm omncane kunosayizi webha.
Ukususwa okungcono kwamanzi kusuka kuma-seams, kudlula ngokuvundlile phakathi kwemigoqo, susa i-champecker ngobubanzi obungama-20 kuye kwangama-30 mm. Yehlisa izinga lokuvuselelwa phakathi kwemigoqo kungenzeka ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwama-grooves, ukugwaza imifula ngesimo sokulungiswa.
Kusetshenziswa i-Brazning, ukuba nomumo ongunxande noma oyindilinga, ungabeka imigoqo endaweni ebheke phezulu, njengoba kukhonjisiwe ku-Fig. 5. Ukukhipha amagciwane kuyo yonke imigoqo engowomqhele wokuqala, lokhu kwenziwa ngokuthathisa imigoqo ngayinye kusuka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Iziphetho ze-Bruusyev zishiya ngaphandle kokucubungula ukwakheka.
Ukusika ama-curve wemigoqo ngezandla zakho ngokwakha izingxenye ezincane zazo, ezifakwe ku-lumens zamafasitela neminyango. Amabha aphathwa ngamafutha abekwe esisekelweni, aqine ngamabakaki. Izindonga ezaphukile zingafana nenqubo yokwakhiwa kwezindonga ze-log.
Izindonga ezivinjezelwe zinama-seams atholakala endaweni evundlile, okuwumehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamabhulogi kusuka kubha kusuka ebhilidi.
Ama-seams yizingxenye ezisengozini kakhulu zodonga lwe-Chub, ngakho-ke azidingeki zifudumale kuphela, kepha futhi zimboze ngo-oyela noma upende kawoyela.
Ukuvikela imigoqo yokusikwa komthelela wemvelo ngokhuni, kanye nethonya lasemkhathini, ungakwazi, ukunciphisa izindonga kusuka kubha ngaphandle kwebhodi noma ebheke izitini.
Ibhodi lezindonga zezindonga ezivundlile lenza kube lula ukubeka umsuli wokushisa. Uma ubukhulu bodonga bungaphansi kwama-150 mm, otombukisi abengeziwe bokushisa basebenzisa, futhi uma ubukhulu bungama-200 mm, khona-ke ungenza ngaphandle kokufakelwa.