Ukuze noma ikuphi ukwakhiwa kube okuhlala isikhathi eside, udinga ukuzama ukukhulisa lokho kuthonya lezinto zangaphandle, elinye lazo elinomswakama. Umswakama uyakwazi ukubhubhisa noma yisiphi, ngisho nesakhiwo esezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu. Izinto ezivimbela amanzi emakethe ziningi. Kepha abaningi babo bakha umgoqo hhayi umswakama kuphela, kodwa futhi nomoya. Ekamelweni elinjalo akukho okungakhululeki ngokweqile.
Ukuvikela isakhiwo emiphumeleni ebhubhisayo yomswakama, kwenziwa i-hydrophobization. Ngemuva kwenqubo enjalo, isithiyo sokungena ngaphakathi emoyeni asiveli. Kulokhu, ungafaka ukuhlanganiswa kwe-hydrophobic ngezandla zakho. Lokhu ngeke kushiye isikhathi esiningi.
Ukuswakama kuyakwazi ukubhubhisa isihlahla esingenasici nje, kepha futhi ukhonkolo noma izitini eziqinile noma izitini, ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlela ezingaphansi komhlaba noma isisekelo egumbini lokugezela noma isisekelo. Inamandla okuqongelela ngaphakathi kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngokwehla kwezinga lokushisa ngaphansi kuka-00, umswakama oqongelelwe uqala ukwandisa, ukuphazamisa ukwakheka kwawo. Ngenxa yalokho - imigodi nemifantu.
Kunesinye futhi isici sokuthi bambalwa abacabanga ngayo. Amanzi emvula angaqukatha amakhemikhali athinta kabi zonke izinto zokwakha. Ngokubambisana namathonsi wamanzi emvula, lezi zinto zingena ezintweni zokwakha. Zombili lezi zinkinga zingaxazululwa kwenye yawa. Kuyadingeka ukwenza i-hydrophobilization ebusweni.
Ngaphezu kokuvikelwa kumswakama, i-hydrophobizer inyusa izici zokufakwa kwegumbi okushisayo zegumbi futhi lenza indawo ephathwe yiqhwa.
Ukuthi ukwenziwa yi-hydrophobilization okuhlukile kokungena kwamanzi
Ukungena emanzini okungena emanzini okungena ngeqhwa ngemuva kweqhwa kwakha ifilimu engadluli amanzi. Akuzange kumunwe ebusweni obumboziwe, futhi kuvale nje.Ngesikhathi se-hydrophobization, ikhambi lingena phansi kwezinto zokwakha futhi lenyusa izimfanelo zalo zokuphonsela umswakama. Kulokhu, ukwakheka kokuqukethwe kuhlala kungashintshiwe, futhi wonke ama-pores avulekile. Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa, okuqukethwe kumane kuphele ukuqongelela umswakama ngaphakathi. Uyamkhipha.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngemuva kwe-hydrophobization, noma yimuphi umphezulu kungcono kakhulu ukuwahlanza ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokungcola nothuli, ukumelana nokushisa okuphansi kukhuphuka, amandla wesakhiwo ayanda. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza, usawoti uphuma ebusweni bezinto ezibonakalayo. Uma sikhuluma nge-facade yendlu, khona-ke amabala amhlophe alimaza ukubukeka kokwakhiwa.
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Ukwakha, akunandaba, indlu yenhlokodolobha yikhona noma i-cellar ejwayelekile, ngisho nangesikhathi semvula enkulu ayikhonjelwa emphumeleni ongemuhle womswakama. I-hydrophobizer ivimbela ukubonakala kokubumba nokukhunta, okunzima kakhulu ukuqeda. Futhi izinkomba zokushintshaniswa komoya zihlala zinjalo.
Ungayikhetha kanjani i-hydrophobizer
Okuqukethwe kukhiqizwa ngamafomu amaningana: emulsion, i-powder eyomile, unamathisele, uketshezi. Uma uthola impuphu eyomile, khona-ke okulungele ukusetshenziswa kuzofanela ukwenze ngokwakho.
Ngobukhulu, ungakhetha ifomu osebenza ngalo lilula futhi limnandi kakhulu. Ezakhiweni zayo, wonke ama-hydropobicators ayafana. Isikhathi sokusebenza salokhu okuqukethwe kuyisilinganiso seminyaka engama-20. Ngemuva kokwelashwa komhlaba, i-hydrophobizer ingena ezintweni ngo-3-4 cm.
Ngokuqondene nezixazululo zokuqamba, ama-hydrophobizer angenamibala, ngemuva kokuthi iqhwa likhanye futhi lenze umbala bushelelezi ngokwengeziwe. Ngakho-ke, uhlobo lwangaphandle lwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisetshenzisiwe kulo aluguqulwanga. Kwesinye isikhathi ngemuva kokusebenzisa i-hydrophobizer, umbala wokuqala wezinto zokwakha uba ukugcwala ngokwengeziwe. Abanye ochwepheshe basebenzisa lokhu okuqukethwe njengenye indlela yokubhala ngaphansi kokupenda.
I-Hydropobication of Foundation
Isisekelo siyisisekelo sanoma yisiphi isakhiwo. Uma eqala ukuwa, khona-ke sonke isakhiwo siyowa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwenza i-hydrophobilization yesisekelo. Kubukeka sengathi imvula ayiwi esisekelweni. Kodwa-ke, isisekelo siwela ngaphansi kwethonya lamanzi angaphansi komhlaba, abhujiswe kancane kancane.
Kodwa-ke, isisekelo kufanele sihlukaniswe nenhlabathi efanelekile. Lapho-ke umthelela wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba udwetshwe. Kuphela kuphela kuzovela ukuvikela ukwakhiwa kusuka kumthelela omubi wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
Okokuqala, ukungeniswa kwamanzi okungena ngaphakathi kufakwa engxenyeni engezansi yesisekelo. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukucubungula izindawo ezisele zesisekelo, ezihlangana nenhlabathi.
Zonke izenzo ezichazwe ngenhla zingenziwa kuphela esakhiweni sokwakha. Uma isisekelo sesivele sakhiwe, khona-ke ngeke kusebenze isisekelo emiphumeleni yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba.
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Ngenye indlela, ingxube equkethe isisombululo esingena ngaphansi kwamanzi kanye nokhonkolo. Ngemuva kokucutshungulwa ingxube enjalo yesisekelo, isikhathi sayo sokusebenza sikhuphuka kakhulu, futhi kwandisa ukuvikelwa kwayo emanzini asemhlabathini.
I-Hydrophobization Basement
Isitezi esingaphansi singenye igumbi elidinga ukuvikelwa emanzini asemphethweni. Namuhla, hhayi kuphela ama-mini-warehouse kuphela okulondolozwa kwemifino eyenziwe emakamephu. Uma unikeza inganekwane, khona-ke ukusuka egumbini elingaphansi ungenza igumbi le-Billiard, igumbi lokuhlala noma ihhovisi.
Lapho usebenzisa i-Basement materproofing, udinga ukunaka amalunga nemisipha. Lezi zindawo zitholakala kakhulu emiphumeleni engemihle yamanzi angaphansi komhlaba namanzi aphansi komhlaba. Ngakho-ke, kwasekuqaleni, amakhona angaphansi kufanele aphathwe ngokuqanjwa kokungena kanye nawo wonke amalunga phakathi kwezindawo eziphansi. Kunokuphazamiseka okukhethekile okungena emanzini okuvutha amanzi, okulungele ukucutshungulwa kwala makamelo okulala azale.
Izindonga nezangaphansi kwesitezi, ezizosetshenziswa ngezinto ezingavunyelwanga, kufanele uhlanzeke kuqala kuzo zonke izinto ezingcolile. Ukuze ukwakheka ngokujulile ngangokunokwenzeka ngesakhiwo sephansi lesitezi esingaphansi noma izindonga zalo, kuyadingeka ukushubisa okwenziwa ngaphambili kwamanzi asetshenzisiwe ngamanzi ajwayelekile.
Uma izindonga ezingaphansi kwenziwa nge-brick masonry, khona-ke ukwakheka kwendlela yomjovo, esizotshela kamuva ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Hydropobication of izindonga kanye phansi
Ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo se-hydrophobizer ezindongeni zesakhiwo, udinga ukususa ungqimba oludala lwe-sandy cement screed. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungasebenzisa amabhulashi nge inqwaba yensimbi. Shesha inqubo yokuhlanza ukusetshenziswa kwe-sandblasting. Udinga futhi ukususa konke ukungcola nothuli kusuka endaweni yaphansi.
Okulandelayo, indawo ehlanziwe iyanyiswa. Ngasikhathi sinye, azikho izindonga, noma phansi, azidingi ukuzisola emanzini. Phezu kwesitezi esinomswakama noma izindonga, kusetshenziswa ukwakheka okukhulisa izakhiwo zomswakama-eziphindaphindwayo. Ukwandisa izakhiwo eziphindayo zomswakama zaphansi nezindonga, kudingeka kuphela imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngeke uthole umphumela oyifunayo ngemuva kokucutshungulwa phansi noma kunoma yimuphi omunye umuntu.
Ngokuqondene nezindonga zangaphakathi zesakhiwo, ukwelashwa nge-hydrophobizer kufanelekile kuphela uma kuza emakamelweni anomswakama ophezulu. Ithayili elifakwe ngaphezulu kwezindonga alinikezi ukuvikelwa komswakama okungu-100%. Ukwakheka kusetshenziswa ebusweni obuhlanjululwe ku-olidala.
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Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukwenza ukufakwa kwamalunga namakhona. Amanye ama-hydropobicators angena e-3 cm, kanti amanye angu-1. Ngakho-ke, lapho kukhethwe izinto ezibonakalayo, kuyadingeka ukubheka ubukhulu bezindonga zokwakha kanye nezici zokusebenza.
Uma inani elikhulu lamanzi lingaweli ebusweni, lapho-ke akudingekile ukuthola izingoma ezijulile zesenzo. Banenqubomgomo ephakeme yamanani ephakeme. Kungani ngokweqile? Ngemuva kokucubungula izindonga, ungaqala ukubeka amathayili e-ceramic.
I-HydroofobIzation of the cellar
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintana nenkinga yokuvikelwa komswakama we-cellar, okuyisakhiwo esihlukile futhi iwela ngaphansi komthelela omubi wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Njengomthetho, kusetshenziswa isitini ekwakhiweni kwesela. Ukwandisa izakhiwo eziphindwayo zamanzi ze-brick masonry, ama-hydropobizer asetshenziswa ngumjovo. Le ndlela yesicelo kwesinye isikhathi ibizwa ngegama elivaliwe.
Ungasebenzisa le ndlela hhayi kuphela e-DRY, kodwa futhi nasemanzini asebenza ngezitini, okuhlobene kakhulu nesela. Ezindongeni ze-cellar usebenzisa ithuluzi elifanele, kwenziwa izimbobo ezijulile. Ngazo, izingoma eziphindayo zomswakama ngaphakathi kwezindonga ze-cellar. Ngendlela efanayo, ingaphezulu komhlaba kufanele licutshungulwe, uma libekwe ezitini.
Ngokwethulwa kokwakheka kwizimbobo ezenziwe ngaphambili ze-cellar Wall, udinga ukusebenzisa amaphakethe. Kepha, ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nenqubo, udinga ukuhlanza izindonga zangaphambili. Akufanele babe ngodaka oludala, ukungcola nothuli. Vala izimbobo ezindongeni nangaphezulu kwesethazi phansi ngemuva kwenqubo akudingekile. Bazobe bangabonakali. Ukufakwa emanzini kwangaphakathi kwe-cellar sekuphelile!
Ngesikhathi sokuhlelwa kwanoma yiliphi igumbi, kuyadingeka ukunakekela ngokwahlukana kokuhlukaniswa kwekamelo kusuka kumswakama. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi kuleyo ndawo njengemiphongo nengaphansi. Bangaphansi komthelela omubi wamanzi angaphansi komhlaba. Kuhle futhi nokuthola ukunakwa okukhethekile elungiselelweni lokuvikelwa kumswakama ezindlini zokugezela.