Lapho idivaysi, i-rafter ye-attic kumele ibe nezidingo zezobuchwepheshe ukuze isakhiwo esekelayo singafeza ngokuphelele imisebenzi enikezwe yona. Amapulazi nezinye izinto ezihlobene kufanele zifakwe ukuze umklamo oqediwe ungamelana nemithwalo yeqhwa kanye neqhwa esifundeni esithile. Zonke lezi zikhathi zihlanjululwa ngokwengeziwe enqubweni yokubala. Esifisweni, ukufakwa kwe-rafter ye-attic kungenziwa ngokuzimela, ukonga imali kwizinsizakalo zabasebenzi bakwezamasithathu.
Ekhuphuka ama-rafters wesikimu.
Imininingwane eyisisekelo mayelana neRAF Rafaceans
UManzard uyigumbi ngaphansi kophahla, lutholakala esitezi se-attic sakhiwo. Ukwamukelwa okunjalo kukuvumela ukuthi uhlele kahle ukukhula kwezindawo ezisetshenziswa ngaphandle kwezindleko ezibalulekile ezibonakalayo. E-attic kungenzeka ukuthi uphile ngokungabi kakhulu kunanoma yiliphi elinye igumbi. Kepha lokhu kudinga ukuhlome kahle futhi, ikakhulukazi, ukufaka kahle ama-rafters ophahleni.
Uhlelo lwe-slinge ophahleni lwe-attic.
Ngaphambi kokufaka ama-rafters we-attic, udinga ukukhetha uhlobo olufanele lomklamo. Ama-rafter aphuthumayo futhi alenga.
Ama-Slot Rafters ophahleni lwe-attic afakwa kangcono ezakhiweni ezinodonga oluphakathi nendawo. Ukusetha i-sling of the ophahleni lophahla lwe-attic, kuyadingeka ukuthi izindonga ezi-2 zokuthwala zitholakala kude kungabi ngaphezu kwe-7 m kusuka komunye nomunye.
Uma kungekho odongeni lwangaphakathi, okuwukuphela kwenketho okungenzeka kufakwe ophahleni lophahla lwe-attic. Idizayini ejwayelekile ifaka ama-rafter kanye nebhande eliphansi - ukuqina. IMaurylalat isetshenziswa njengento ebhekiwe. I-wire kanye namabakaki asetshenziselwa ukuqinisa i-rafter. Ukufakwa kwenziwa ngokucatshangelwa okuphoqelekile kwezinga lomthwalo olinganisiwe.
Izici zokubekwa kohlelo lwe-rafter
Ukufakwa kohlelo lwe-rafting ophahleni.
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukufaka i-CAFQEER yophahla lwe-attic, lungisa konke okudingayo ngesikhathi somsebenzi:
- Ibhodi elingafakwanga.
- Imigoqokoko.
- Ukufudumeza kokufakelwa kwezinto zokufaka.
- Izipikili.
- U-wire wangenisa ucingo olunobubanzi obungu-3-4 mm.
- Twine.
- Ububanzi obungu-15 cm ububanzi nobukhulu obungu-4-5 cm.
- Izinto zokufaka umswakama.
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Kunezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-Mansard Roofing Systems, okungukuthi:
- Unxantathu.
- Asymmetric.
- Symmetric.
- Ephukile.
Enye yezindlela ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuklama ukubalwa kwama-engeli okuthambekela kophahla lophahla. Lapho wenza lesi sigaba, lezi zici ezilandelayo kufanele zibhekwe:
- Izimo zezulu zesifunda.
- Ukubukeka nezimpawu zezinto zokwakha ezisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa nokuqeda.
- Okuthandwa ngumnikazi wendlu.
Izindawo ezikhuphukayo zohlelo lwe-rafter.
Lapho likhudlwana i-angle yokuthambekela kophahla lophahla, okuncane kuzoba khona isikhala samahhala egumbini le-attic. Kodwa-ke, uma i-angle incane kakhulu, uhlelo lokuphahla luzoba nzima ukuhlanza kusuka ekuguqukeni nasekungcoliseni. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, lokhu kuzoholela ekunciphiseni ekuthembekeni kohlelo. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha impahla efanelekile yophahla lwezimo ezikhona.
Ukufakwa kwe-rafter yophahla lwe-attic kuqinisekisa amandla nokuqina kophahla. Lapho wenza lo msebenzi, kudingeka uhambisane nemithetho eminingana. Okokuqala, ukwakhiwa kwakhiwa kusuka kumishayo yokhuni enesigaba esisenqabeni se-100x100 mm noma ngo-150x150 mm. Okwesibili, uhlelo luphele ngokucophelela. Imvamisa ama-rubberoids noma asebenzisa kuphela njengokufaka ngaphansi kwamanzi.
Idizayini yohlaka ibekwe esisekelweni kusuka kukhonkolo oqinisiwe. Amabakaki we-wire kanye nensimbi asetshenziselwa ukunamathisela i-node yenethiwekhi. Imvamisa isebenza ngama-Spike-Grooves. Kubalulekile ukuthi izinkuni ezisetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwama-rafter angenakho ngaphezu komswakama ongu-15%. Uma kungenzeka, ukukhetha kufanele kunikezwe esikhundleni samadwala ama-coniferous.
Qiniseka ukuthi kwakhiwe umoya wokubulala amagciwane. Amabha asele anqatshelwe ngokuphelele ukulisebenzisa. Ngenxa yazo, lonke uhlelo olungavuthayo lungamane luwa. Ngakho-ke, ngaphambi kokufaka isicelo, imigoqo kumele yomiswe. Ngokwengeziwe, izinkuni ziboshwe nge-antiseptic kanye ne-anti-footage.
Ukwenza uphawu lokufaka lwe-Supports, Bala isinyathelo sokufaka ukuze wonke ama-raft afakwe ngokuqondile endizeni efanayo. Bheka ukugcwala kokufakwa kuzokusiza ngomngane kunoma yimuphi umakhi obizwa nge-plumb.
Ukulungisa izingxenye ukuze zithembeke kakhulu, sebenzisa i-offset noma yelula. Ama-racks mpo afinyelela ezintweni ezifanele. Isembozo esivame ukusilela kabili nge-plywood ne-drywall. Phakathi kwamashidi epuleti kumele kubekwe.
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Imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo sokufaka izindonga
Isikimu esiqinisa ihlukaniswe nge-subproof eyengeziwe.
Inqubo yokufaka uhlelo lwe-rafting ophahleni lwe-attic liqala ngokubekwa kwebha ephezulu. Ukulivikela, ungasebenzisa izipikili, izikulufa kanye namabakaki ensimbi. Ama-Bruce asetshenziswa yisigaba sesiphambano se-150x150 noma i-100x100 mm.
Ngemuva kwalokho, ukufakwa kwe-mauerlat kwenziwa. Kuyadingeka, okokuqala, ukuze uphahla lungagugi ngempumelelo eqinile umthelela wokujaha. IMauerlat kumele yakhelwe futhi ifakwe ngendlela yokuthi sikwazi ukubekezelela imithwalo eza ophahleni lwendlu nasezindongeni zayo. Ngqo i-mauerlat ibekwa kusuka ku-brusev. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amabha angu-100x150 mm. Ungafaka futhi amabhodi anobukhulu obungu-50 mm.
Izinto ezikhethiwe kufanele zifakwe ngokuvundlile, ngemuva kokubala usayizi womphezulu wezindonga. Ngaphansi kwebha ngayinye noma ibhodi, okufakwayo okungavunyelwe kufakwa, okuzovikela izakhi zeMaurohola kusuka emiphumeleni elimazayo yomswakama.
Ekugcineni, imilenze ye-rafting ifakwe. Lezi zinto zokuklama zingathengwa ngefomu eliqediwe noma zenze ngokwakho. Okokuqala, igxathu lesinyawo se-rafter libalwa, ngemuva kwalokho umaki usetshenziswa kuMauerlat. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukubeka amamaki kwiRam naseMaurylalat. Ochwepheshe banconyelwa ukukhwela izindonga ezigabeni ze-1-1.2 m. Beka ama-rafters aphezulu ngaphambili. Kubalulekile ukuthi umugqa wamandla angaphambili futhi phezulu kwemilenze kwakusezingeni elifanayo.
Ama-rafters enziwe ngemigoqo noma emabhodini. Kubalulekile ukuthi amabhodi aqonde.
Ukusuka ekusetshenzisweni kwe-bitch kungcono ukwenqaba, inani eliphakeme elivumelekile le-bitch - izingcezu ezi-3 ngemitha ngayinye.
Izinhlobo zezakhiwo ze-rafter.
Okulandelayo, udinga ukuthatha i-Twine bese uyidonsa phakathi kwamatshe amakhulu. Kulokhu, kuzokwenza imisebenzi yezinga lokufakwa kokunye. Sengiphetha, uzodinga ukuxhuma phakathi kwezingxenye ezingenhla ze-waped nomunye bese ufaka ugongolo lwe-skate. Kuzodingeka uma uphahla lunamamitha angaphezu kwangu-7, kanye nohlaka lwe-rafter lokulinganisa kakhulu.
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Uma uphahla lunosayizi omncane, kuzokwanela ukuxhumanisa imilenze nokwelula. Ngokushesha ukwelula ungasebenzisa ngokuzayo njengophawu lophahla lwe-attic. Ngomoya onamandla neqhwa, lezi zinto zizothatha ingxenye ethile yomthwalo.
Ekuphetheni, isibani sifakiwe, ukufakwa komswakama kanye nokufakwa okuthe xaxa okufakiwe, uphahla luyanelisiwe, izindonga nophahla lwegumbi le-attic zipholile.
Uma kunamafasitela ophahleni lwe-attic, umsebenzi wenziwa ngokulandelana okufanayo, kodwa esiteji sokufaka, ukuvulwa kwefasitela kufakwe, lapho kufakwa ozimele. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi i-attic kufanele ibe nosayizi okungenani we-3x2.2 m. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ukuhlala egumbini elinjalo kuzoba okungakhululeki ngokweqile.
Uphahla lwe-ATTIC, lwenziwe ngokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho, luzoba umhlobiso omuhle kakhulu wanoma yiliphi ikhaya futhi luzosebenza njengeminyaka eyishumi nambili. QHAFAZA NGOKUQINISEKILE KULULA KWESIVIVINYO SOKUHLELA KANYE NAMUKELA KULO msebenzi ogcwele. Ngeke nje ukonga imali kuphela, kepha uzolawula isigaba ngasinye somsebenzi, okuzokuvumela ukuthi uqiniseke ngokuphelele njengokubulawa kwawo. Ngikufisela inhlanhla!