The oven Kuznetsova was developed in 1962 by I.V. Kuznetsov, who loved to design and improve its designs useful for people.
It is believed that this oven rightly deserves such popularity. Even today there are a number of customers who prefer only Kuznetsov furnaces.
To install the oven Kuznetsov, with their own hands, is also not difficult. It is especially relevant in residential buildings.
The design worked for years well warms the room and affects its decorative functions.
If you follow the instructions and necessary materials, you can make a furnace, which will serve you a whole century, and even more.
Advantages of the Kuznetsov furnace
Many of the advantages that did not appreciate one of the household:
- uniform heating;
- minimal formation of soot and smoke;
- Proper heat return;
- economy;
- Many space for the steel heating element;
- low heat loss;
- Cracks do not appear;
- The possibility of designer changes.
If you compare the oven Kuznetsov with a traditional Russian stove of Kamenka, then you can replace that the efficiency of Kuznetsovka comes to 93%, when Russian is up to 30%.
Principle of operation of the Kuznetsov furnace
The furnace works according to the laws of physics using a bunk cap, which is located above the combustion chamber.
The design has 2 tiers. Nizhny - this is a firebox and heat exchanger. The heat exchanger of Kuznetsov furnace is located in a specialized chamber separated by half.
In the first half of the furnace there is a firebox, and in the second heat exchanger.
Halves are separated by a grid, which contributes to heat transfer for the heat exchanger.
In the second tier there are 2 streams movement, after which combustion products are removed into chimney. Taruses are connected by a vertical tube.
The principle of operation of the Kuznetsov furnace lies in the fact that the fuel is burned in a small amount and effectively spends heat. This makes it possible to use any fuel.
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The more horizontal caps have a furnace of Kuznetsov, the higher the heat transfer. Of course, the caps are not limitlessly to build no sense, the norms should be.
When heat is highlighted in the combustion chamber of the furnace, it moves up with combustion products, thus heating heat exchanger.
As a heat exchanger in Kuznetsov's ovens, a register, calorifer, retort or something similar to it can be.
When the heat goes into the following cap, the air with heat lifts it to the ceiling, displacing the cold.
Over time, the cap is filled with warm air, which is divided into its heat energy with the walls of the cap.
With full filling of the cap, heat moves to the last (third) cap. In this cap.
An important point in the work of Kuznetsov ovens are ballast gases.
The furnace mixture is a compound of unrelated molecules having a certain mass.
Wet pairs are heavier, so they are located at the bottom of the cap. With a cold stream, they are derived from the space, where the fuel burns and the heat exchanger heats up.
Drawings oven Kuznetsov do it yourself
The principle of operation of the furnace is the same, but there are many different models that are divided by focusing use:
- heating;
- Heating and cooking;
- Russian warm;
- baths;
- for washing;
- With built-in fireplace.
Drawings oven Kuznetsov for a bath
Kuznetsov ovens drawings with fireplace
Kuznetsov oven with her own hands
We will consider construction on an example of a heating furnace, since this is the most common option.
If you comply with all the rules listed below, you can easily build Kuznetsov oven with your own hands.
Materials for oven Kuznetsov do it yourself
We need:
- bricks (for inner brick masonry, the refractory chamoten is suitable for about 70 pieces, to count the amount of the required bricks can be using a drawing or a construction calculator);
- bricks (for outdoor masonry ordinary clay M-150 about 760 pieces);
- 100-150 kg. clay;
- 200-300 kg of purified sand (you can clay and sand, replace the finished clay and sandy solution, 500 bricks require 0.2 meters of cubic);
- Metal accessories (valve, grate, wire, flue and confusion, 2 steel corners).
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Foundation for the Kuznetsov furnace
For this furnace, it may be necessary for the foundation because it has a lot of weight.
If you perform masonry near the wall, place the foundation is no closer than 5 centimeters to its base. To get rid of gaps, use for the sands of the sand.
Call the degree of soil freezing and make a depth of not less than 1 meter.
Do not forget about the sand pillow and waterproofing belt from bitumen mastic and rubberoid.
Be sure to rein the concrete block of the foundation for the Kuznetsov furnace with your own hands using a metal frame, which is easy to cook from the reinforcement rods.
Laying oven Kuznetsov
Print the drawing you need and proceed to display. It is quite simple.
Make a channel between the first and second tier in the brick, so that the firebox is longer.
Start the creation of a cap with 17-18 rows.
Reaching up to 21 rows, make some small passes on the inner walls on the side. So to refine the furnace will be more convenient.
Place the refractory layer in the hanging state so that when heated does not deform the walls.
The inner laying of chamotte brick is necessarily installed by the edge - this may not be in the drawings. Outdoor can be done at will.
You will need a wire to enhance the bundle, so every few rows of masonry lay the wire for the reliability and durability of the Kuznetsov furnace, built with their own hands.
It is worth considering the expansion of bricks at high temperatures. To do this, between the walls and metal elements, perform treatment with refractory mixtures.
Also, the processing of the refractory mixture is necessary after the construction of the furnace and the solidification of the solution.
Start testing oven Kuznetsov with your own hands with a minimum temperature, gradually increasing it.
I hope heating with your own hands will help you to save health and warmth in your home.
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