Requirements for the cottage to water supply is not lower than in urban apartments, and above: It is necessary to provide the supply not only in the cranes and on household appliances, but also for watering. Therefore, the pump performance should be high, and the debit of the well or well is good and stable. It is necessary to solve another problem: electricity is often disconnected in the countryside, therefore it is desirable to have a stock of water or a backup method of its "mining". For the owners of the wells, everything is easy: you can get a bucket for urgent needs, but you just won't get it out of the well. You have to invent backup schemes.
Organization of water pipeline in the country
It is possible to organize water supply in the country only using the pump, but can be supplied in two ways: from the accumulative tank or from the hydroaccumulator.
When using a circuit with a cumulative tank, you have a supply of water equal to the volume of the tank, but the pressure in the system is low. It is created by a height drop: the tank is installed at the height - in the attic of the cottage or roof of the nozpostroy. The main condition - its bottom must be higher than any point of water treatment. Then the water in the cranes will be.
The second method - with a hydroaccumulator is more convenient because the pressure is created and automatically maintained. If the hydroaccumulator supplement the pump and automation (pressure switch), the entire assembly is called a pumping station. The trick here is enclosed in a hydroaccumulator. This is a cylindrical container, divided into two parts of an elastic membrane. In one part, the gas is under low pressure, water is supplied to the second pump. As it arrives, water increasing the gas more and more, because of which pressure (about 2 atm) is created in the system.
Organization of water supply in the country of the well with a hydroaccumulator
When the crane opens (household appliances turn on or irrigated), water is supplied from the hydroaccumulator. It gradually decreases pressure. Its value is controlled by special relays. As soon as the lower threshold is reached, the pump is turned on, restoring the specified value. The highest threshold is controlled by the second sensor, which disables the pump.
Such a system of country water supply can be implemented both in the winter and in the summer. The difference in where to install the equipment and how deep the pipes are deep.
What pipes to choose for water supply in the country
Another one and a half decades ago and the questions did not arise: there were no alternatives with steel pipes. Today, the metal is already almost and not used for the cottage water supply: expensive, we need welding for installation, and rust modern pipes quickly. There is a much more practical alternative - plastic pipes. They are for the country water pipeline - the best solution: definitely do not rust, some more frosts are not afraid. But plastic is different, like products from it.Pipes PND
Most often for water supply in the country, PND pipes are low pressure polyethylene. They are attractive to what they can be assembled without any additional devices. Fittings for assembling PND water supply have threads and simply twist their hands.
PND pipes for water pipes are available in bays or segments (depends on diameter)
What is so good PND plastic pipes that they almost displaced metal? In addition to convenient installation, there are still a number of advantages:
- When complying with the rules of operation, the service life is 50 years. While this figure is not verified, but it is impressive.
- They do not rot, do not rust, racks for chemical environments.
- It can be operated at temperatures up to -60 ° C.
- When the water freezes, they do not burst into them - stretch, then after thawing, take the same dimensions.
- The inner surface is perfectly smooth. For water supply, it is important for two reasons: less pressure loss during transportation and on the walls will not accumulate sediments, they simply demolitions.
- With their help, make a plumbing in the country with their own hands very simple, just like making changes later.
- You can use PND pipes for the device of summer and winter water supply.
- Convenient assembly methods: welding or on compression (threaded) fittings.
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There are disadvantages, but there are few of them:
- Heating is poorly tolerated (except for cross-linked polyethylene pipes) because it is used only for transporting cold media;
- If compared with the metal, they have lower strength - it is impossible to walk on them.
PND pipes can be welded by a special apparatus, and can be connected using compression fittings. For the cottage water pipes, pieces, tees, adapters are connected using threaded connections. Although it seems such a connection is unreliable, it can withstand it much more than 2-4 atm, which you can create a maximum. The results of testing of compounds on threaded fittings, see the video. At the same time, turn their design and the principle of installation.
For water supply, PND pipes are suitable, on which blue lines are applied. They are designed for cold water. If the lines of yellow color are not used for water supply - they are intended for gas. Their composition has special additives that make water unsuitable.
There are several gradations for working pressure:
- L - lungs, withstand up to 2.5 atm;
- Sl - medium-lungs - up to 4 atm;
- C - average - up to 8 atm;
- T - heavy from 10 and higher.
For the installation of the outer (outdoor) water supply system in the country, the pipes of the Class C and Sl, 32 mm, 40 mm and 50 mm diameters are used. When choosing, you need to still decide on the density.
There are three more polyethylene stamps: PE 63, 80, 100. These numbers mean density. The more tight material, the stronger the product, but also above the price. For example, one mongon meter of 32 mm pipes from PE 80 costs from $ 4 (and more depending on the wall thickness). The same diameter, but from PE 100 already from $ 7 for the temporon meter.
Does high density need when a water supply device on the CHAKH? Maybe yes. Due to the highest density of the pipe wall make more subtle, which reduces their weight. If the water in the country is getting out of a well or well, the weight can be an important factor - there will be less problems with fixing the pipes lowered down.
PVC pipes
For water supply in the country, there are still PVC pipes - polyvinyl chloride. They cost cheaper than PNDs, connected with cold welding - on glue. The seam is obtained reliable - it takes pressure up to 12-16 atm, the lifetime declares the same: 50 years.
PVC pipes have a low price, but they cannot be scratching
Characteristics are a little worse than in low pressure polyethylene:
- Temperature mode of use from -15 ° C to + 45 ° C.
- Freezing does not like - elasticity decreases, the material becomes more brittle.
- Average sensitivity to ultraviolet.
The remaining pluses of plastic pipes are inherent in PVC in full:
- Easy installation, bend opportunity.
- Smoothness of the inner surface.
- Resistance to oxidation (non-rust) and chemical environments.
- Malogorch.
Disadvantages of dacha plastic water supply from PVC are as follows:
- The upper temperature limit + 45 ° C is briefly possible to + 65 ° C.
- It is difficult to dispose, because during decomposition it allocates volatile chlorides, harmful to health and the environment.
- When scratches appear on the surface of the pipe, its strength is significantly reduced. Therefore PVC pipes for open water supply laying in the country to use undesirable. With underground styling, a protective shell or laying in the sewage system is required.
Since scratches and cracks reduce reliability, threaded connections are impossible. When docking with metal pipes or equipment inputs, this is a big problem. And if the pipe wiring on the site is simple, the equipment is a major task. This disadvantage limits the use of this material for external water pipes, because PVC is more often used for internal wiring, where the risks of obtaining scratches are minimal. For more than more, they are used to lay the sewage.
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How to connect PVC pipes Look in the video. The connection is really reliable. This conclusion is based on personal experience: the apartment was collected by a comb of cold water. I stood about 10 years without any problems, until I had to redo all the wiring due to redevelopment.
Polypropylene (PPR)
Another material that can be used when laying the water supply in the country with your own hands - polypropylene tubes. They also belong to the discharge of plastics. There are for cold (with blue stripes) and hot water pipes, as well as for heating (with red stripes). Connect using soldering and couplings - there are special soldering iron, with which the plastic is heated on two parts, then they are connected. After a couple of minutes, the connection becomes monolithic. The soldering iron is not even necessary to buy (costs about 2-5 thousand rubles) - it is given to hire in the same stores where they sell pipes and fittings for polypropylene water pipes.
The lack of polypropylene pipes is essentially one - expensive fittings. For example, a phenomenon meter of a pipe for cold water supply 32 mm in diameter (wall thickness 3 mm) costs about $ 2, a coupling for connecting two segments of the same diameter of $ 1.2. Since the PPR tube does not bend, then everything is assembled using couplings, corners, etc. As a result, the water supply is not very cheap, but reliable. After all, not only household water pipelines are collected from this material, but also industrial routes.
Polypropylene pipes for cottage water pipes - good, reliable option
About drip irrigation systems and how to make them independently can be read in this article.
How to collect water pipes
Collecting plumbing in the country. You need to decide on what parts of the site you need a layout. The fact that water should be served in the house is clear. But besides the wiring of the water pipeline around the house, you need to heat the pipes to the key places of the site, put taps on them. If necessary, connect the hose if necessary and, shifting it with a place to a place or installing the sprayer, watering the nearby beds.
How to spend water into the house, read here, and how the water supply layout should be made on the summer site with your own hands, let's talk further. The most convenient to draw a plan on the scale. If you already have a garden, you easily determine where you need to deliver water. Waterproof points are better to do several: long hoses are inconvenient and hard to drag, and having the ability to connect somewhat simultaneously, with irrigation to handle faster.
The crane in the system should stand at the exit of the house and before the first branching
When drafting the scheme, do not forget about the need to install cranes on the highway: the cut after the removal is still in the house, and then, on the plot, before the first branch. The installation of cranes and further on the highway: so it will be possible in case of problems to turn off the emergency area.
Even if you equip the summer plumbing, you will need to drain the water from the pipes so that it does not break them off during freezing. For this, it is necessary in the lowest point of the drain crane. Then it will be possible to close the crane in the house, and drain all the water, securing the plumbing from damage in winter. This is not necessary if the pipes are calculated from polyethylene pipes (PND).
After drawing the scheme, consider the footage of pipes, draw and consider which fittings are needed - tees, corners, cranes, couplings, adapters, etc.
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To correctly calculate the material and make a proper wiring of the water supply in the country with your own hands, draw first a plan where you can count the footage and the number of fittings
Then you need to decide on the use mode. There are two options: summer and winter water supply. They differ in the depth to which the pipes are buried. If you have a dacha at all of you, then in the cottage itself it is necessary to lay insulated water supply or to dig it below the drainage depth. For the wiring of watering pipes in the country rationally use the summer version of the water supply. Winter you will need only if you have a greenhouse. Then the plot of water supply to the greenhouse will need to be equipped in a serious: dig a good ditch and lay insulated pipes.
Summer water pipe in the country
Depending on what pipes you will use, you can be left at the top, and you can put in shallow ditches. Installation of dacha water supply underground will take longer, but it is more reliable.
The surface wiring of the water supply for watering in the country is done quickly, but lying on the surface of the pipe can be damaged
Deciding whether you need trenches or not, and digs them if you choose the underground version, the pipes are stretched and decomposed on the site. So once again it is checked the correctness of the calculations. Then collect the system. Final Stage - Testing - Turn on the pump and check the quality of the joints.
Before starting the installation of the water pipeline in the country area of the pipes, lay out in the right places
Winter water supply is different from the target that the sites that will be operated in the cold season must be guaranteed to be protected from freezing. They can be put in a trench below the depth of freezing, and / or insulate, and / or warm with heating cables.
You can read about the organization of autopoliva here.
Autonomous water supply in the country
Since the light is often disconnected in the countryside, and any pump can only work if there is electricity, it would be nice to have a reserve water supply in case of shutdown. It can be a container installed in the attic or on a separate site. It is possible to pump water into it with a submersible pump from a well, well, rivers. And the pumping station will "pull" the water already from this tank.
Autonomous water supply system from tank. Approximate scheme with reserve water reserve in the tank
The water supply on the cottage from the tank is convenient because it is possible to collect rainwater, but you need a good filter system: first coarse cleaning, then a few pieces fine. And be sure to install the filter and the check valve at the entrance of the suction pipeline from the pumping station. Filter - for insurance - equipment is demanding about water quality, and the valve, so that when the pump is turned off, the water is not reset back.
The presence of a tank in the dacha tap system is good and for plants: in the summer, if it is installed on the street, the water will heat up. And it is known that plants, watered with warm water, grow more active and fruit better.
If you wish, you can organize a drip watering - from the pipes to collect a highway, in the right places insert the tees to which the hoses for drip irrigation are connected.
The drip irrigation system can be organized when you make a water supply on your own hands
This is how it looks schematically. Tank raise at least 1 meter. Download the water into it from the well, well, river. Its level is controlled by a float mechanism (such as those that stand in drain tanks). From the bottom of the tank there is a layout in beds. At first there is a solid water pipe, and dripped drip from the tee - with holes.
How to make a water supply in the country for watering from the barrel