The water supply of a private house is most often made from well and well. Pumps are used for automatic feed. Their type and performance are chosen depending on the water consumption and how much to be raised to it. Private water supply systems There are two types:
- with cumulative tank;
- With a hydroaccumulator.
For uninterrupted water supply of a private house with a stable pressure and water supply, a storage tank and a hydroaccumulator can be delivered. This is an option for those who appreciate comfort.
Cumulative
The basis of such a system is a water tank that is set at a considerable height. If there is a place, the tank is put in the attic, if not - you can build a special tower or install it on the roof of the neighboring structure. From the housekeeping the houses are diverted pipes, waterproofing water consumption.
Water supply system of a private house with a cumulative tank (from a well or well - no matter)
This system works like this:
- Water from the well or well pump is supplied to the container, its level is controlled by a float mechanism. When the threshold is reached, the pump is turned off.
- Due to the fact that the accumulative capacity is above all the points of water distribution, some pressure is created in the system. When opening the crane due to this pressure, water enters the distribution point.
- When a decrease in the water level in the container below a certain mark, the pump is turned on by adding water.
The water supply system of a private house or cottage with a cumulative tank is simple and inexpensive. But there are a number of serious shortcomings:
- With such a water supply organization, the pressure in the system is low, and also variables - depends on the water level in the tank and the number of open cranes. Because of this, no household appliances will work (automatic washing machine, electric water heater (boiler), dishwasher, autonomous heating system, etc.).
- If the automation failures, there is a real threat to flood the house with water transfusing through the edge. Danger can be reduced if there is a water drainage system. To do this, in the accumulative capacity, just above the required water level, the pipe is welded through which the excess flows through the level. You can take the pipe into the sewer or drainage system, and you can - in the garden. But you need some indication that the water in the tank is too much (the sound of the flowing water is also one of the signals).
- The container has solid sizes, and the place for it is not always easy for it. As an option - build a tower next to the house where the water tank is located.
If there is no technique at the cottage, it is possible to use such a water supply scheme. But in the house there is little such option to suit. It will be necessary to consider the following option.
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Scheme with hydroaccumulator and pumping station
This system water supply of a private house from a well and well provides stable pressure, so you can connect any technique. It also lies the pump, but it supplies water in the hydroaccumulator, and the automation system is controlled. If all these components are combined into one device - it is called a pumping station.
Water supply scheme of a private house with a hydroaccumulator
The hydroaccumulator for water supply is an iron tank separated by an elastic membrane (rubber) into two parts. In one part, the gas is injected under a certain pressure, water flows into the second. Filling the water tank, stretches the membrane, squeezing the gas even more, because of which the system is created.
The principle of operation of the water supply system with a hydroaccumulator is:
- The pump turns on, pumps water, creating a given pressure in the system. It is controlled by sensors. There are two of them: the upper and lower pressure threshold. When the top threshold is reached, the sensor disables the pump.
- When operating the crane or water flow, the technique occurs a gradual decrease in pressure in the system. When the bottom threshold is reached, the second sensor gives a command to turn on the pump. Water served again, aligning it.
Such an autonomous water supply system gives a higher level of comfort. But for its organization requires more funds: a pumping station and a hydroaccumulator are quite expensive devices. In addition, this equipment is more demanding about water quality (minimum impurities) for which a good filter should stand. There are requirements and to the pipeline (smooth inner walls) and to pump performance: water must be allowed constantly, without interruptions. When used as a water source, it should have a good debit (water should come quickly), which is not always possible. Because such schemes are more often implemented with wells.
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Water supply of a private house from well and well: pipe laying
Any of the described water supply schemes of the private house is implemented using a pump feeding to the house. In this case, a pipeline connecting a well or a well with a pumping station or a storage tank should be cooked. There are two options for laying pipes - only for summer use or for all-season (winter).
The portion of the horizontal tube may be or below the depth of the fruit of the soil or it must be insulated
When the summer water supply device (for the cottage), the pipes can be stacked on top or in shallow dials. At the same time, you must not forget at the lowest point to make a crane - merge water before winter so that the frozen water does not break the system in the frost. Or make a collapsible system - from pipes that can be rolling on the threaded fittings - and this is the PND pipes. Then in the fall, everything can be disassembled, twisted and put on storage. In the spring, everything is returned.
Laying water supply pipes for winter use requires high time, forces and money. Even in the most severe frosts, they should not freeze. And solutions two:
- lay them below the depth of the fruit of the soil;
- Skip shallow, but be sure to heat or insulate (and it is also possible.
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Deep stock
Deep to bury the plumbing pipes, it makes sense if it freezes no more than 1.8 m. Digging will have another 20 cm deeper, and then put on the bottom of the sand in which the pipes in the protective sheath: they will be subject to solid load, because from above Almost two-meter layer of soil. Previously, asbestos pipes used as a protective shell. Today there are still plastic drawing. It is cheaper and easier, it is easier to lay pipes into it and give the right shape.
When laying a pipeline below, the depth of the freezing has to dig a deep trench long for the entire track. But the water supply of a private house from the well and the well will not be seen in winter
Although a similar method requires high labor costs, it is used because it is reliable. In any case, the plot of water supply between the well or well and the house is trying to put precisely below the drainage depth. The pipe is displayed through the wall of the well below the depth of the fruit of the soil and in the trench lead under the house, they are raised above. The most problematic place is to exit the ground to the house, you can additionally warm the electric heating cable. It works in automatic mode. Supporting the desired heating temperature - works only if the temperature is lower than specified.
When used as a source of water, the well and pumping station are installed caisson. It is buried below the depth of the ground freezing, there are equipment in it - the pumping station. The casing is cut off so that it is higher than the bottom of the caisson, and the pipeline is removed through the wall of the caisson, also below the drainage depth.
Laying water supply pipes in a private house from a well when device of Kesson
Swipped in the ground plumbing is difficult to repair: you have to fight. Therefore, try to lay a solid tube without junctions and welds: they give the most problems.
Close to the surface
With a shallow embezzlement of earthworks less, but in this case it makes sense to make a full-fledged route: put the trench with bricks, thin concrete slabs, etc. At the construction stage, considerable, but the operation is convenient, repair and modernization - without problems.In this case, the water supply pipes of the private house from the well and the well rose to the level of the trench and are outlined there. They are stacked in thermal insulation preventing their freezing. For insurance, they can also be warm - to use heating cables.
One Practical Council: If the power supply cable goes from the submersible or well pump to the house, it can be stubcounted in a protective sheath of PVC or other material, and then attach to the pipe. Fasten through each meter of Kukotchi. So you will be sure that the electrical part is in your safety, the cable will not fail and does not break: in the loads of the soil, the load will be on the pipe, and not on the cable.
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Sealing entrance to the well
When organizing the water supply of a private house from the well with your own hands, pay attention to the sealing of the site of the water pipe out of the mine. It is from here most often a dirty rode ship falls inside.
IMPORTANT The output of the plumbing pipe is their home shaft to seal well
If the hole in the wall of the mine is slightly larger than the diameter of the pipe, the slot can be sealed. If the clearance is large, it is lubricated with the solution, and after drying, the waterproofing composition is labeled (bitumen impregnation, for example or composition based on cement). Loose preferably outside and from the inside.
What consists of
The source of water and entering it into the house is not the whole water supply system. We need more filters. The first, coarse filtering occurs at the suction point. In this form, it can be used for technical purposes, for example, to make it in the toilet. But even for watering, crude water can be served far from every case, but in a shower or in the kitchen - especially. Therefore, the water supply of a private house from the well and well includes a system of filters.
Water supply plan for private house
Please note: there are three filtering steps in the figure:
- on the suction tube - a strainer;
- Before entering the pump - a coarse filter;
- Before serving in the house - a fine filter.
Each of the steps filter (or filters) is selected depending on the water. Its quality is determined in the laboratory. Based on the chemical composition and selected equipment for cleaning.
Autonomous water supply
All are good systems with pumping stations, in addition to the moment that electricity is required to work. There is a stock of water, but it is equal to the volume of the hydroaccumulator, and it is not more than 100 liters. There is no such quantity for a long time. If you need a reserve reserve at least for a day or more, it is best to download the water first into a cumulative tank, and from it to serve on the pump station input. The same system works well in the event that your home is connected to a centralized water supply, but it is very low or water in it by the clock.
How to collect autonomous water supply of a private house with your own hands
In the picture presented in the photo, there is only an emergency overflow. This pipeline coming out of the accumulative tank is slightly higher than the maximum water level. It is displayed in the sewer. Over it flows out excess water in case of malfunction with the float mechanism. If you do not install it, you can pour a house.
If you need to reserve water supply of a private house in case of power outage, the drive must be installed at the top, above all points of water intake. Then, when the electrician is disconnected, the water will be supplied in the pipe. You can't accept the shower, but it will be in the cranes. It will be uninterrupted water supply of a private house in any conditions.