In order for the pump not to be turned on, each time the faucet opens, the hydroaccumulator is installed in the system. It contains some volume of water sufficient for a small flow. This allows you to practically get rid of short-term inclusions of the pump. Installation of the hydroaccumulator is simple, but a certain number of devices will be required - at least a pressure switch, and it is also desirable to have a pressure gauge and air vent.
Functions, appointment, types
Place of installation - in the pit or in the house
In the water supply system of a private house without a hydroaccumulator, the pump turns on every time the water consumption is somewhere. These frequent inclusions lead to equipment wear. And not only the pump, but also the entire system as a whole. After all, each time there is a jump-like increase in pressure, and this is hydrate. To reduce the amount of pump turning on and smooth down the hydro-groceries use a hydroaccumulator. This device is called an expansion or membrane tank, hydrobac.
Purpose
One of the functions of hydroaccumulators - we figured out the hydraulic shoes. But there are others:
- Reducing the number of pump inclusions. The tank has some amount of water. With a small flow rate - wash your hands, it is necessary to die - water flows from the tank, the pump does not turn on. It is included only when it remains quite a bit.
- Maintain stable pressure. For this feature, another element is needed - water pressure switch, but the pressure is maintained in the required framework.
- Create a small supply of water in case of absence of electricity.
Installing the hydroaccumulator in the pit
It is not surprising that in most of the systems of private water supply, this device is present - pluses from its use.
Views
The hydroaccumulator is a tank made of leaf metal divided into two parts of an elastic membrane. The membrane is two species - aperture and cylinder (pears). The diaphragm is attached across the tank, the cylinder in the form of pears is fixed at the inlet around the inlet nozzle.
By appointment, they are three species:
- for cold water;
- for hot water;
- For heating systems.
The heating hydraulic panels are painted in red, tanks for water pipes are painted in blue. Expansion tanks for heating are usually smaller sizes and a lower price. This is due to the membrane material - it should be neutral for water supply, because the water in the drinking pipeline.
Two types of hydroaccumulators
By type of location, hydroaccumulators are horizontal and vertical. Vertical are equipped with legs, some models have plates for hanging on the wall. It is the stretched-up models more often using the private house of the private house water supply systems - they take less space. Connecting the hydroaccumulator of this type is standard - through an output of 1 inch.
Horizontal models typically complete pumping stations with surface type pumps. Then the pump is placed on top of the tank. It turns out compact.
Principle of operation
Radial membranes (in the form of a plate) are used mainly in hyroaccumulators for heating systems. For water supply, a rubber pear is installed mainly inside. How does such a system work? While there is only air, the pressure inside is regular is the one that is exhibited at the plant (1.5 atm) or which you exhibited yourself. The pump is turned on, starts to download water into the tank, the pear begins to increase in size. Water gradually fills the increasing volume, more and more compressing the air, which is between the wall of the tank and the membrane. When a certain pressure is reached (usually for one-storey houses, it is 2.8 - 3 atm) the pump is turned off, the pressure in the system is stabilized. When the crane is opened or other water flow, it comes from the hydroaccumulator. It flows until the pressure fell below a certain mark in the tank (usually about 1.6-1.8 atm). After that, the pump turns on, the cycle is repeated again.
Principle of operation of the gyroactor with a membrane in the form of a pear
If the flow is large and permanent - you dial the bathroom, for example, the pump shakes the water with a transit without pumping it into the tank. The tank begins to closer after all the cranes are closed.
For the inclusion and disconnection of the pump at a certain pressure corresponds to the water pressure relay. In most schemes of the hydroaccumulator, this device is present - such a system works in optimal mode. Connecting the hydroaccumulator Consider just below, but for now let's talk about the tank itself and its parameters.
Big volumes
The inner structure of hydroaccumulators with a volume of 100 liters and is slightly different. Pear is different - it is attached to the body and at the top and bottom. With such a structure, it becomes possible to fight air, which is present in water. To do this, at the top there is a way out in which the valve can be connected to automatically reset.
Large hydroaccumulator structure
How to choose the volume of the tank
Tank volume choose arbitrarily. No requirements or restrictions. The larger the volume of the tank, the greater the stock of the water you will have in case of shutdown and the less the pump will be turned on.
When choosing the volume it is worth remembering that the volume that stands in the passport is the size of the entire capacity. Water in it will be almost half less. The second that should be borne in mind is the overall size of the container. A 100 liter tank is a decent such barrel - about 850 mm high and 450 mm in diameter. For her and strapping it will be necessary to find a place somewhere. Somewhere is indoors where the pipe from the pump comes. There are usually all the equipment.
Volume is chosen based on the average flow
If you choose the volume of the hydroaccumulator you need at least some kind of guidelines, count the average consumption from each water-based point (there are special tables or can be viewed in the passport to household appliances). All this data is summarized. Get a possible consumption if all consumers will simultaneously work. Then count how many and how simultaneously devices can work, count how much water will go in the moment. Most likely, by this time you will come to some decision.
To make it a bit simpler, let's say that the volume of the hydraulic pack of 25 liters is enough to ensure the needs of two people. It will ensure the normal functioning of a very small system: a crane, toilet, washing and a small water heater. If there are other household appliances, the container must be increased. The good news is that if you decide that the available reservoir is not enough for you, you can always install additional.
What should be the pressure in the hydroaccumulator
In one part of the hydroacmulator, there is a compressed air, water is injected into the second. Air in the tank is under pressure - factory settings - 1.5 atm. This pressure does not depend on the volume - and on the tank of a capacity of 24 liters and in 150 liters it is the same. More or less can be the maximum allowable maximum pressure, but it depends not on the volume, but from the membrane and is indicated in the specifications.
Design of the hydroaccumulator (image of flanges)
Preliminary check and pressure correction
Before connecting the hydroaccumulator, the pressure in it is preferably in it. This indicator depends on the pressure relay settings, and during transportation and storage the pressure could fall, so that the control is very desirable. You can control the pressure in the guide using a pressure gauge connected to a special input at the top of the tank (container from 100 liters and more) or installed in its lower part as one of the parts of the strapping. Temporarily, for control, you can connect a car pressure gauge. His error is usually small and work comfortably. If this is not, you can use a regular for water pipes, but they are usually not different accuracy.
Connect the manometer to nippel
If necessary, the pressure in the hydroaccumulator can be increased or decreased. For this, there is nipple at the top of the tank. Through the nipple, a car or cycling pump is connected and the pressure increases if necessary. If it is necessary to make it, some subtle subject flexion nipple valve, releasing air.
What air pressure should be
So should there be pressure in the hydroaccumulator? For normal operation of household appliances, pressure is 1.4-2.8 atm. To the tank membrane does not rush, the pressure in the system should be slightly more tank pressure - by 0.1-0.2 atm. If the pressure is 1.5 atm in the tank, the pressure in the system should not be lower than 1.6 atm. This value is exposed on a water pressure switch, which works in a pair with a hydroaccumulator. These are the optimal settings for a small one-storey house.
If the house is two-story, pressure will have to raise. There is a formula for calculating pressure in a hydraulicular:
VATM. = (Hmax + 6) / 10
Where Hmax is the height of the highest point of water treatment. Most often it is a shower. Measure (calculate) at what height relative to the hydroaccumulator is its watering can, substitute in the formula, get the pressure that should be in the tank.
Connecting the hydroaccumulator to the surface pump
If the house is installed jacuzzi, everything is more complicated. We will have to select the experimental way - changing the settings of the relay and watching the operation of the points of water-based and home appliances. But at the same time, the working pressure should not be more maximum permissible for other household appliances and plumbing devices (indicated in specifications).
How to choose
The main working body of the hydraulician - membrane. The life of its service depends on the quality of the material. The best today are membranes from isobutized rubber (it is also called food). The case material has the value of the Tolko in the tanks of the membrane type. In those in which the "pear" is installed, water contacts only with rubber and the material of the body does not have.
The flange should be from thick galvanized steel, but better - from stainless steel
What is really important in tanks with "pears" is a flange. Usually it is made of galvanized metal. In this case, the thickness of the metal is important. If it is only 1 mm, after a year and a half of operation in the metal flange, a hole will appear, the tank will lose tightness and the system stops working. And the warranty is just a year, at least the stated service life - 10-15 years. Flange to deteriorate usually after the end of the warranty period. To brew it there is no possibility - very thin metal. You have to look for new flange in service centers or buy a new tank.
So, if you want a hydroaccumulator to serve for a long time, look for a flange of thick galvanizing or thin, but stainless steel.
Connecting the hydroaccumulator to the system
Usually the water supply system of a private house consists of:
- pump;
- hydroaccumulator;
- pressure switch;
- check valve.
Connection diagram hydroaccumulator
In this scheme, there may still be a pressure gauge - for operational pressure control, but this device is not necessary. It can be periodically connected - for test measurements.
With a posterior fitting or without
If the surface type pump, the hydroaccumulator is usually set near it. In this case, the check valve is put on the suction pipeline, and all other devices are installed in one bundle. They are usually connected using a posterior fitting.
Pythyoded fitting for strapping hydroaccumulator
It has conclusions with different diameters, just under the device used for the strapping of the device. Therefore, the system is most often assembled on its basis. But this item is not at all necessary and can be connected to everything using ordinary fittings and pieces of pipes, but this is a more laborious occupation, and there will be more compounds.
How to connect a hydroaccumulator to a well - a diagram without a positive fitting
One of its inch output is cooled to the tank - the nozzle is located at the bottom. A pressure and pressure gauge is connected to the 1/4 inch outputs. The tube from the pump and the wiring to consumers is connected to the remaining free inch conclusions. That's all the connection of the gyroactor to the pump. If you collect a water supply scheme with a surface pump, you can use a flexible hose in a metal winding (with inch fittings) - it is easier to work with it.
A visual connection of the pump and the hydroaccumulator - where you need to use hoses or pipes.
As usual, several options, choose to you.
Connect the hydroaccumulator to the submersible pump in exactly as well. The whole difference in where the pump is installed and where the power supply is supplied, but it is not related to the installation of the hydroaccumulator. It puts in the place where pipes from the pump come. Connection is one to one (see the diagram).
Connection Scheme Hydroaccumulator to Submersible Pump
How to install two hydraulic panels for one pump
When operating the system, the owners come to the conclusion that the existing volume of the hydroaccumulator is not enough. In this case, you can in parallel to install the second (third, fourth, etc.) of the hydraulicum of any volume.
Connecting multiple hydrabs in one system
It is not necessary to reconfigure the system, the relay will monitor the pressure in the tank, on which it is installed, and the viability of such a system is much higher. After all, if the first hydroacumor is damaged, the second will work. There is another positive moment - two tanks of 50 liters are less than one per 100. The case in a more complex production technology of large-sized tanks. So it is also economically more profitable.
How to connect the second hydroaccumulator to the system? On the entry of the first to turn the tee, to one free output to connect the entrance from the pump (Pythyoded fitting), to the remaining free - the second container. Everything. You can test the scheme.
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