If we compare water heating with standard heaters and convectors, then the warm floor has a number of indisputable advantage-intensive floor - this is a reliable and verified heating system. She was known in ancient Rome, and even in the Crimea, such a floor was popular in the XV century as a warm floor in the baths of the Crimean Khanate. But these convenience for many centuries forgotten. And only today, such heating has become popular again.
Where the water warm floor is in demand do it yourself
First, we'll figure it out, which is a water floor - there can be different types - electric water floor, ordinary (boiler and pipes). Where are the water warm floors are used in our days and for what?
Warm water floor is mounted on a stable and durable base, which can be concrete slab or soil
Such floors are especially in demand when heating:
- Private houses;
- Mansions;
- Pools;
- Sauna;
- For heating floors in apartments on the first floor;
- Stores;
- Hotels;
- Sports facilities;
- Driveway;
- Ramps;
- And even used in the synthetia system during the construction of the runway in the airfields.
These 2 systems can be connected to both autonomous heat heating systems and a centralized heating system. The electrical option has a coolant - hot water, passing along the pipes under the floor, heats up all over the pipe, by means of a heating element that is attached to the pipe in the form of an electrical cable.
A good system, but it is complicated in operation and on its installation, it is difficult to get permission, especially if it comes to apartments on the first floor.
Most often, both during the construction of a house or apartment and during the repair or reconstruction of the dwelling, use a simpler and understandable second system. Ordinary or classical system, what does it represent? This is a gasket of pipes passing under the floor where hot water is used as a coolant. Water, passing through the pipes, is cooled, thus hanging the room. Water returns to the boiler (gas or electric), heats up and enters the pipes under the floor.
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Installation of different types of water heating floor
The classic system is universal. Installation can be made with your own hands, both during the construction of the room and during repair. The classic system is especially good when reconstructing old houses and heating systems. There is still a modular or robes type. The system is mounted on wooden lags, and the thermal insulation is placed between lags.
The warm floor can be arranged with the pipes, which flows the coolant (usually water) or created on the basis of electrical cables.
Pipes should be:
- From metal plastic;
- Polyethylene;
- Copper.
These pipes are good and convenient for laying by the fact that they are not subject to corrosion and thus the inner diameter of the pipe during operation does not change. There are 2 types of thermal insulation - concrete coating and polystyrene coating.
Concrete coating, this is when the pipes are filled with concrete or cement screed - the easiest and most popular method.
The polystyrene coating is a coating is a polystyrene slab with recesses where metal plates and plastic heating pipes are placed. These plates have a thickness of 12 to 30 mm.
Scheme of proper laying of warm water floor
There is one rule, for all pipe laying schemes - the installation of pipes must be started from the walls and move to the center of the room, and then lead the pipe to the outlet of the room. The laying of heating pipes is very important for heat saving.
The advantage of the snake is the simplicity of laying. The pipe is laying consistently moving by a zigzag from one wall to the opposite
Styling schemes:
- Snake;
- Snail;
- Combined installation.
It is necessary to consider all 3 heat installation schemes. Snake - pipes go around the perimeter of the room near the walls, and then from one of the walls (this is most likely the wall internal, warmer) returns the wave back.
This scheme is especially working well in small areas.
Snail - pipes repeat the perimeter of the room and each circle narrows, approaching the center. Especially, this scheme will apply for rooms with 2 outer walls (angular room) or a room located on the northern or east side. The combined scheme combines the first and second scheme. But in any case, it is necessary to make a detailed drawing of the layout of pipes in the room.
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System and stages of mounting warm water floor
Technology under the concrete tie is the simplest. The first thing you need to do is clean the floor from old flooring, cementing all cracks and potholes.
Any work begins with the preparation of the workplace plan and preparation.
Thermal water floor installation system:
- Cleaning and aligning roughing;
- Waterproofing;
- Device of edge insulation around the perimeter of the room;
- Thermal insulation;
- Reinforcement;
- Installation of heating pipes;
- Attaching heating pipes to the boiler;
- Test;
- Filling the floor with concrete or cement screed;
- Break - 1 month;
- Soundproofing device;
- Decorative sexual coating.
It is also necessary to check the floor level if the difference is up to 1 cm, you can not pay attention to it, but if the difference is more than 2 cm, then it is necessary to align the floor with a cement screed, and to give a minimum of 2 weeks of the surface to dry. Next, it is necessary to make waterproofing the floor in case of a leakage of hot water from pipes.
To do this, it is necessary to put a polyethylene film along the entire surface of the floor and copp with a scotch.
On the perimeter of the room, make the edge insulation by the damper ribbon to the height of the intended floor. Thermal insulation is the next step of actions. The insulation must be paved throughout the room, the minimum thickness of the insulation is about 2-5 cm. Next, reinforcement should be carried out over the entire surface of the room. To do this, you need a purchased reinforcement grid with cells 16-21 cm. It is to this grid and the heating pipes will be attached, because they are perfectly bent. The pipe wiring is attached using special plastic strings or clips (TRAC).
Tools for mounting water warm floor with their own hands
First consider the technology of the installation of pipes, if there is no other heating. How to make flooring with heating, and what materials need when working?
For laying warm water floor, you need not so much tools.
Tools required for installation:
- Capacity for cement mortar;
- Several metal spatulas;
- Screwdriver;
- Knife;
- Special plastic strips - truck;
- Special plastic clips for fastening pipes;
- Special tape for waterproofing film;
- Level (big).
We mount the warm water floor under the concrete tie in case this is a single heat source in the room. When laying metal-plastic pipes of heating on the reinforcing grid, it is necessary to lay them in 15-20 cm increments.
If the warm floor in the room is only an additional heat source, then the pitch laying step increases to 30 cm.
Fasten the pipes to the grid with clips, while the mount should be in step up to 1 m, or when turning. You can mount the metal-plastic pipe to the grid using special fixing slats (truck) or special plastic strings. But, in fact, you can learn about the fastening of heating pipes to the metal grid from specialists or sellers in specialized stores.
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Warm floor in context in drawing
The warm floor in the context is needed for a detailed acquaintance with the device and design. In these drawings, the ceiling plate, waterproofing, edge insulation around the room perimeter, thermal insulation, reinforced metal mesh, metal-plastic heating pipes, cement screed, sound insulation, decorative sexual coating.
In accordance with the reduced drawing, the total thickness of the floor from the slab overlap to the "finishing" surface is 120 mm
If the laying of pipes goes to reinforcement, then the pipes are strengthened directly to the base of the floor. Here it is necessary to remember that the length of one contour is approximately 70-80 m. Approximate calculation - by 10 m2 of area takes 67 m heating pipes.
After mounting the pipes, they are attached using collectors to the boiler. Then heated from the electrocotel, and check the entire system for several hours. If the tests have passed successfully, you need to turn off and leave the system so that it is cooled. Next, you can begin to fill the floor with concrete or cement mortar, and only after 1 month the screed is considered ready. It is impossible to dry it - the concrete will come into disrepair. After that, you can put a layer of soundproofer and further fill the decorative flooring - a special laminate, ceramic tile, porcelain stoneware.
What is a water heated floor (video)
Water thermal floor is an excellent alternative to centralized heating, because residents having heated floors do not need to be waiting for heating in a high-rise building. To do this, you only need to turn on the boiler and open the valve - and in the apartment is already warm.