To connect to the onboard electrical system of the car, household devices require an inverter, which can increase the voltage from 12 V to 220 V. on the shelves of stores they are in sufficient quantities, but does not please their price. For those who are a little familiar with electrical engineering there is an opportunity to assemble a voltage converter 12,220 volts with their own hands. Two simple schemes we will analyze.
Converters and their types
There are three types of converters 12-220 V. First - from 12 V 220 V. Such inverters are popular with motorists: the standard devices can be connected through them - TVs, vacuum cleaners, etc. Reverse transformation - out of 220 V 12 - it is necessary to be infrequently required, usually in rooms with severe operating conditions (increased humidity) to provide electrical safety. For example, in parilots, pools or bathrooms. In order not to risk, the standard voltage in 220 B is lowered to 12 using the appropriate equipment.
Voltage converters are in sufficient quantities in stores
The third option is rather a stabilizer based on two converters. First, the standard 220 V is converted to 12 V, then back to 220 V. Such a double transformation allows you to have an ideal sinusoid at the output. Such devices are necessary for the normal operation of most home appliances with electronic control. In any case, when installing a gas boiler, it is strongly advised to power it through such a converter - its electronics is very sensitive to the quality of nutrition, and the management of the control board is approximately as half a boiler.
Pulse converter 12-220V 300 W
This scheme is simple, details are available, most of them can be removed from the power supply for a computer or buy in any radiotechnical store. The advantage of the scheme is the simplicity of implementation, the disadvantage is a nonideal sinusoid at the outlet and the frequency above the standard 50 Hz. That is, it is impossible to connect devices that are demanding power supply to this converter. You can directly connect non-historical devices to the output - incandescent lamps, iron, soldering iron, charging from the phone, etc.
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The diagram presented in normal mode gives 1.5 A or pulls the load of 300 W, a maximum of 2.5 A, but in this mode, transistors will be tangible.
Voltage converter 12 220 V: SCHM-controller-based converter circuit
A scheme was built on the popular TLT494 Plide Controller. Field transistors Q1 Q2 should be placed on radiators, desirable - separate. When installing on one radiator, under the transistors to lay an insulating gasket. Instead of the IRFZ244 specified on the IRFZ244 scheme, you can use the following IRFZ46 or RFZ48.
The frequency in this converter 12 V to 220 V is set by the resistor R1 and the capacitor C2. Ratings may differ slightly on the scheme. If you have an old non-working reader for a computer, and in it is a working output transformer, you can put it into the scheme. If the transformer is non-working, remove the ferrite ring from it and wind the windings with a copper wire with a diameter of 0.6 mm. First, the primary winding is winding - 10 turns with an output from the middle, then, on top - 80 turns of the secondary.
As already talked, such a voltage converter 12-220 in can only work with a load, insensitive to the quality of nutrition. To have the ability to connect more demanding devices, the rectifier is installed at the output, at the output of which the voltage is close to normal (diagram below).
To improve the output characteristics, add a rectifier
The diagram shows high-frequency HER307 type diodes, but they can be replaced with the FR207 or FR107 series. Capacities It is desirable to choose the specified value.
Inverter on the microchem
This voltage converter 12 220 V is assembled based on a specialized chip KR1211EU1. This is an impulse generator that is removed from the exits 6 and 4. Anti-phase pulses, between them a small time interval - to eliminate the simultaneous opening of both keys. It feeds on a 9.5 V stress chip, which is specified by the parametric stabilizer on Stabilitron D814B.
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Also in the diagram there are two field transistors of high power - IRL2505 (VT1 and VT2). They have a very low resistance of the open output channel - about 0.008 ohms, which is comparable to the resistance of the mechanical key. Permissible constant current - up to 104 A, pulsed - up to 360 A. Similar characteristics actually allow to obtain 220 V with load up to 400 W. Installing transistors is necessary for radiators (with power up to 200 W, it can be without them).
Rapid voltage converter 12-220 in
The pulse frequency depends on the parameters of the resistor R1 and the C1 condenser, the C6 condenser is installed at the output to suppress high-frequency emissions.
The transformer is better to take ready. In the diagram, it turns on the opposite - the low-voltage secondary winding serves as the primary, and the voltage is removed from the high-voltage secondary.
Possible replacements in the element database:
- The D814V stabilitron indicated in the scheme can be replaced by any, outstanding 8-10 V. For example, COP 182, COP 191, CS 210.
- If there are no C4 and C5 capacitors of the K50-35 type per 1000 μF, you can take four 5000 μF or 4700 μF and turn them in parallel,
- Instead of imported C3 220m capacitor, you can put a domestic type by 100-500 μF and voltage not lower than 10 V.
- Transformer - any with a power of 10 W to 1000 W, but its power must be at least twice the planned load.
When installing the transformer connection circuits, transistors and connecting to the source 12 V, it is necessary to use a large cross-section wires - current here can reach high values (with a capacity of 400 W to 40 A).
Inverter with pure sine and outlet
The diagrams of the transducers are complex even for experienced radio amateurs, so it is not easy to make them with their own hands. An example of the simplest scheme below.
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12 200 inverter scheme with clean outlet sine
In this case it is easier to collect a similar converter from the finished boards. How - look in the video.
In the next video, it is told how to collect a 220 volt converter with a clean sine. Only the input voltage is not 12 V, and 24 V.
And in this video just described how you can change the input voltage, but to get the required 220 V.