The current electricity prices are forced to think about saving where it did not even think about it before. For example, lighting on the stairs. It doesn't matter, in a private or high-rise building, you still need to pay. Previously, they just left the light burn. Today you think about it to turn off, but run up / down too. It turns out there is a solution. So that the light does not burn constantly, there are lamp control schemes from several places. That is, one or more luminaires can turn on and off from several points. Switches for this need special. They are called passing. Sometimes there are "duplicate" or "firing" names. All this is one type of electrical equipment. Differ from the usual large numbers of contacts. Accordingly, the circuit of connecting the passage switch is more complicated. However, you can figure it out.
What does the pass-through switch look like
If we talk about the front side, then the only difference: barely noticeable arrow on the key up and down.
What looks like a donkey switch. See, there are double arrow
If we talk about the electrical circuit, everything is also simple: in conventional switches only two contacts, in the passages (still called flipping) three contacts, two of which are common. There are always two or more such devices in the diagram, then with the help of these general wires, they are switched.
Difference - in the number of contacts
The principle of operation is simple. By changing the position of the key, the input is connected to one out of the outputs. That is, these devices have only two working positions:
- The input is connected to the output 1;
- The input is connected to the output 2.
There are no other intermediate positions. Thanks to this, everything works. Since the contact switches from one position to another, electricians believe that it is more correct to call "switches". So the passage switch is also this device.
In order not to rely on the presence or absence of arrows on the keys, you need to inspect the contact part. On corporate products, a scheme should be applied, which allows you to understand what type of equipment in your hands. She is definitely on the products of LEZARD (Lesard), Legrand (Legrand), Viko (Vico). In Chinese copies, they are often absent.
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This looks like a shifting switch from the rear.
If there is no such scheme, look at the terminals (copper contacts in the holes): there should be three. But not always on inexpensive instances of that Termina, which costs one thing is the entrance. Often they are confused. To find where there is a common contact, it is necessary to call the contacts with each other at different positions of the key. It is necessary to do this, otherwise it will not work anything, and the device itself can burn.
You need a tester or multimeter. If there is a multimeter, translate it into sound mode - it is bursting in the presence of contact. If in the presence of the arrow tester, nicknamed a short circuit. Put the dipstick on one of the contacts, find with which of the two it is ringing (the device the beys or the arrow shows the KZ - deflects to the right until it stops). Without changing the position of the probe, change the position of the key. If KZ is gone, one of these two is common. Now it remains to check which. Do not switch the key to move one of the probes to another contact. If there is a KZ, then the contact with which the dipstick did not move and there is a common (this is the input).
May be clearer if you look at the video on how to find the input (common contact) for the passing switch.
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Connection diagram of the passage switch from two places
This scheme is convenient in a two-story house on the stairs, in the passage room, in a long corridor. You can apply it in the bedroom - turn off the top light at the entrance and near the bed (how many times have you had to get it on to turn on / off?).
Electrical switching circuit switching switch with 2 seats
Zero and the Earth (if any) come immediately to the lamp. The phase is fed to the output of the first switch, the second input will start on the free wire of the lamp, the outputs of the two devices are connected to each other.
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Looking at this scheme, it is easy to understand how the passage switch works. In the position, that in the picture, the lamp is included. By pressing any of the devices, the chain is tearing. Similarly, when the position is turned off, translating any of them to another position we close the chain through one of the jumpers and the lamp will light up.
To be clearer, what and with what to connect, how to lay the wires, we give multiple images.
Cutting the wires on the passage switch
If we talk about the room, then you need to lay the wires as like the photo below. According to modern rules, all of them must be at a distance of 15 cm from the ceiling. They can fit into assembly cores or trays, the ends of the wires are reached in the mounting boxes. It is convenient: if necessary, you can replace the punched wire. Also, according to the latest standards, all connections occur only in mounting boxes and with the help of contactors. If you make a twist, then it is better to drink them, and it is pretty cool from above with a tape.
The lamp return wire is connected to the output of the second switch. White indicates the wires connecting the outputs of both devices.
How the wires are bred by the room
How to connect everything in the terminal box told in the video.
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Scheme for 3 points
To be able to enable / disable light from three places, you need to buy a cross (cross) switch to two switches. From the previously described, it is distinguished by the presence of two inputs and two outputs. It switches immediately a couple of contacts. How everything should be organized, look in the picture. If you figured out that above, it's easy to understand.
Electric lamp control circuit with three points
How to assemble such a scheme? Here is the procedure:
- Zero (and grounding, if any) start at the lamp immediately.
- The phase is connected to the input of one of the passing switches (with three inputs).
- The second input is fed to the free wire of the lamp.
- Two outputs of one three-pin device are reached on the cross-switch input (with four inputs).
- Two outputs of the second three-pin device are triggered onto the second pair of switch contacts with four inputs.
The same scheme, but already in another perspective - where to connect the wires on the housings.
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Where to connect wires
But it is approximately so breeding around the room.
Wiring when controlling a lamp of three places
If you need a circuit for four, five and more points, it differs only by the number of cross-switches (for four inputs / output). Switches (with three inputs / outputs) are always in any diagram two - at the very beginning and at the very end of the chain. All other elements are cross-devices.
Connection diagram of passing switches for 5 points
Remove one "crossroads", get a control circuit of four points. Add also - will already have a scheme for 6 control places.
To finally put everything in my head, see more video.
About the rules of connecting wires in the junction box, read here.
Two-block passage switch: connection scheme
To control the lighting of two lamps (or groups of lamps) from one switch from a single switch, there are two-block passing switches. They have six contacts. If necessary, the general wires find on the same principle, as in the usual device of this type, only a larger amount of wires will have to be neglected.
The connection diagram of a 2-key passage switch differs only by the fact that the wires will be larger: the phase must be fed to both inputs of the first switch, as well as from two second inputs should go into two lamps (or two groups of lamps, if it comes to the Mold ).
Principle of connecting two-vector passing switches
If you need to organize control of two light sources from three or more points, you will have to install two cross-switch at each point: they are simply no two-blocks. In this case, one pair of contacts will start for one crosshead, the second one - to another. And further, if necessary, they are connected to each other. On the last in the chain, the two-block transition switch is connected to the outputs of both cross-section.
How to organize control of two lamps of four beds
If you think about it, everything is not so difficult, and the diagram of connecting the passage switch of 2 points is generally simple. Only wires a lot ...