There are, of course, and other ways to align the walls, but a little later. In this article, we will deal with how to install beacons using the profile level and rails for proper plastering and alignment of the walls before laying ceramic tiles. This way although it requires a certain skill, but it is fast enough.
For example, take the installation of lighthouses in the kitchen. The basis will be naked brick walls, of which two smooth (front and left), and two problematic - with pipes and heating risers, through which, too, somehow you need to pave plaster.
What are the lighthouses for the walls?
Lighthouses for plaster are two sizes - 6 and 10 mm thick (six and tens). For the plaster walls with a thin layer or in the case when the beacon after the work performed is removed from the wall, 6 mm thick is used. This option applies when the walls are prepared under painting or under the pasting wallpaper. Lighthouses are covered with rust with time, which appears through the paint or wallpaper, and the new repairs are provided.In the case of preparation of a wall for masonry of ceramic tiles, 10 mm thick beacons are used, which is not necessary. Such lighthouses are more resistant against deformation, very simply installed.
Chinese beacons manufacturers perfectly focus at the height of our walls, which mainly amount to 2500 mm, therefore they produce them between 2500 and 3000 mm. Long.
Preparatory work
To determine how many beacons are required for walls, divide the conditionally wall to the vertical stripes, 1,5m width. For these lanes, we will install beacons.
To install, we need:
- Gypsum plaster, high degree of plasticity and fast frost. For this, the Rotband plaster is most suitable, which perfectly keeps lighthouses and this ensures the quality of installation;
- lacious spatula;
- bucket with water;
- Aluminum Rake 2.4-2.5 m long, or a rigid wooden bar, or a stranded board. They should be even along the entire length and the same width, which is very important, as it significantly affects the quality of the application of plaster;
- Profile level length 1m.
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To rake using a mounting tape to attach the level. It is very convenient, as the eye of the vertical level on the rail is located on the edges, and to see it, you need to either get on the knees or on a stool. In the case of attachment to the rake of the profile level, the eye will be just at the height of the eyes, which is very convenient.
First of all, prepare the wall to install beacons. To do this, a rigid brush or broom remove the residues of sand with bricks, moisten with water brickwork.
Determine the degree of vertical wall by rail with a level attached to it. So you can determine in which the walls will have to put more plaster under the lighthouse, and in what less. The smooth vertical wall, especially if the house is built in Soviet times with the slogan "five-year plan in four years!", It is a big rarity, so when the wall slope, put more plaster at the top, if the slope is at the bottom.
We mix the mixture for fastening beacons
To correctly knead the plaster solution, use a special electrical low-speed mixer, fixing a special nozzle.
Some experts use drill for these purposes, but it does not need to do this, since at low power and high speed, the drill can burn. It is better to make it manually, as the majority of novice builders make. The proportions of the knead are indicated in the instructions on the package. With the right knee, you should get plastic, sticky, soft mass.
Do not knead too much plaster, you need to have time to use to frozen.
How to install beacons correctly?
In places where lighthouses will be installed, make vertical marks with a pencil. According to these marks, the spatula sketch the lepts of plaster sizes with a hassle. Immediately beacons at a distance of 15-20 cm from the corners. The cakes must adhere to the wall, the distance between them is approximately 30 cm.
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Attach a lighthouse to the lozes and press the fingers on each cake in turn.
After that, cut the rail to the beacon and gently press it on it, watching the level by seeking its vertical position.
If there is a skew, do the pressure is more stronger to correctly install the lighthouse. When the vertical position was established, the rail will be removed with the spatula to correct the solution on both sides of the beacon so that it securely retain it after the froze. Remove the surplus stucco so that it does not interfere with further work.
Suddenly the lighthouse in some place turned a little to the side, carefully correct it with his hands. If there is no plaster under it, please add it gently, slightly pulling the lighthouse from the wall.
Gypsum should not perform above the lighthouse. In the picture, the top shows how it should look like a pellet for fastening the lighthouse.
Refer once again with the level, if necessary, fir the lighthouse. Checking the installation of the installation, pay attention to the fact that there should be no defunctions between the rail and the beacon. Only in this case can be counted on the exact vertical.
In case of inclination of the wall, the bottom edge of the beacon should be pressed to it almost closely, if the top edge will be pressed into it.
Installation of beacons requires a certain experience and dexterity. If you cannot immediately work, do not worry, after installing the pair of the first lighthouses, it will go faster.
Installation of intermediate beacons
Sometimes there is a need to install intermediate beacons when the wall is very long or just between two neighboring beacons with a very problematic wall.
After installing corner beacons, install another intermediate, since the width of the wall exceeds the allowable distance between the beacons, and work with a very long rail is very uncomfortable. It is logical to assume that an additional lighthouse located between the corner beacons should be in the same plane with them. To achieve this, you can take advantage of a long rail, which is equal to the distance between them. If there is no such rack and the wall is very long, or there are pipes and other interference on it, you need to pull the thread.
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Using the rail to install an intermediate lighthouse
To establish an additional lighthouse with a rail, first of all, you need to wait for the plaster, holding the corner beacons. On average, it will take about an hour-two, depending on the room temperature. In order not to waste time, you can still install beacons on other walls.
After soaring the plaster, sculpt the cakes for the middle light and put it on the solution.
With the help of the horizontally attached rail, press the bottom of the lighthouse while the edges of the rails will not lie on corner lighthouses.
Place the rail vertically along the beacon and achieve its vertical position, pressing the rail to the top of the lighthouse, trying not to change the position of the lower part.
To check the accuracy of the vertical installation, you need to attach a rake horizontally to the extreme lighthouses, while the central lighthouse should also touch the rail.
These measurements need to be repeated at different heights, and for greater reliability even diagonally.
Use thread to install an intermediate lighthouse
The thread to help is used in the case when it is not possible to use the rail due to a large amount of pipes, or when the wall is very long. In order to pull the thread, take two dowels at the top and bottom of the walls behind the angular beacons, pull the thread between them, which should lie on these beacons.
The intermediate lighthouse is pressed by a rake or fingers in the pellets until a slightly noticeable clearance is formed between it and thread.
Check the level of correct installation of the intermediate lighthouse.
If there is a lot of pipes on the wall, look at the situation. Intermediate lighthouses can be installed fragments between the pipes. For example, a one-meter meter area of the kitchen wall with pipes located on it, it demanded the installation of three lighthouses.
On the wall in the bathroom, where, in addition to straight pipes, there is also a towel dryer, it turned out such a complex design.