The first acquaintance with such a fluffy and soft material, like a plush, is still in childhood. The universal spread of loved ones with all the children of shaggy toys has even led to the appearance of the epithet "plush". This word designate all soft, warm, harmless, and the title "Plush Teddy" is often awarded calm and carefree people. Plush fabric is associated with comfort, comfort, home heat, because it is currently most often used for toys, plaid, warm home clothing. The same name is also the type of synthetic yarn for manual knitting, which has characteristic soft vintage.
How do plush do?
The name of this shaggy warm textile is associated with a French word with the value of the "Village". From other materials of the same group (velor and velvet) Plush is characterized by a height of villi, which can be from 3 to 16 mm . The teddy pile can be located over the entire surface of the web or only on its individual fragments, orient in one direction or create complex patterns. Teddy fabric varies:
- by type of material (silk, cotton, woolen, synthetic);
- according to the method of formation of a pile;
- Finishing.
The traditional plush has a dense cotton base using the base and duck, and its pile is formed using auxiliary (sometimes clarified) thread of the corresponding composition.
Currently, synthetics are often used for the manufacture of this material, and as the base, use a knitted canvas, which makes the fabric more elastic and soft.
Depending on the method of stretching the thread, the plush fabric happens:
- split;
- continuous or looped;
- one-sided or bilateral.
A split plush is characterized by aimed up thick pile. It is obtained in the same way as the velvet, with the help of two-phonnet machines, one cylinder of which forms a soil or base, and the second, equipped with hooks, pulls long loops, which are then cut by a disk knife. Looped pile is obtained on special knitting equipment by the method of basic or transverse knitting. At the same time use an additional thread, with the help of which stretches resembling Mahru are created. In most cases, the loops from the wrong is made short, but recently there are two-sided canvas, especially knitted.
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As for the finish, the most often this tissue has smooth smooth porcelines on the front side, which in the manufacturing process are placed by special brushes.
In addition, special technological techniques are used for a split and cape material, which allow to obtain such types of surface:
- embossed (pressed), on which the pile under pressure is placed in different directions;
- Picturesque with different ornaments obtained on jacquard machines due to changes in the height of the pile;
- The textured that combines embossing, patterns, a change in the pile of pile, as well as the alternation of smooth and fluffy areas.
The most expensive and prestigious is a plush of silk . This is a soft beautiful fabric with a noble tide, which is currently applied only for exclusive interiors and products.
A plush tissue, which consists of wool (more often from a mixture of wool with viscose or synthetic fiber), refer to the category of artificial fur. It is very warm, durable and pretty heavy (up to 850 g / square meter), and is used as a finish, for the production of toys, covered, warm plaids. The cheaper variety of agitated textiles is made of cotton. In the old days, this cloth was very common called Plis.
What is the plush apply?
Dignity
The main property of a tissue with a high thick pile is its ability to keep warm. Among other advantages include such properties as a variety of applications, durability, beautiful appearance, especially when using natural raw materials, and the ability to drape without the formation of chances and sowing a pile.disadvantages
As for the shortcomings, the plush, first of all, is considered a heavy material - both in the literal meaning of this word and when sewing. In addition, this fabric (with the exception of silk) is easily absorbed by dust and contamination, and the vehicle is quickly wiped at constant load.
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Application
Nevertheless, with all its shortcomings and a considerable price, this fabric up to the beginning of the last century was very popular and was a symbol of consistency and aristocratism.
- Curtains, ornamental and theatrical curtains, tablecloths, tablecloths, were made by her furniture.
- Silk plush was used for elite interiors and dear outerwear, hats, various accessories.
- From wool tissue, blankets and blankets, insulated lining for coats and shoes.
- Finally, short-ski cotton FPGS was considered the most democratic textiles for men's, female and children's warm clothing, including trousers and skirts.
The attachment to the comfortable and warm jacket "buns" on the cotton rustic residents retained up to the seventies of the last century.
Currently, the plush is still widely used as a decorative and furniture fabric, first of all, for expensive interiors in vintage strength, as well as in the finishing of public premises, especially theatrical and concert halls, automotive salons, etc.
However, the diversity of modern technologies and methods of finishing this material make it possible to realize the most unusual design ideas with it.
As for the clothing, the traditional plush lost its place to other materials, but the fearful knitwear of various composition is a favorite in the manufacture of warm homewear and shoes, socks, plaids and other products, creating comfort and comfort. An important direction of the use of this textile is the manufacture of children's toys, while needlewomen often use genuine old material for this purpose.
How to sew and how to care?
Cutting and sewing
For sewing plush products need a certain skill. First of all, the cut should be made in one layer, and orient the details so that in the finished thing a short pile is directed from the bottom up, and the long - on the contrary . Since the cut-off porcins are very squeezed, the inputs on the seams should be large, and the line you need to lead in the direction of the villine. With the individual manufacture of soft toys, it is better to sew manually.Article on the topic: how to sew a skirt on a wide gum
Washing Rules, Drying and Ironing
As for the care, it depends on the composition of the fabric.
Dear plush products are better to put in cleaning. If you decide to wash the thing at home, you first need to be cleaned of dust and try to derive existing spots, but it is impossible to use potent drugs and coarse mechanical impact.
- You need to erase the fabric in the mode corresponding to its composition. The synthetic knitted material of good quality is not afraid of machine washing and spin (it also applies to many factory toys), but cotton, wool and viscose is better not to get out.
- After drying, the vault is smoothed as a brush (if necessary).
- It is not necessary to iron this material, as a last resort, to eliminate the chances, a vertical excipation should be applied.