The door closer is a mechanical device, the main function of which is the automatic closing of the open door. Basically, in the production of closers, manufacturers use European norms EN 1154, which determine the basic parameters of these devices. It is necessary to consider the varieties of these mechanisms and the algorithm of how to install the closer on the door.
With the help of the closer, the open door closes automatically.
Varieties of closens
Depending on the technical characteristics, the closers are divided into the following classes:
- By installation method:
- hidden;
- top;
- Outdoor.
- By closing strength (Classes EN 1- EN 7). Some models have a range of closing classes, for example, EN 5-7, which allows you to correctly select the amount of effort.
- By the structure of thrust:
Diagram of the device door closer.
- with lever (simple technology, but mounted closer noncompact);
- with a moving channel (compact assembled, with a cam mechanism);
- Outdoor (installation in the floor).
- By the design of the working mechanism:
- cam (the most versatile technology);
- spring (outdated type);
- Tooth rail and gear (common option, providing smoothness and enhanced clamp when closing).
- By installation type (hidden, surface / invoice).
- By availability of additional functions:
- discovering damper (for outdoor canvases);
- fixation of the open position (with intensive passability);
- closing delay (for low passability in utility and warehouse);
- coordination of closing of the canvas (in the case of two-sided and fireproof canvases);
- Separate dumplock setting (for sfolders with rubber seals).
Selection of the closer: its standard equipment
Table requirements for the door closing.
Before choosing and installing closers, perform measurements of the dimensions (width, weight). These are the basic parameters that determine the power of inertia, according to which the mechanism class is selected. Also, when choosing, the temperature conditions of the device and the peculiarities of its installation should be taken into account, for example, can the door closer be installed.
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The standard equipment of the closer having a lever craving contains the following components:
- mechanism with lever taiga;
- fasteners;
- Instruction.
Required tools and materials
In order to correctly install the closer on the door, the following tools are needed:- kerner;
- Mounting scheme 1: 1;
- Perforator or drill.
How to mount the closer on the door?
Sequence of installation of the door closer.
Installation of door closer consists of several stages. By itself, this work is simple, if you know some nuances. As an example, you can consider how to correctly install the closer of the common type - the upper, overlap having a lever craving. In this case, the closer itself with the first part of the lever is installed on the sash, and the second part of the lever and shoe is on the top quarter of the box. The delivery package of this mechanical device contains:
- instruction manual and installation of the closer on the door;
- housing (device itself);
- Fastener shoe and lever.
So, you need to understand what a sequence of actions and how to install the door closer with a lever pull:
- Select the appropriate class device that is suitable for installation on the sfolder of the given dimensions.
- In front of the installation of the closers, inspect and prepare the cloth.
- Determine the place of its attachment. It depends on the opening side at the entrance. "At yourself": Install the case of the device from the mounting side of the loops on the upper part, and the shoe and part of the lever mount at the top of the box. "From yourself": install the housing on the top quarter of the box, and the shoe and part of the lever are on the doors themselves. This needs to be done before installing.
- Tightly cover the sash and place the installation scheme to the location of the device assembly. Then Kerner, through paper, take the attachment points corresponding to the type of door closer installation.
- Drill holes in the door block.
- Install the elements in places selected for installation. Then secure the second part of the lever to the body. Connect two parts.
- Adjust the lever: set the angle of inclination to the plane according to the instructions. The magnitude of this angle will correspond to the mode of operation - with the dochflower or without it.
- Configure special closing speeds with special screws.
- If the element is equipped with additional features, configure these parameters according to the instructions.
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Adjust the door closer.
This installation of doors is the most common. It can be carried out both with the help of specialists and independently.
It should be noted that in the question of how to establish a closer on the door, in the event of installation and operation of it on the outer canvases, it is necessary to adjust the door closing speed depending on the season. This allows you to extend the life of the product.
How to install the mechanism in the case of installing an outdoor option for pendulum doors or doors with one-sided entrance? Before installing the closers, check their completeness. Usually the delivery set of such devices consists of:
- special door loops;
- closer;
- fasteners;
- Mounting scheme 1: 1;
- Instructions for use and installation of the closer on the door.
The sequence of installation of such a mechanism consists of the following steps.
Mount the door to special loops: while the loop, located below, acts as a lever, fixed from one edge to the shaft, and from the other - with the door itself.
After installing, checking the correct installation and remove the cloth before installing the closers, leaving the loop on the door frame.
Types of mounting door closer.
In the floor, from the fastening side of the loops, mark with the help of a paper mounting circuit and drill a recess according to the sizes of the casing. If a ledge is provided in the canvas, which hides the gap between the canvas itself and the boxes of the box, then it is necessary that the axis of the mechanism is vertical in relation to this protrusion. At the same time, the upper edge of the prepared recess should go under a quarter of the box about 0.03 cm. If the aforementioned clearance is closed by the recess in the box, the device axis should be positioned so that it coincides with the end of the excavation.
In the case of a pendulum door with a placement of the deepening place before installing the closers, the installation scheme is positioned so that it is parallel and symmetrically the door canvase.
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Casing of the mechanism Place in the prepared recess and check the horizontal installation of the construction level. The gaps between the casing and the deepening fill in a special glue (cement mortar). After drying the adhesive (solution), continue the installation of the device.
Insert the device case and slightly lock the screws before the final installation.
Check the alignment of the axes of the top loop and the axis axis of the tree center: the vertical plumb passed through the hinge hole (in the center) must point to the center of the shaft. Adjust this indicator, shifting the body of the mechanism, having previously weakening the mounting screws.
Check the case installation parallel to the door canvase. Tighten the mounting screws.
Dustproof plate put on the output shaft. Mount the door block assembly. Set the opening speed by a special screw.
Secure the decorative protective cover.
With the help of passage, remove the one part of it that interferes with the work.
In the case of pendulum doors, you do not need to change the shape of the lid. Secure the decorative lid on the housing.
It should be noted that such an installation of doors under the power of non-professional and does not require special skills and knowledge. It is enough to have the necessary tools and follow the instructions.