To install heating equipment, a separate room is often required, which is called the fuel, boiler room, but more often - boiler room. Since any fuel is potentially dangerous, then the premises in which boilers are installed are presented with rather strict requirements, designed to ensure the maximum degree of security. Koko must be a boiler room in a private house, the requirements for the premises and the norms are all in the article.
Boiler room in a private house must match the mass of the requirements
Regulations
Immediately it is necessary to decide on the regulatory framework. Until the middle of 2003, the norms of SNiP No. 04.04.08-87 were operating. From July 1, 2003, SNIP 42-01-2002 entered into force. All requirements and norms on the device of boiler rooms in a private house must be taken from this document.It is desirable to know the standards, even though the boiler house project in a private house must be compiled by a specialized organization. So you can decide on the possibility and inability to install this or that heating equipment as well as what work you are coming to adjust the available or premises to the standards. With each difficulty or controversial issue, it is worth going to the project department of a gas supply organization and talk to them. There is a lot of nuances associated with the features of each house, which can be solved only by tosing to the plan of the house or its project.
Rules and rules for installing a gas boiler in a private house
The choice of the installation site of the gas boiler depends on its power:
- with power up to 60 kW, the installation is possible in the kitchen (subject to certain requirements);
- from 60 kW to 150 kW - in a separate room, regardless of the floor (subject to the use of natural gas, they can be installed in the basement and the basement, including);
- From 150 kW to 350 kW - in a separate room of the first or basement floor, in an extension and separate building.
This does not mean that the boiler for 20 kW cannot be installed in a separate boiler. You can, if you want all life support systems to assemble in one place. That's just the size of the room there are requirements. The minimum size of the boiler house in the private house should be:
- For boilers with a capacity of up to 30 kW, the minimum volume of the room (not the area, and the volume) should be 7.5 m3;
- from 30 to 60 kW - 13.5 m3;
- From 60 to 200 kW - 15 m3.
Only in the case of the installation of a gas boiler in the kitchen room there are other standards - the minimum volume is 15 cubes, and the height of the ceilings is at least 2.5 m.
Option of installation of a wall gas boiler - up to a wall at least 10 cm
For each option of premises for gas boiler room, certain requirements are presented. Some of them are common:
- Any room boiler house in a private house must have natural lighting. Moreover, the area of the windows is normalized - by 1 m3 volume should account for at least 0.03 m2 of glazing. Note - this is the size of the glass. In addition, the window must be swollen, open outward.
- The window should have a fortie or fraamuga - for emergency ventilation during gas leakage.
- Required ventilation and removal of products combustion through chimney. The exhaust of a low-power boiler (up to 30 kW) can be removed through the wall.
- Water should be supplied to the boiler room of any type (to sign the system if necessary) and sewage (heat coolant).
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Another general requirement that appeared in the latest version of SNIPA. When installing gas equipment for the DHW and heating with a capacity of over 60 kW, a gas control system is needed, which in the case of work will automatically stop the gas supply.
In the presence of a boiler and a heating boiler, when determining the size of the boiler room, their power is summed up
The following requirements differ depending on the type of boiler room.
Boiler room in a private house in a separate room (built-in or attached)
Separate boiler rooms for the installation of gas boilers with a capacity of up to 200 kW should be separated from the rest of the non-flammable wall with the fire resistance limit of at least 0.75 hours. Such requirements are answered by brick, slagoblock, concrete (lightweight and heavy). Requirements for separate flopping in the built-in or attached room are as follows:
- Minimum volume - 15 cubic meters.
- Ceiling height :
- with power from 30 kW - 2.5 m;
- up to 30 kW - from 2.2 m.
- There must be a window with a framuga or window, the glass area is not less than 0.03 square per cubic meter volume.
- Ventilation should ensure no less than three-time air exchange in one hour.
If the boiler room is organized in the basement or basement, the minimum boiler size will be greater: 0.2 m2 is added to the mandatory 15 cubes to each kilowatt power, which goes to heating. The requirement for walls and ceilings, adjacent to other rooms is also added: they must be vapor-gas-impermeable. And one more feature: the furnace in the basement or basement floor when installing equipment with a power of 150 kW to 350 kW should have a separate output to the street. It is allowed to enter the corridor leading to the street.
It is not normalized by the boiler room, but its volume is also given the minimum height of the ceilings
In general, the size of the boiler house in a private house is advisable to choose from the convenience of service, which is usually much superior to the standards.
Special requirements for attached boiler
They are not very much. Three new requirements are added to the items described above:
- An extension should be located on a solid segment of the wall, to the nearest windows or doors, the distance should be at least 1 meter.
- It must be made of non-flammable material with the limit of fire resistance at least 0.75 hours (concrete, brick, slagoblock).
- The walls of the extension should not be associated with the walls of the main building. This means that the foundation must be made separate, incoherent and build not three walls, but all four.
An extension is made from non-combustible building material.
What you need to keep in mind. If you are going to arrange a boiler room in a private house, and the rooms of the appropriate volume is not or the height of the ceilings is slightly lower than the requirements, you may go to the meeting and demand in return to protect the glazing area. If you are planning to build a house, then you need to withstand all the requirements, otherwise the project will never agree. Also rigidly fit to the construction of attached boiler rooms: everything should meet the standards and in no way differently.
Installation of the gas boiler boiler in the kitchen: room requirements
As already talked, gas boilers with a capacity of up to 30 kW can be installed in the kitchen. The type of combustion chamber is any (open, closed), the removal of burning products is possible in Ventakanals (in apartments), chimney, through the wall to the street. You can set a wall or floor-type boiler.
Requirements for kitchens for installing a gas boiler:
- The height of the ceilings is not less than 2.5 m;
- the size of at least 15 cubes;
- The ventilation system should provide a three-time air shift per hour;
- There should be a flow of fresh air in a volume sufficient for gas combustion;
Wall boilers should be hung on non-combustible walls. At the same time, it is necessary to place the boiler so that the distance to the side walls was at least 10 cm. If there are no non-combustible walls, it is allowed to install on difficulty or combustible materials, but under one condition: they should be coated with plaster or refractory screen. The minimum thickness of the plaster layer is 5 cm.
The requirements for the installation of a gas boiler in the kitchen are mostly to the volume and ventilation.
The screen for the gas boiler makes sheet steel. Metal is fixed on top of a sheet heat-insulating material with a thickness of at least 3 mm (asbestos or cardboard from mineral wool). Screen dimensions must be larger than the size of the boiler in the casing of 70 cm on top and 10 cm by the rest of the parties.
Requirements for separate fuel
Such boilers are made at high power boilers - above 200 kW. In addition to the previously announced earlier there are several specific requirements. Here they are all:
- Wall material, finishes and roofs should be non-heat.
- The volume of the placement of a separate boiler room is at least 15 cubic meters, plus 0.2 sq. M for each kW of the power to be heating.
- The height of the ceiling is not less than 2.5 m.
- The glazing area is considered based on 0.03 square meters per each cube volume.
- The window must have a window or fraamuga.
- A separate foundation is required for the boiler, its height should not be above 15 cm above the floor level.
- With a relatively small mass (up to 200 kg), installation on a concrete floor is allowed.
- There must be a system of emergency power off (mounted on the pipe).
- Doors are impaired, weakly reassembled.
- The ventilation in the room should provide three-time air exchange in 1 hour.
When accepting and installing gas equipment in a separate boiler room, the acceptance will be strict: all the rules must be observed. Only in this case will you give permission.
Separately standing boiler may be such
What should be the door in the boiler room
If this is a separate room in a residential building, then the doors leading from the furnace should be refractory. This means that they must restrain the fire for 15 minutes. Under these requirements, only made of metal are suitable. Factory or homemade - not so important, if only the parameters came.
If there is an entry into the street in the furnace, there must be unaffined doors. And in Snip, it is written "weakly fortified". This is necessary in order for the box with an explosion simply squeezed the explosive wave. Then the explosion energy will be directed to the street, and not on the walls of the house. The second plus easily "endured" doors - gas will be able to freely go out.
Doors to boiler house sold immediately with grille at the bottom
Often, the project is added additional requirement - the presence of the hole in the bottom of the hole in the lower part. It is necessary to ensure air inflows to the room.
Ventilation for boiler house in a private house
As already mentioned, the calculation of ventilation performance is considered from the size of the room. It must be multiplied by 3, add about 30% to the reserve. We get the volume you need to "pump" in an hour.For example, room 3 * 3 m with a ceiling height of 2.5 m. Volume 3 * 3 * 2.5 = 22.5 m3. A three-time exchange is required: 22.5 m3 * 3 = 67.5 m3. We add a reserve by 30% we get 87.75 m3.
To ensure natural ventilation at the bottom of the wall, there must be a supplied hole, poketed with a grid. The exhaust pipes should go through the roof, it is possible to exit through the wall in its upper part. Display the ventilation pipe is necessary for one height with smoke.
Requirements for boiler rooms for installing boilers on solid and liquid fuel
Requirements in volume, size and materials for the boiler room are the same. However, there are several specific, which are associated with the need to organize chimney and fuel storage space. Here are the basic requirements (mostly they are spelled out in the passport of the boiler):
- The chimney cross section should not be less than the diameter of the outlet of the boiler. No decrease in diameter throughout the chimney is not allowed.
- Design chimney is necessary with the smallest number of knees. Ideally, he should be straight.
- At the bottom of the wall should be the supply hole (window) for air intake. Its area is considered from the power of the boiler: 8 square meters. See each kilowatt.
- The decomposition of the chimney is possible through the roof or in the wall.
- Below the smoke entrance should be a clear hole - for revision and maintenance.
- The chimney material and its connections must be gas-tight.
- Install the boiler for a non-combustible base. If the floors in the boiler house are wooden, lay asbestos sheet or cardboard from mineral wool, top with metal sheet. The second option is the podium of bricks, plastered or tiled.
- When using the boiler on the corner of the wiring only hidden, laying in metal pipes is possible. Sockets must be powered by a reduced 42 V voltage, and the switches must be sealed. All these requirements are a consequence of explosion hazard coal dust.
Please note that the passage of the chimney through the roof or the wall should be made through a special passage of a non-combustible node.
Boilers on liquid fuel usually work noisy
It is worth a few words to say about boilers on liquid fuel. Their work is usually accompanied by a rather high level of noise, as well as a characteristic odor. So the idea to put a similar unit in the kitchen is not the best idea. When selecting a separate room, it is worth considering the walls to give good sound insulation, and the smell did not penetrate through the doors. Since the inner doors will still be metallic take care of the presence of high-quality seal around the perimeter. It is possible to interfere with noise and smells will not. The same recommendations and for attached boiler rooms, although they are less critical.
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