The construction of a country house takes place in several stages. At a certain point, when the external enclosing structures are built, it comes to lay the draft floor. In the future, after the device of engineering communications and interior decoration, the ceiling and walls will fall onto the finish flooring.
There are several variants of the device of draft floors, as well as methods of insulation of floor coatings. In the conditions of the cold climate of our country, warm floors in the house is a rather useful solution that helps balance the total energy efficiency of the country house.
Device of draft floors
Depending on the type of draft floor, the methods of their device are distinguished. The main varies of such grounds are concrete and wooden structures. Before making the warm floors, it is necessary to make it possible to produce black.
In the simplest form, the concrete black floor in the country house is made by filling the monolithic coating on top of the rammed sandy-crushed pillow. This base can be made without reinforcement.
If it is necessary to make protection from high groundwater, a polyethylene film is stacked between the pillow and concrete, which will reliably hydroize the floor.
Place the insulation on the base, and on top of it the reinforcement of the future concrete floor
Warm floors in the house can be started to produce, making insulation at the stage of the device of the draft base. For this, the plates of the insulation are stacked on top of the waterproof monolithic coating, which the reinforcing frame is installed on top of the top and the concrete of the second draft floor is performed.
A draft wooden floor at the cottage is arranged in several stages.
- On the compacted soil are made backups. They form, the so-called subfield. They are more often made in the form of ceramic brick columns on a sandy cement solution.
- The installation of wooden lags on a prepared base is made. In the form of lag stands for a timber or mounted wide boards.
In the country, be sure to carry out hydro and thermal insulation of the floor
- Production of the root. It can be made of narrow boards of chocated plastics or solid leafy materials such as plywood.
- The waterproofing device and, if necessary, thermal insulation materials are performed over the root.
- The finish coating of the black floor can be performed, as well as the doomle from narrow boards or sheet materials.
Sometimes in country houses use overlap plates. They are also one of the types of rough floors. On the plates should be screed, which is reinforced with a metal grid.
Frequently, the second layer of concrete or wooden draft floors is performed from materials that do not require further finishes.
For example, bulk floors or a grinding plant of factory manufacture.
Warm floor with adjustable heating
Water warm floors are more suitable for bulk floors.
On the principle of the device warm floors with adjustable heating are divided into electrical and water. In some heating element, a cable or an ultra-thin electric mat, and in others - metal-plastic pipes with hot water.
Heated with a water method is more suitable for the device of bulk floors. Installation process is made as follows. At the draft floor, if necessary, a layer of waterproofing is stacked, a collector of metal-plastic pipes is installed on top.
The collector is the system for which water will circulate. Then it is connected to the heating boiler and the crimping system. After a test check, metalplastic pipes are poured with a monolithic solution.
It is desirable to produce a fill with a working system that the thermal expansion does not affect the strength of the monolithic base.
Thermomats are suitable for wooden floors.
The method of heating by electric mats closer to the wooden coating. Before making a warm floor in a private house, a heat sink foil material is stacked on the wooden floor. It will serve as an electric barrier, as well as reflect heat upwards, which will qualitatively increase energy efficiency.
This material, which can be used isolon, places an electric heater. Warm floor with electric mats should not be subject to mechanical effects. Therefore, when installing it, you can skip the place of installation of heavy furniture, determining them in advance.
All the cables and wires of thermomats must be carefully insulated
All wire connections and terminals are carefully isolated. A trial connection is performed. Then the layer of soft isolation is placed, on top of which the floor is trimmed with sheet material, for example, plywood. Any coating can be laid on the sheet material.
If you do a warm floor in the country using an electrical cable, then, as with a water device, a monolithic screed is better suitable as a coating.
It is important before installing the upper coating, which will lay the finishing material, to produce a multiple check of the system for performance.
It is also necessary to carefully treat isolation so that the built floor is reliably protected from the effects of internal and external negative factors.
Choosing a finishing floor
Laminate can be treated immediately over a roll warm floor; covered with insulating material.
To make your gender not only warm, but practical, it is necessary to select the finishing material, based on its qualities, as well as take into account the nature of the coating and the purpose of the room.
For corridors and living room laminate, as the type of coating is quite attractive and practical. When using laminate as a finishing material, it is possible to exclude the floor covering plywood and immediately retain it over a soft roll insulation.
In such premises, like bathrooms or kitchen, the use of tiles is justified. This type of coating is well combined with a screed, so it will be suitable for warm floors with a watering device of heating and an electric cable. What kind of floor heating is better to choose, look at this video:
Laying carpet is justified in bedrooms and children's rooms. This type of material is used only on prepared surfaces.
Linoleum material is inexpensive and universal, but, as well as carpet, it is relatively soft. It can be used everywhere, after preparing the surface to laying.
When developing the design of rooms at the stage of determining the finishing materials, it is important to understand which surface they must or may be laid. This must be done in order to bring a draft coating and a device of heating elements to a single appearance.
Independent facilitation
Choose high-quality floorboards
You can make the floor in the country with your own hands without contacting the specialists. Floor designs and types of coatings are widely described in the Internet. Find useful information forces to everyone.
Before making the floor in the country, you need to develop a plan of work, determining the type of coating and the number of necessary materials.
It is required to correctly make a markup so that the coating at each stage of the device fit into a strict horizontal plane. On how to build floors in a bar house, see this video:
When performing work, it is necessary to strive for the manufacture of an even and solid base, which will qualitatively perceive the load from furniture and people in the rooms.
The floor of the first floor will transmit perceived load on the foundation on the internal perimeter and on brick backups. Floor coating of the second floor will be arranged on inter-storey overlap.
To qualitatively, perform the flooring device on the second floor it is required to make high-quality overlap.
When choosing materials of a wooden frame, you can use a special table. It shows the sections of wooden beams, which will ensure reliability of construction and operation. Calculation of sections in the table is made for a load of 400 kg. On 1 m2 of the floor.
| Sleep length (length beam) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balok Installation Step | 2.0 m. | 2.5 m. | 3.0 m. | 4.0 m. | 4.5 m. | 5.0 m. | 6.0 m. |
| 0.6 m. | 75 mm. H. 100 mm. | 75 mm. H. 150 mm. | 75 mm. H. 200 mm. | 100 mm. H. 200 mm. | 100 mm. H. 200 mm. | 125 mm. H. 200 mm. | 150 mm. H. 225 mm. |
| 1.0 m. | 75 mm. H. 150 mm. | 100 mm. H. 150 mm. | 100 mm. H. 175 mm. | 125 mm. H. 200 mm. | 150 mm. H. 200 mm. | 150 mm. H. 225 mm. | 175 mm. H. 250 mm. |
Choosing a floor material, determine the loads that will withstand the magnificent plate of your base
If the progress of the plates protrude as the overlap of the second floor, the choice of a suitable product must be made, based on the loads of the material perceived by this type of material. For each product, this indicator will be yours.
When the floor is on the plates, as on the first floor, the overlap is filled with a screed, which produces a warm floor and floor covering.
When time or other circumstances do not allow all the work itself, then you can attract a private builder or organization. One way or another, learning the process is necessary to control the quality of the work performed.
In the offseason, when winter has not yet come, and the summer has already passed, warm floor will provide a comfortable stay of the whole family. In winter, warm floors will not be replaced if there are small children in the family. Comfort received from high-quality floor covering will pay off all costs associated with its installation. About the subtleties of laying the floor on the bribe-slabs, see this video:
The manufacture of warm sex will make it warm the room in the fall and spring without using the heating system. This will help qualitatively improve the energy efficiency of the building.
Comfort constantly penetrates modern houses and apartments. It is important to maintain the balance of the quality and costs. The warm flooring device is a reliable investment of time and means.
Article on the topic: Floor waterproofing in the apartment: Instructions for use