Staircase nyob rau hauv qab daus: Xaiv cov khoom siv, kev laij thiab los ua ke nrog koj tus kheej tes

Hauv qab daus - chav tsev tsis muaj nuj nqis, tab sis kom yooj yim ntawm kev siv yuav tsum muaj lub xub ntiag ntawm tus ntaiv. Nws yuav tsum muaj ob qho kev ntsuas: xis nyob thiab txhim khu kev qha. Feem ntau cov feem ntau nyob rau hauv qab daus npaj ib nrab kev tsim kho ib teev. Cov khoom siv yog xaiv sib txawv. Ua xws li tus ntaiv hauv lub cellar yuav tsis nyuaj. Koj yuav tsum pib ntawm txoj haujlwm thiab xaiv cov khoom siv.

Npaj ntaiv mus rau hauv qab daus

Tus ntaiv hauv qab daus tuaj yeem tso tau ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis tsis yog ib txwm muaj sijhawm. Hauv lub sijhawm no, nws tsis tas yuav chim siab, vim tias nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua lub tsev tsim khoom lag luam koj tuaj yeem pom cov qauv tiav tau hais los ntawm cov tuam ntxhab sib txawv.

Caws cov ceg Staircase - ib qho kev xaiv zoo rau hauv qab daus

Tsim cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov qauv tsim qauv tsim qauv yuav tso cai rau cov neeg siv khoom kom pom cov kev xaiv uas xav tau ntawm cov ntaiv rau lub cellar. Rau cov neeg uas tibneeg hu tauj coob, tsis muaj sijhawm mus rau hauv khw, muaj lwm txoj kev tawm - hauv internet yuav los cawm. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav cov chaw tsim kev tsim kho ntau yam uas muaj kev xaiv ntawm cov ntaiv loj.

Ntoo Staircase - kev daws teeb meem

Tshwj xeeb thiab folding ntaiv nyob rau hauv qab daus thiab lub nthab yog siv nyob rau hauv kev thov. Cov tom kawg tuaj yeem nruab nrog daug.

Lub sijhawm uas hais tias tsis yog nyob rau hauv cov kev tsim qauv tiav yog qhov tsim nyog rau hauv qab daus. Yog tias muaj qee qhov nuances, koj yuav tsum tsim cov qauv tsim koj tus kheej lossis nrog kev koom tes ntawm cov masters.

Cov Khoom Xaiv

Cov khoom siv rau kev tsim cov ntaiv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb. Qhov kev xaiv yog nyob ntawm qhov nyuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm, muaj peev xwm nyiaj txiag, nrog rau kev ua tau zoo li cas, txhim khu kev qha yuav tsum yog tus ntaiv.

Cov kev xaiv tseem ceeb yog:

• Ntoo. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev yooj yim hauv kev ua thiab muaj. Tab sis, tus ntoo staircase nyob hauv qab daus yuav tsum tau ua kom ua tau zoo thiab tiv thaiv cov dej noo, pwm thiab fungi. Hauv qab daus poliaclimate tsis zoo heev rau cov ntoo. Yog li ntawd, dua li cov khoom nws tus kheej, koj yuav tsum siv sijhawm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv.

• Hlau profile. Hlau Staircase yog cov tsim tau zoo thiab ruaj khov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm tus nqi ntawm nws cov cuab yeej nce ntxiv. Yuav tsum tau ua thiab kev tiv thaiv kev ya raws. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tshem tawm xeb thiab npog cov khoom pleev xim hauv ob peb txheej.

• Pob zeb ua tau. Ib qho ntawm lawv cov ntaub ntawv tsis tu ncua. Tab sis nws yog qhov haum rau cov hauv paus dav dav. Lub pob zeb tsim nws tus kheej yog cumbersome thiab siv ntau qhov chaw tshaj ntoo lossis hlau. Txawm hais tias lub zog ntawm cov pob zeb ua, nws kuj xav tau kev tiv thaiv. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, ua tiav cov kauj ruam nrog cov xim, nplais, cov roj hmab txheej.

Thaum muaj kev xaiv ntoo lossis hlau, koj tuaj yeem tsim thiab nruab rau cov ntsia hlau. Qhov zoo dua ntawm hom khoom no yog kev cog lus.

Muab xam los ntawm Gabarites

Kev tsim kho ntawm staircase nyob rau hauv qab daus ntawm lub tsev pib nrog kev suav thiab kos duab kos duab. Qhov ntsuas tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov loj ntawm tus ntaiv yog:

• Marsham Dav. Cov ntsiab lus 0.9-1 m tsim nyog rau kev xaiv txheem. Yog tias qhov chaw ntawm chav tsev tso cai, koj tuaj yeem nthuav lub Peb Hlis.

• Lumen. Nws yog qhov siab los ntawm txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov kauj ruam mus rau kev sib tshooj ntawm qab daus. Qhov ntsuas no yog ua raws li kev ua haujlwm. Tus neeg siv yuav tsum tsis txhob kov lub taub hau qab nthab. Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw siab tshaj plaws, qhov kev tshem tawm yuav tsum tau sib npaug nrog nruab nrab tib neeg txoj kev loj hlob ntxiv 10-20 cm.

Tshooj nyob rau lub ntsiab lus: Nta Forged ntaiv: Hom, Qhov Zoo thiab Raug Tshuab Technology | +55 Duab

• Steepness. Qhov loj tshaj plaws kev tsis ncaj ncees ntawm lub iav qauv 75. Yog tias tus ntaiv qis dua yog qhov txaus siab, yooj yim dua nws yuav txav mus rau nws thaum lub sijhawm tsis muaj nqis lossis nqa. Tab sis nws yuav siv ntau qhov chaw. Txoj kev xaiv zoo tshaj yog 26-32.

• Theem qhov tob. Tus nqi no feem ntau tsis pub ntau tshaj 30 cm. Hauv cov xwm txheej pa, qhov tob ntawm theem tab tom sim ua raws li qhov loj ntawm tus neeg txhais ceg. Rau hauv qab daus, qhov mob no tsis tas, txij li qhov sib ntxiv, txij li qhov sib ntxiv rau qhov ntev ntawm tag nrho cov qauv thiab, yog li ntawd, nws yuav siv ntau qhov chaw.

• Theem qhov siab. Ranges los ntawm 15 mus rau 20 cm. Qhov no yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev coj kom zoo. Tsis xav tau siab nce koj ob txhais ceg. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias qhov siab ntawm txhua cov kauj ruam yog tib yam. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub qhov twg lub Peb Hlis ntev tsis faib, tom qab ntawd centimeters ntxiv yog ntxiv rau thawj zaug lossis theem kawg.

Laij cov lej ntawm cov kauj ruam hauv txoj kev hauv qab no: Qhov ntev ntawm tus qauv tsim tau muab faib ua kev kwv yees ntawm cov kauj ruam. Piv txwv li, nrog tus ntaiv qhov siab ntawm 2.5 m thiab ib theem, 0.15 m yog tau txais los ntawm 16.6 cov ntsiab lus. Txij li thaum daim duab tsis yog tag nrho, tom qab ntawd lawv tau thov raws li hauv qab no: 2.5 m tau muab faib ua 16 thiab tau txais qhov siab ntawm 0.156 m lossis 17, tom qab ntawd qhov siab ntawm cov kauj ruam yuav yog 0.147 m.

Kev tsim kho ntawm cov pob zeb

Tus ntaiv ua los ntawm cov pob zeb ua rau hauv qab daus hauv lub tsev rustic yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws. Cov txiaj ntsig tau pom tseeb:

• tsis raug mob corrosion;
• tsis khoov;
• Yuav tsis keak nyob rau lub sijhawm.

Cov minuses suav qhov tseeb tias nws yog qhov zoo dua rau Mount nws nyob rau theem ntawm lub tsev ntiav tsev ntiav. Yog tias qhov xwm txheej no tau tshwm sim tias lub tswv yim tuaj tom qab, ces nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau npaj rau lub sijhawm no siv cov txheej txheem thiab, muaj peev xwm, cov nqi txiav txim siab.

Ua ntej ua tus ntaiv mus rau hauv qab daus nrog koj tus kheej tes, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los xam tsis tsuas yog nws cov khoom siv, tab sis kuj yog cov khoom tsim nyog:

• Maas, xuab zeb, crushed pob zeb;
• Qhov kev txhawb zog rau qhov ua kom lub zog;
• Ntoo rau formwork.

Txhua yam tsis tau xav tawm ntawm theem ntawm kev kos duab kos duab, raws li tus qauv tsim yog monolithic thiab ua kev hloov kho yuav tsis tau.

Cov neeg suav tau yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm ntsia hlau lossis kev xaiv nrog cov kauj ruam khiav.

Kauj Ruam 1 - Ntau Lawm Lub Hauv Paus

Qhov kev npaj ntawm lub hauv paus rau lub pob zeb ua staircase nyob ntawm seb kev sib deev twg tau teem rau hauv qab daus. Yog tias ib lub pob zeb ua pob zeb yog qhov ua kom tuab zoo li, tom qab ntawd lub hauv paus yog tsis tsim nyog tsim. Txwv tsis pub, ntawm qhov chaw ntawm haum cov khoom rau hauv pem teb, lub vev xaib tau muab tso nrog qhov ntev me ntsis ntxiv lub Peb Hlis.

Txhawm rau kom muaj lub hauv paus, cov txheej txheej sab saud ntawm 0.5 m raug tshem tawm. Rub tawm ib lub pob zeb tsoo nrog lub tshuab tuab ntawm 20 cm, nws yog nruj nreem sai. Nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm txheej ncuav qhob pob zeb ua muaj cov xuab zeb, xis mas thiab rubble.

Kauj ruam 1 - Sib dhos ntawm kev txhawb nqa cov thav duab thiab teeb tsa ntawm cov formwork

Ua ntej nchuav cov ntaiv, cov formwork yog qhov tsim nyog nrog qhov tseeb ntawm qhov loj me uas pom hauv daim duab. Nws yog cov formwork uas muab rau kev tsim kho tsim nyog ntawm kev tsim kho. Thiab kom muab lub zog, ua raws li yuav tsum tau hloov lub cuab tam.

Yuav pib nrog, pawg thawj coj tau muab ntsia. Lawv cov rigidity ntawm ib sab muab phab ntsa, thiab sab nraud, cov laug cam tau nruab. Cov laug cam tswj cov qhob sib kis thiab muab lub hauv paus rau cov formwork yog txuas rau cov kauj ruam.

Nyob rau theem tom ntej, lub lawj yog ntsia, uas yog, lub hauv paus rau pob zeb. Nws txoj haujlwm uas muaj cov ntawv ruaj khov ntawm plywood lossis wm. Nws cov tuab yog 18-20 hli. Hauv qab, lub lawj yog tsau nrog kev txhawb nqa rau kev tiv thaiv kev deflection hauv qab thauj. Rau kev txhawb kev siv cov kab nrog kev hla hla ntawm 50 × 50 hli lossis 150 × 50 txiag.

Kev muab Formwork, tuav cov kev cai yooj yim:

• Txhua qhov txuas ua tiav tsuas yog los ntawm cov screws wood, cov ntsia hlau tsis tuaj yeem siv tau.

• Qhov ruaj khov thiab lub zog ntawm cov formwork yog tus yuam sij rau qhov tseeb tias nws yuav tsis nkag thaum lub sijhawm sau ntawv sau thiab yav tom ntej tsim nyog.

Tshooj ntawm cov ncauj lus: Yuav ua li cas cais cov staircase hauv lub tsev: Xaiv cov khoom siv ntsej muag | +65 Duab

Tom qab npaj, lub hauv paus yog txheej txheem nrog kev txhawb nqa. Siv los ntxiv dag zog rau Monolitha qhov cuab lub zog nrog kev hla hla ntu ntawm 10-12 hli. Lawv yuav tsum khi lawv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib mesh nrog ntawm tes loj rau ntawm kev loj 100 × 120 hli. Cov pob yog ua nrog cov hlau loj. Ntau cov kev cuam tshuam cov thav duab hluav taws xob yog Welded, tab sis tus txheej txheem no muab cov qauv kev ntseeg tau, txij li hauv kev thauj khoom sib tw tuaj yeem cuam tshuam.

Txhawm rau txhim kho cov kauj ruam thiab tiv thaiv cov kab, lawv cov npoo ua qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog ntawm cov khoom. Thaum kawg theem kawg, ua ntej sau, nws tau teeb tsa cov hneev uas ua ib daim formwork rau cov kauj ruam.

Txoj cai tseem ceeb thaum lub zog: lub valve yuav tsum nyob kom tau yog li ntawd nws yog tom qab uas tau them tsawg kawg 4 cm.

Ntawm Video: nues ntawm moj khaum rau cov staircase.

Theem Naj Npawb 3 - hliv ntaiv

Txhawm rau sau cov formwork nrog lub pob zeb sib xyaw ib zaug. Yog li ntawd, ib cov khoom siv txaus tau npaj. Txwv tsis pub, cov monolith ntawm cov qauv yuav raug kev txom nyem thiab kev nyiam cov kab nrib pleb zoo li.

Ncuav lub pob zeb ua staircase nrog kev daws teeb meem los ntawm hauv qab theem. Tsiv yog nqa tawm ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov formwork. Cov sib tov yog hliv rau hauv txhua kauj ruam, nws yog tusyees faib thiab ua kom huv. Qhov saum npoo yog leveled los ntawm trowel.

Tom qab cov pob zeb ua kom muaj me ntsis, hauv qhov chaw ntawm kev txuas ntawm cov nqaj hlau hauv pob zeb ua, cov ntoo me me yog muab raus. Ntawm cov npoo ntawm cov kauj ruam, cov xaim hlau yog nias kom tiv thaiv qhib rau yav tom ntej.

Tom qab hnub, cov formwork yog dismantled, thiab cov nplaim yog them nrog cellophane. Qhov no yuav xyuas kom cov khaub ncaws kom qhuav ntawm cov monolith.

Theem No. 4 - Xov

Qhov kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov staircase nyob rau hauv qab daus ntawm lub tsev suav nrog ib lub cuab yeej ntawm txoj kev tsheb nqaj hlau thiab kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov kauj ruam. Cov tsheb nqaj hlau tuaj yeem ua ntoo lossis hlau. Txawm hais tias nyob rau hauv qab daus hauv ntau kis, tus railing yuav tsis ntsia. Cov saum npoo ntawm cov kauj ruam yog thawj txhij txhua. Tom qab ntawd, ntawm kev thov ntawm cov neeg xauj tsev, lawv tuaj yeem pub mis los ntawm cov vuas luaj ceramic lossis nruab ntoo.

Txhim Kho Ntawm Cov Hlau Stair Stair

Tus ntaiv ua los ntawm cov kav hlau profile hauv cov av hauv qab daus tuaj yeem tso tau yooj yim dua li cov pob zeb. Los ntawm qhov hnyav, nws yooj yim dua. Tab sis hauv qab daus microclimal tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov hlau, yog li lawv nqa tawm tag nrho kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov qauv ntawm corrosion.

Rau cov ntaus ntawv ntawm cov staircase hlau hauv qab daus, koj yuav xav tau:

• Schawler tooj 10;
• Armature;
• Hlau fab hlau nrog qhov loj me ntawm 50 × 50 hli;
• Apparatus rau vuam;
• Bulgarian;
• steel ntawv;
• txhim kho qib.

Kauj Ruam Nub 1 - Npaj ntawm cov lus hauv cov ntsiab lus

Kev npaj ntawm lub hauv paus nyob rau hauv cov staircase hauv av hauv av ntawm tus qauv ntiag tug tuaj yeem ua hauv ob txoj kev. Ob qho tib si pib nrog kev npaj ntawm kev nyuaj siab ntawm 1 × 0.4 m thiab ib tug tob ntawm 0.5 m. Nyob hauv qab ntawm cov pits, txheej ntawm cov khib nyiab yog poured. Cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv yog txawv.

Hauv thawj kis, cov qhob yog nchuav, tsis ncav cuag ntawm ntug kev 15 cm. Puv nkaus puv tom qab kev tsim qauv rau lub hauv paus. Hauv qhov xwm txheej thib ob, cov pob zeb ua tiav tag lawm, tab sis cov kev qiv nyiaj yuav tsev. Lawv lub luag haujlwm ua si fittings nrog rau kab hla ntawm 12 hli. Xaus yuav tsum tau ua saum toj no hauv av los ntawm 25 cm.

Theem №2 - installation ntawm tus ntaiv

Schwellers yuav ua raws li kev txhawb nqa uas cov kauj ruam yog tsau. Lawv tau tsau rau sab sauv sib tshooj nrog cov bolts ntawm qhov deb ntawm 0.9 m ntawm txhua lwm yam. Lawv qhov kawg tau raug ntsia rau ntawm lub hauv paus thiab weld rau tsev qiv nyiaj yuav tsev.

Yog tias koj xav tau tsim ob-zaj dab neeg hlau staircase rau hauv cellar, tom qab ntawd lub xaib yog sau ua ntej. Square yog welded los ntawm cov channel nyob rau hauv xws li ib txoj kev uas tiv thaiv npoo nyob ntawm txhua sab. Lawv yuav pab kom cov workpiece ntawm phab ntsa hauv qab daus.

Tshooj ntawm cov ncauj lus: Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaiv: tsim kev nyab xeeb thiab xis tsim

Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov cosoms tag nrho rau yav tas los ntsia, cov tsev teev ntuj yuav tsum tau welded hlau fab. Fastening yog nqa tawm sab hauv. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws yuav tsum yog daim duab hauv qab no.

Theem No. 3 - Ua tiav kawg

Tom qab tsim qauv yog ua tiav siav, ua rau nws tiav. Pib nrog kev sib tsoo hlau. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, vuam seams yog pawg. Ntau tus masters ua cov kab txaij no nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem vuam. Tom qab ntawd nrog lub teeb txav nrog lub voj voog rau kev sib tsoo los ntawm cov hlau hais, xeb yog muab tshem tawm. Lim tsim qauv yog tag nrho cov kev them nrog Primer muaj pes tsawg leeg.

Tom ntej no, npaj mus rau trimming ntawm cov kauj ruam. Rau qhov no, yog nplooj ntoos nplooj, lossis cov ntoo ntoo. Ntawm ob sab yog welded railing.

On Video: Ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv hlau yooj yim.

Ntau lawm ntawm tus ntaiv los ntawm tsob ntoo

Ntawm lub installcase ntawm staircase los ntawm ntoo hauv qab daus ntawm lub tsev ntiag tug, ib qho yuav tsum pom zoo nrog kev ntseeg siab tias lub microclimate hauv nws yuav muaj tsawg degree ntawm noo noo. Txwv tsis pub, cov khoom yuav nyob ntev dua. Tab sis txawm nyob rau theem ib txwm muaj, txhua qhov kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau nqa tawm: rau impregnate lub qhov cub Cheebtsam los ntawm cov tshuaj antiseptic thiab los npog nrog cov xim lossis cov kua roj vanish.

Rau cov cuab yeej ntawm cov ntoo staircase, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los npaj:

• ci ci rau cososov;
• Cov laug cam ntawm 250 × 38 hli;
• thauj tog rau nkoj bolts;
• Tus kheej tapping ntsia hlau;
• Electrolovik;
• dav hlau;
• sib tsoo lossis cov xuab zeb;
• Ntsia hau.

Kauj ruam tus lej 1 - Ntau lawm thiab kev teeb tsa ntawm Cososov

Ua ntej kev txhim kho cov boosters yuav tsum npaj. Los ntawm cov khoom siv ntom ntom (cov laug cam / plywood) txiav tawm theem ntawm theem raws li daim duab. Nws tau thov rau sab ntawm lub nqaj thiab ua rau lub markup ntawm kev npaj ntawm cov kauj ruam ntawm cov kauj ruam thoob plaws ntawm Kosouro.

Siv Jigsaw, txiav tawm cov ntu ntxiv. Kev txiav yog kiv nrog tus planer thiab ntxuav nrog cov xuab zeb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, ob lub kakeyer yuav tsum tau txais.

Npaj peev txheej tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv txoj kab nqes. Qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yuav tsum sib haum rau qhov dav ntawm kev tsim qauv tiav. Overlapping Beams tau tsau los ntawm thauj tog rau nkoj Bolts. Qhov qis dua yog txuas nrog lub hauv paus nrog cov hlau sib dhos.

Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog ob-hnub staircase, tus xaib yog ntxiv rau. Tom qab ntawd lub boosters yog thawj ntsia los ntawm kev sib tshooj mus rau lub xaib, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm nws mus rau hauv pem teb.

Kauj ruam Nqe 2 - Ntau lawm cov kauj ruam

Cov kauj ruam rau cov ntoo staircase ua kom zoo nkauj. Cov laug cam tau txiav ntawm cov ntsiab sib npaug, ua tiav lawv ua ntej los ntawm lub dav hlau, tom qab ntawd sib tsoo nrog lub tshuab lossis cov ntawv nkig. Ib yam li ntawd, koj npaj ntsug qhov chaw uas yog se ntswg kauj ruam.

Nyob Tshooj 3 - tsim qauv tsim

Tom qab lub boosters yog ntsia, cov ntsiab lus rau cov kauj ruam tau npaj, npaj mus rau kev sib dhos ntawm tag nrho cov qauv. Ua ntej, lub ncuav yog txuas nrog cov nqaj, thiab lawv tau ntsia lawv. Txhua lub freakeners yog ua los ntawm kev kos tus kheej. Cov limhiam yuav tsum tau nqa nrog qib ntu.

Nyob rau theem tom ntej, tus railing yog mounted. Rau lawv, cov ceg yog haum nrog kev hla hla ntawm 80 × 60 hli. Billts yog txiav 1 m ntev. Txhua tus tau ntxuav thiab zom. Koj tuaj yeem muab daim duab ua rau lub tshuab milling. Tom qab ntawd cov blanks yog ntsia hlau rau cov kauj ruam, thiab nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm tes tuav.

Daim duab Balasins lossis cov kab tuav tau nruab rau ntawm cov ntoo ntoo ntoo ua ntej raws li cov kauj ruam nyob ib puag ncig ntawm cov npoo.

Hauv kev xaus, tus ntsia hlau ntsia. Lawv tsau siv siv cov screws tus kheej. Nyob rau theem no, lub rooj sib txoos ua tiav, nws tseem yuav tau muab tso tseg txhua lub ntsiab ntawm ntaiv thiab xim.

Tus ntaiv hauv qab daus ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev mus rau lawv tus kheej txhais tes yog ib qho yooj yim. Txhua yam nws yog nyob ntawm kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv. Qhov loj tshaj plaws yog kom ntsuas qhov teeb meem no, kawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm microclimate hauv qab daus. Raws li qhov no, kos cov lus xaus hais txog qhov qauv tsim yuav yog qhov kev pom zoo tshaj plaws.

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Piv txwv ntawm cov ntaiv rau hauv qab daus thiab cellar (40 duab)