Daim duab
Balconies, Loggia thiab cov phab ntsa txias hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm Lavxias teb lub caij ntuj no xav tau kev rwb thaiv tsev kub. Cov ntaub ntawv rau qhov no muaj qhov loj. Ib qho ntawm lawv yog polyurethane ua npuas ncauj lossis PPU, raws li cov vaj tse hu nws. Nyob rau hauv Russia, rwb thaiv tsev pib siv tsis ntev los no. Cov ntaub ntawv no tau thov los ntawm kev txau yooj yim thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev, yog li hauv peb cov npoo hnyav nws tau sai sai nws txoj kev muaj koob meej.
Tag nrho cov qauv yog tusyees noo noo nrog cov huab cua huab cua tsis suav nrog, thiab lawv cov khoom, yog li 25% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom ntawm cov khoom.
Hauv Tebchaws Europe, Polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yog siv tsis yog ib lub xyoo. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sijhawm rov kho dua ntawm Paris, cov seem ntawm PPU tsim tawm hauv lub xyoo pua xyoo 1930 ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem tau pom.
Hais txog cov khoom nws tus kheej, nws yuav tsum tau sau tseg tias Polyurethane ua npuas ncauj kom raug cais tawm saum npoo av, thaum tswj kom kub.
Txheej txheem insulating yog tsim los ntawm kev txau yooj yim ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm ob qho tshuaj, polyol thiab polyisocyanate. Kev sib xyaw, cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke thiab sab hauv ntawm cov huab cua lossis cov pa roj carbon dioxide tuaj yeem tshwj tseg, tsis muaj teeb meem rau cov neeg, tab sis tsis zoo ua kom sov.
Hom PPU thiab Cov Puam
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- Qhib (Elastic), nrog lub ntom ntom ntawm 10-20 kg / m³;
- Moos lub moos (nyuaj), nrog lub ntom ntom ntawm 20-30 kg / mg thiab saum toj, mus txog 80 kg / mp.
Polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv lub chav ntawm tshav kub tsis taus, raws li tau tiv nrog nws cov dej tsis muaj dej.
Elastic ppus txog li 90% ntawm cov hlwb qhib. Tsawg ntom ntom muab nws muaj peev xwm kom ncab. Hard ppus txog li 98% ntawm lub hlwb kaw. Qhov no thiab siab ntom ntom ua nws ib qho txawv txav insulating cov khoom siv.
Ntau hom yog siv nyob rau hauv spheres sib txawv. Yog tias peb tab tom tham txog txau ntawm cov khoom uas tuaj yeem hloov nws qhov ntev - piv txwv li lub zog, cov poob qis thaum cov tee kub elincyst tau siv. Nws yog qhov tsis tseem ceeb rau kev ywg dej, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev sib xyaw ntawm phab ntsa thiab ru tsev, rau txau rau ntawm cov cua ntoo thiab hlau, sib chwv nrog cua txias sab nraum lub tsev.
Kaw (nyuaj) polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yog siv rau sab hauv kev sib cais thiab ua haujlwm sab nraum chav. Nws yog feem ntau cuam rau saum npoo ntawm cov pob zeb ua, xis mas thiab thwv cib. Close-dawb ppu tseem siv thaum lawv xav muab ib qho kev sib luag ntxiv rau lub moj khaum. Nws lub zog siab tso cai rau koj kom muaj peev xwm ntxiv dag zog rau cov khoom tsis muaj peev xwm. Ntxiv rau ob hom ppu ntau, thiab lub cons yog tsawg heev.
Qab hau
Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb uas tau nthuav tawm rau cov khoom siv npaj rau thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog cov coefficient ntawm thermal conductivity. Kev hais txog, cov coefficient, qhov me dua cov cua sov yuav dhau los ntawm cov khoom thiab poob rau hauv cov huab cua. Ntawm no yog ib lub rooj uas qhia meej meej tias polyurethane tsis sib npaug hauv tshav kub rwb thaiv tsev:
Tshooj ntawm cov ncauj lus: Quartz teeb rau kev tua kab mob ntawm thaj chaw
| Khoom | Coefficient ntawm thermal conductivity |
| Polyurene Ceering | 0,019 - 0.03. |
| Polystyrene Ua Npuas Ncauj | 0.03 - 0.037 |
| Cov ntaub plaub av | 0, 04 - 0.05 |
| Ua Npuas Ua Npuas | 0.056 - 0.098 |
Txawm li cas los xij, PPU muaj lwm yam zoo. Namely:
Polyurethane ua npuas ncauj phab ntsa rwb thaiv tsev cov qauv.
- Tsawg thermal conductivity thiab heev siab thermal rwb thaiv tsev zog;
- kom muaj suab, Hydro thiab Vaporizolation;
- thov kom muaj tshuaj tsuag tsuas yog;
- Cov adhesion zoo tshaj plaws, uas yog, muaj peev xwm ntseeg tau lo rau txhua qhov chaw, nrog rau teflon thiab silicone;
- Muaj peev xwm nthuav dav, txhaws nrog tag nrho cov slots thiab qhov, mus txog qhov me me;
- lub peev xwm cais tawm cov chaw nyuaj tshaj plaws, articulation ntawm cov qauv thiab zawj;
- tsis muaj nqaws;
- Tsis muaj dej xau thiab cov txuas hniav txias;
- kev tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv teev los ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov pwm;
- Lub siab qhib kom qhib nplaim vim ntxiv ntawm cov nplaim taws retardants, cov tshuaj uas muab refactory;
- kev siv ceev thiab yooj yim;
- Kev pabcuam ntev - 20-25 xyoos.
Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yog nws txoj kev ua phooj ywg siab. Nws tsis tas sau cov neeg siv hluav taws xob. Nws tsis muaj styrene lossis asbestos txaus ntshai rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv.
tsis zoo
Cov npe luv ntawm cov minuses PPU xws li:
Txhawm rau kom zam cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thaum txau polyurethane ua npuas, hnav lub tsom iav, tsom iav kev nyab xeeb thiab ris tsho kom nruj.
- tus nqi siab;
- Rhiab heev rau kev tshav ntuj ncaj qha. Qhov twg polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yog raug rau lub hnub, nws cov qauv pib tawg. Qhov no txo lub neej pabcuam;
- rhiab heev rau qhov kub thiab txias thaum lub sijhawm ntawv thov;
- Ntau dhau kev nthuav dav ntawm kev kub siab PPU thaum ua ntawv thov rau txheej tuab tam sim ntawd, tsis yog txheej, tuaj yeem tsoo cov qauv;
- Kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv thaum lub sijhawm thov. Ib qho ntawm PPU Cheebtsam yog polyisocyanate - ua rau lub qhov muag tsis haum thiab ua pa ua pa.
Txhawm rau kom PPU tsis ploj nws cov kev ua tau zoo, cua sov nyob rau hauv lub hnub, nws tau pleev xim rau lossis them nrog cov txheej tshwj xeeb - sidle, profile profile, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub, zoo nkauj lauj kaub. Thiab kom tsis txhob muaj teeb meem thaum txau, ua haujlwm nrog cov npuas polyurethane ua yeeb yam yog ua tau zoo rau lub caij ntuj sov. Ib qho ntxiv, txhawm rau zam cov teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thaum txau, PPU yuav tsum hnav los ntawm lub tsom iav, tsom iav kev nyab xeeb thiab ris tsho nruj.
Thaum tshav kub kub rwb thaiv tsev sam thiaj
Niaj hnub no muaj 2 tus muaj peev xwm los ua kom sov lub sam thiaj lossis tsev nrog kev pab ntawm PPU. Koj tuaj yeem caw cov tuam txhab uas nrawm thiab kev tshaj lij yuav yog insulated los ntawm polyurethane ua npuas dej hauv qhov chaw yog. Tab sis nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias tsis yog txhua lub tuam txhab yuav coj cov ntawv tso nyiaj yog tias cov kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm me me. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, koj tuaj yeem siv cov teeb tsa rau tshuaj tsuag ppu nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes.Tshooj ntawm cov ncauj lus: Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov phiaj-txeej rau chav dej: Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb
Ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws tshaj lij
Nov yog txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws. Cov tuam txhab uas cuam tshuam nrog PPUS siv cov tshuab hluav taws xob cov roj hluav taws xob ntau nruab nrog lub Vortex Chamber uas muaj siab txog li 140 ATM. Cov khoom sib xyaw zoo tau txais ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm Chamber cov foos ua tiav txheej txheej ntawm rwb thaiv tsev.
Nws yog nrog kev pab los ntawm cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj zog uas tsim cov rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm PPU ntawm cov nce ntom ntawm 40, 60 thiab 80 kg / mp. Niaj hnub no, cov ntaub ntawv xws li siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm cov tsev txheej, qhov twg 50 hli feoamed polyurethane hloov 110 hli cib ntsa.
Raws li txoj cai, yog tias cov thermal rwb thaiv tsev yog nqa tawm los ntawm cov rog ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, tus tswv yog los npaj cov chaw rau lawv tuaj txog. Phab ntsa, muab faib lossis sib tshooj, xav tau kev rwb thaiv tsev, yuav tsum qhuav thiab huv. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov khib nyiab thiab tshem tawm cov nplaim taws ntawm cov xim nrov. Qhov saum qhov cub kub kom zoo dua qub (steeling) polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yuav tsum tsis txhob qis dua + 10˚.
Polyurethane ua npuas ncauj yog siv sai sai. Tom qab 20-30 vib nas this, lub rwb thaiv tsev nthuav mus rau cov volumes xav tau thiab pib lo.
Ppu txau
Niaj hnub no, muaj tshwj xeeb muab kev teeb tsa ntawm kev muag khoom, pub thermal rwb thaiv tsev los ntawm polyurethane ua npuas ncauj nws tus kheej. Yeej, lawv zwm rau cov khoom siv ua npuas ncauj.Cov pawg ntawm kev teeb tsa muaj xws li:
Rau cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo, polyurethane ua npuas ncauj ntim nrog cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj qhov kub tsawg dua + 21˚.
- 2 thooj voos kheej kheej nrog cov khoom pleev xim rau hauv cov xim sib txawv;
- 3 m ntev hoses nrog cim xim tsim nyog;
- Rab phom phom;
- installation tus yuam sij;
- teeb tsa hloov chaw hloov chaw;
- Hnab looj tes yas thiab ib pob nrog Silicone nozzle.
Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias muaj 4 hom khoom siv ua npuas ncauj nruab rau ntau hom ppus.
Yog tias nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau tshuaj tsuag polyurethane ua npuas nrog kev nce ntom ntom ntom, 28-30 kg / mg, siv cov khoom ua npuas dej 200 lossis foam khoom siv 600.
Qhov ntim ntawm cov khoom kawg yog txawv. Kev paub ntawm cov ntim tso cai rau koj los xam seb yuav muaj pes tsawg qhov kev sib sau ua ke kom haum rwb thaiv tsev ntawm chav tsev lossis lawj.
Ua npuas ncauj khoom 200 (FK 200) muab 0.47 maub ntawm rwb thaiv tsev. Xav tias rau cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo, txheej PPU yog 25 hli, koj tuaj yeem suav tau hais tias qhov kev teeb tsa no yuav ua rau koj sov siab 18.8 M² phab ntsa. FK 600 yuav muab cov zis ntawm 1.4 miv ntawm kev sib cais tas, uas tso cai rau koj sov 56 m².
Kuj tseem muaj cov nroj tsuag rau txau ppu nrog txo qis ntom, 16-20 kg / mp. Qhov no yog fk 300 thiab fk 1000. Cov khoom siv ua npuas dej 300 tawm 0.7 maub ntawm cov txheej txheem ua npuas dej polyurethane ua kom tiav, uas yog sib npaug ntawm cov txheej kub ntawm 25 hli. Nrog fk 1000, koj tuaj yeem tau txais 2.33 m³ ntawm foamed polyurethane. Uas nrog cov tshuaj txau uas zoo huv yuav yog insulated nrog 93.2 m².
Tshooj nyob rau lub ncauj lus: Yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua duab kos duab ib mem hluav taws koj tus kheej
Nws yuav tsum tau nyob hauv siab tias rau cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev zoo, polyurethane ua npuas ncauj ntim nrog cov khoom siv yuav tsum qis dua + 21˚. Yog hais tias lub installation tau muab cia rau qee lub sijhawm hauv qhov txias, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los khaws cia thaum lub chav nyob hauv chav tsev nyob rau hauv chav tsev nyob rau hauv chav kawm ntawm + 27˚ - Qhov kev ncua no suav hais tias yog qhov txaus siab tshaj plaws rau PPU.
Daim ntawv thov nrog lub installation yog yooj yim rau qhov kawg. Ua ntej, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum kom huv si los ntawm cov khib nyiab thiab lub phab ntsa khov kho lossis tus qauv tsim rau rwb thaiv tsev. Yog tias qhov chaw tsis ua los ntawm cov hlau, koj yuav tsum tos kom tsawg 24 teev kom cov dej noo uas nkag mus rau hauv txheej sab nraud ntawm cov khoom siv tau yooj yim. Qhov rai, qhov rooj thiab thaj chaw, uas nyiam dua los tiv thaiv PPU, tiv thaiv nrog polyethylene, ua rau nws cov duab pleev xim.
Kev tu thiab cov chaw qhuav, koj tuaj yeem txav mus rau cov lus. Ib lub tshuab ua pa thiab cov hnab looj tes uas nyob ib sab ntawm lub ntsej muag yuav tsum muab tso rau. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov khaub ncaws siv tshwj xeeb txhua yam.
Tom qab ntawd npaj mus ua ke lub installation. Thaum xub thawj, lub nozzle tso rau ntawm rab phom txau. Lub installation tseem ceeb rau cov ntim yog koom nrog los ntawm hoses, nyob ntawm lawv cov xim cim. Tom qab ntawd, lub hoses tau txuas nrog rab phom, thiab cov teeb tsa tau npaj txhij ua haujlwm.
Ua ntej pib ua kom muaj kuab polyurethane ua npuas ncauj ntawm phab ntsa, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los ua tus qauv. Nyob rau ntawm ib daim ntawm polyethylene ua sputtering ceev thiab saib qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub nozzle thiab cov nplaim xwm yooj yim tshaj plaws. Qhov kev ncua deb zoo tshaj plaws rau kev thov cov rwb thaiv tsev yog 40-60 cm. Thaum ppu nrog ib tug neeg sib zog tsis sib xws thiab cov khoom siv nce ntau.
Kev teeb tsa ntawm cov txau ntawm polyurethane yuav tsum ua haujlwm tsis yog. Lub khov rwb thaiv tsev clogs lub nozzle hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Kev teeb tsa tuaj yeem siv 2 zaug, tab sis rau qhov no tam sim ntawd tom qab ua haujlwm tas, koj yuav tsum tau tshem tawm thiab ntxuav tawm ntawm insulator los ntawm insulator nyob rau ntawd, thiab rab phom thiab cov neeg sib xyaw los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw. Zaum ob txau nrog kev pab ntawm kev teeb tsa tau ua hauv 30 hnub.
Pib siv
Raws li rwb thaiv tsev, polyurethane ua npuas ncauj tsis muaj sib npaug. Chav tsev thiab lub tsev ntiav txhua lub sijhawm tso tawm thaum tshav kub kub. Kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm lub thermal immerner thermal hluav taws xob - pom tias lub sam thiaj, logo thiab phab ntsa ntawm cov vaj tse niaj hnub poob li 35% ntawm cov cua sov tau los ntawm cov cua sov. Lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm polyurethane ua npuas dej tso cai rau koj kom txo cov kev poob no txog 5-7%.
Xav txog cov tsev sai npaum li cas tam sim no yuav pom nrog cov me me metres me me, undubted cov txiaj ntsig yog pom tseeb. Nws tau kwv yees hais tias cov tswv ntawm cov tsev ntiav uas siv polyurethane ua npuas dej ua tus rwb thaiv tsev, them nyiaj rau nws tau them 8-10 xyoo, txuag nws cov cua sov.
