Tam sim no, Kevlar tau dhau los ua cov khaub ncaws ib txwm muaj ntawm cov khaub ncaws thiab khoom siv ntawm cov neeg uas muaj kev pheej hmoo: Tub Rog thiab Stayment thiab cov kws tshawb fawb, cov neeg ncaws pob thiab cov neeg ncaws pob. Kev ntsuas kev siv lub zog, uas yuav tsum tau muaj lub zog, xws li kis lub tsev yacht, thiab cov thev naus laus zis ntau lawm yog txhim kho. Cov. Cov khoom no tau txais ib nrab xyoo dhau los, thiab ntau tus yuav zoo li tus poj niam tau los ua nws tus kws sau ntawv.
Keevlar tshwm li cas?
Nws yog cov cim qhia tias qhov kev hloov siab ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb fiber ntau stephanie kolk thaum yau nyiam ntxuav cov khaub ncaws rau menyuam roj hmab. Tom qab tsev kawm ntawv, nws tau txais tus kws tshuaj tshwj xeeb ntawm Carnegie University, tab sis ua npau suav ntawm cov tshuaj. Yuav kom tau nyiaj rau kev kawm ntawm University, xyoo 1946 tus ntxhais pib ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv kev txhawj xeeb txog nws tau hais tias nws txoj hauj lwm tseem yog Chemistry. Xyoo 1964, cov pab pawg kollyk tau ua haujlwm ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm kev tsim cov polyariamides - cov qauv polyariamides - cov qauv polymeric nrog cov qauv hauv lub log tsheb. Tsis kam rau cov qauv yaj, Stephanie tau txais ib hom kev daws teeb meem, uas thaum dhau los ntawm cov ntxaij lim tawm mus rau hauv gramid xov.
Thaum lub txiaj ntsig fiber ntau pib sim rau lub zog, cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau txiav txim siab tias cov khoom siv tsoo - lub zog ntawm cov khoom tshiab yog tsib zaug ntau dua li ntawm cov hlau.
Cov khoom tshiab hu ua Kevlar, tau txais kev lag luam siv nyob rau hauv lub xya. Nws tau pib siv rau cov log tsheb ntau lawm, cov hlua khi, cov khoom siv sib xyaw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tub rog thiab cov neeg siv hluav taws xob tau them rau lub zog siab ntawm polyaramid fibers, lub hom phiaj yog kev txhim kho ntawm tus kheej txhais tau tias kev tiv thaiv. Lub tswv yim ntawm lub cev armor tau tshwm sim thaum thawj lub ntiaj teb Tsov Rog (nws tus sau yog tus kws sau ntawv conan doyle), tab sis cov hlau tsoos hlau tau hnyav thiab hla kev.
Tshooj ntawm cov ncauj lus: Ntawv teeb moos soos ua rau koj tus kheej. Tus qauv
Cov kws tshaj lij ntawm American National Institute of Kev Ncaj Ncees rau ntau xyoo siv tau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv rau cov tshuaj 38 caliber muab tshuajlar cov nqaij nyob hauv xya txheej. Cov theem kawg ntawm kev xeem ua teb pom tias lub zog ntawm lub cev ua rog txo nrog nws lub chaw ntub dej txo qis thiab thaum nthuav tawm UV rays. Nws kuj tau pom tias kev npuaj muag cov khoom cuam tshuam rau lawv cov khoom tiv thaiv tom qab ntau cov sib zog, thiab lawv tsis zam kev ntxuav hniav dawb thiab qhuav.
Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev tsim tawm yog lub cuab yeej siv kev muag muag nrog cov txheej tiv thaiv dej, muab kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov dej ntawm cov dej thiab lub hnub Cov. Ntxiv rau, siv cov kaus mom hlau, hnab looj tes, khaus khaus, thiab lwm yam. Pib siv los ua kev tiv thaiv tus kheej.
Cov khoom ntawm aramid fibers
Ntxiv rau lub zog siab, Kevlar muaj ntau lwm yam muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, uas yog:
- Thaum hu rau hluav taws thiab qhov kub thiab txias, fiber ntau tsis hlawv, tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab tsis yaj;
- Kevlar tsis yog tshuaj lom thiab tsis tawg;
- Qhov kub ntawm nws lub thermoosing yog 430-450 degrees;
- Lub zog ntawm cov av muaj fiber pib pib maj mam tsawg dua thaum ua kom sov ntau dua 150 degrees;
- Thaum khov, Kevlar ua tau tsuas muaj zog, nws muaj peev xwm tiv taus cryogenic kub (txog -200 degrees);
- Cov ntaub ntawv no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hluav taws xob.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub npuag yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm mos, hygroscopicity thiab lub peev xwm rau cua txauv, thiab yog nyiam heev thaum siv. Muaj tseeb, qhov no tsis siv rau cov khaub ncaws tsim los ua haujlwm hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab qhov kub. Txhawm rau nce cov cua sov tsis kam, kev muag yog them nrog txhuas. Cov khoom siv los ntawm xws li cov fiber ntau ntseeg tau tiv thaiv cov cua sov hluav taws xob muaj zog, tiv tauj nrog Hots kub txog 500 degrees, nrog rau ntawm kev sib txig ntawm cov hlau kub.
Nws kuj yuav tsum tau ntxiv tias cov ntaub ntawv no yooj yim heev - ib meter ntawm cov ntaub hnyav 30-60 g, thiab txawm tias nws tsis tshua muaj kev tiv thaiv cov nuj nqis tsuas yog them cov nuj nqis. Qee cov khoom siv pheej yig dua yog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv los ntawm kev ua si xov, uas muab rau lawv tsis kam rau kev tawg thiab tsis muaj kev txwv tsis meej. Cov ntaub siv zoo li no tau siv rau cov ntxig kev tiv thaiv ua haujlwm thiab kev ua kis las, hnab looj tes, nrog rau hnav-resistant stelks. Kev saib xyuas cov khoom lag luam los ntawm lawv yog qhov yooj yim heev. Lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob:
- feem ntau ntxuav;
- Tshuaj ntxuav kom huv;
- raug rau hnub ci.
Tshooj nyob rau lub ncauj lus: Vaj ua-nws-koj tus kheej mob cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov tswv yim
Qhov twg yog kev muag muag?
Qhov no lub zog-zog fiber ntau pom cov kev siv ntau haiv neeg feem ntau - los ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab chaw kev lag luam rau cov kis las thiab mus ncig tebchaws. Kevlar tuaj rau kev ua lag luam nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm xov, Qaum, ntaub, raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw Cov. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws siv yog:
- Zus tau los ntawm log tsheb ntxiv;
- Ua tooj liab thiab fiber ntau cov kab;
- hydrotechnical thiab roj-kev siv roj tshuab ntawm kev kub siab;
- Kev nqus thiab cov cuab yeej thev naus laus zis;
- nkoj nkoj;
- Cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab orthopedic;
- txhais tau tias ntawm tus kheej tiv thaiv rau cov tub rog, cov neeg siv hluav taws xob, cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv huab;
- Sportswear thiab khoom siv.
Tsis muaj kev ua xyem xyav, nyob ze yav tom ntej peb tuaj yeem cia siab tias ob qho kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom zoo no thiab cov peev txheej tshiab ntawm nws siv.