Thaum pom lub hav zoov, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tau muab cov khoom noj tam sim ntawd, raws li nws yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntoo pom ntawm ntoo. Cov zis ntawm cov khoom tiav tau yooj yim yuav txawv. Txhua yam nws yog nyob ntawm seb lub hav zoov zoo li cas yog siv seb kev ntsuas los ua kom pom kev txiav zoo. Muaj kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb kom nce kev ua haujlwm ua haujlwm, ua kom cov zis zoo dua, thiab qhov zoo ntawm cov sawing yog siab dua. Ua ntej pom, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav xam txhua yam. Nws tsis nyuaj li nws yuav zoo li, tab sis tus nqi ntws ntawm cov hav zoov puag ncig yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev.
Cov kev xaiv rau kev txiav ntoo.
Yuav ua li cas kom ua tau kev ua tiav ntawm kev txiav
Txhawm rau rau cov ntoo ntoo kom muaj qhov tseem ceeb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los siv kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb kom nce qib ntawm cov txheej txheem:- Kev suav yuav tsum tau ua thaum siv cov kev pab tshwj xeeb, nws yuav muaj kev ua tau zoo, feem pua ntawm kev sib yuav yuav loj.
- Kev sib tw ua ntej yuav tsum raug txheeb xyuas kom cov khoom lag luam yog nqa tawm kom raug.
- Kev txiav nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau siv cov cuab yeej zoo. Txwv tsis pub, tus nqi ntawm cov pov tseg yuav loj, thiab qhov zoo ntawm lub lumber yuav ua qis.
- Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los txiav ib lub cav ntoo saw, cov kev kho ntawm cov nqaim ntau lub sijhawm.
- Cov cav tsis pom zoo kom siv sijhawm ntev.
- Ua ntej ua haujlwm, kho cov khoom siv.
Cov zis ntawm cov ntoo kom tiav yuav txawv. Nws yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias ntawm thawj theem cov laug cam tau txais, tom qab ntawd lawv raug txheeb. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov feem pua txo qis txawm tias ntau dua, rau kev ua kom tiav, nws tuaj yeem tsuas yog 10-20%.
Yuav ua li cas kom ua kom zoo txiav
Muaj kab sib thiab ntau thiab tsawg ntawm kev txiav cov hav zoov hav zoov.
Txhawm rau ua kom cov zis ntawm sawn cov khoom saum toj no, cov txheej txheem txiav yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo. Qhov no siv feem ntau rau cov pob nyiaj uas tseem ceeb curvature. Txhawm rau txiav ib puag ncig hav zoov nkhaus, koj yuav tsum tau ua ib tug lej ntawm kev ua:
- Ua ntej, tsuas yog ib qho hav zoov zoo tau xaiv rau kev ua haujlwm. Yog tias muaj lub rotes, seedlings, nrib pleb ntawm qhov xaus ntawm cov cav uas seem, tom qab ntawd nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom muaj qee qhov chaw.
- Yog tias ib qho kev ncua rott rau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem ua tib zoo muab tshem tawm, tom qab uas nws muaj peev xwm txiav cov seem. Qhov no yuav zam dhau kev poob loj, tau txais cov laug cam nrog qhov ntev ntawm 1 m nrog qhov tsim nyog zoo.
- Nws raug nquahu kom siv lub cav nrog lub cheeb tsam loj kom cov zis tso zis ntau dua. Cov coefficient tuaj yeem yog 1.48-2.1, tab sis nws tag nrho nyob ntawm txoj kab uas hla, qhov zoo ntawm kev ncig ncig, cais, khoom siv. Rau cov qauv kev cob qhia, xws li mefficient yuav yog 1.48-1.6, thiab rau cov kab uas muaj cov khoom siv milling - 1.6 rau hav zoov loj. Nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm tus rounder los ntawm 12 cm, coefficient tej zaum yuav tshaj lub cim ntawm 2.1.
Tshooj ntawm cov ncauj lus: Bookcase nrog koj tus kheej tes: Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv, seem uas muaj teeb meem
Khib ntim tom qab pom
Txhawm rau ua kom tiav lub rooj tsavxwm tiav nrog ib feem pua zoo, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los npaj txhua yam kom raug, kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau nqa tsuas yog nyob rau hauv raws li thev naus laus zis. Puag ncig ntoo coniferous thiab hardwood muab txoj kev sib txawv. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, lub ntim yog tsawg dua, txawm tias siv tshwjporin accessories. Kev txiav ntawm cov sawing yog suav tias yooj yim dua, txij li nws muaj txoj kab ncaj nraim, thiab lub cav muaj qhov loj dua. Cov hav zoov coniferous tsis tshua muaj kev lwj siab, yog li kev sib yuav yog tsawg dua. Rau kev ua kom zoo nkauj, 2 thev naus laus zis feem ntau yog siv:
Ntau yam ntawm sawn ntoo los ntawm hav zoov puag ncig.
- Nrog kev pab ntawm txoj siv hlua khi rau Z75, Z63;
- Nyob rau hauv lub vau, thaum lub semicircular raug txiav rau hauv cov tub ntxhais ntawm cov khoom, dhau los ntawm ntau lub tshuab ntau.
Qhov ntim hauv txoj siv sawdmill yog 40-50%. Thaum siv thev naus laus zis mus rau hauv kev vau, cov zis sib txawv, nws tuaj yeem nce ntxiv rau 70%, tab sis cov nqi ntawm cov haujlwm ntawd yog siab dua. Yog tias lub hav zoov puag ncig yog yuav txiav, qhov ntev ntawm uas yog 3 m, tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem pom tias feem pua ntawm kev sib yuav loj heev, thiab cov khoom seem yuav tsum tau ua. Qhov kev txhawj xeeb no muaj qhov loj ntawm 22x105 (110, 115) X3000 mm. Muaj ntau yam kev sib yuav xws li. Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem ua yeeb yaj kiab, uas tsis haum rau feem ntau ua haujlwm.
Tom qab txheeb cov ntim ntawm cov khoom hardwood, uas yog hais txog ntau yam ntawm 0-2 yuav tsuas yog 20-30% ntawm cov nyiaj uas tau pom tom qab pom. Qhov no txhais tau tias los ntawm tag nrho cov pawg ntawm cov hav zoov puag ncig, cov zis ntawm ib txwm pawg thawj coj yuav tsuas yog 10-20%. Cov khoom seem tsuas yog mus tua hluav taws. Qhov coniferous rounding cov zis yuav sib txawv, tab sis saib xyuas yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau uas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub peev xwm ntim tau tshwm sim.
Lumber tso zis
Txhawm rau nkag mus rau lub lumber yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account ntau. Rau kev kho cov kev suav, koj tuaj yeem xav txog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev tso ntoo puag ncig. Cov ntaub ntawv tau txais ntawm kev paub tiag tiag ntawm cov kws tshaj lij thiab hauv qhov ntsuas ntawm cov kws sim. Qhov no ua rau nws ua tau los sib piv cov feem pua piv, suav cov kev ua kom pom tseeb.
Tshooj ntawm cov ncauj lus: Yuav ua li cas mus nkaum Beams ntawm lub qab nthab
Softwood muaj cov kev hauv qab no tawm:
Chalk lub npe nyob rau hauv lub sawn log.
- Rau cov laug cam thiab lwm cov ntaub ntawv umbered thaum lub sijhawm SAWING, cov txiaj ntsig yuav yog 70%. Nov yog cov khoom siv tau thaum ua tiav, cov khib nyiab yuav yog 30%.
- Rau cov khoom siv tau kho thaum siv Pylomas ntawm 63, 65, 75, yuav muaj ib lub caij nyoog tawm ntawm lub ntoo pom, tag nrho hauv thaj tsam ntawm 45%. Hauv kev siv tawv, cov zis yog feem ntau txog 55-60% ntawm cov khoom tiav. Yog tias koj siv cov txiaj ntsig los txhim kho kev ua tau zoo, tom qab 70% tuaj yeem ua tiav, txawm tias nws yuav tsum muaj kev paub ntau.
- Los ntawm cov disk SawMill, nws yog qhov ua tau kom tau txais lub cav ntoo sawn hauv ib qho nyiaj ntawm 70-75%, txawm tias nws yuav yog 80-75% thaum siv cov kev ua tau zoo. Tab sis koj xav tau kev paub.
Raws li GOST 8486-86, rau qib 0-3 feem pua ntawm cov zis, tsis tas yuav noj mus rau hauv tus account qhov txheeb, yog kwv yees li 70%.
Lwm 30% tuaj yeem tawm mus rau qhov tsis lees txais ntawm cov khoom tiav. Cov khoom tau muab pov tseg tsis muab pov tseg, nws yog siv los ua lwm hom ntawm lub cav ntoo, uas tso cai rau qee lub neej.
Ntawm thaj chaw hav zoov ntawm Hardwood, lwm feem pua ntawm kev tawm yog pom:
- Cov khoom siv tsis tau - 60%.
- Ntawm cov Edged - txog 35-40%, txij li kev nkhaus ntawm cov hav zoov ntawm Hardwood feem ntau yog loj.
Cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem txhim kho, rau qhov no siv cov khoom siv ntxiv. Nws tuaj yeem yog qhov sib txawv tshwj xeeb tshuab, ib qho ntug txiav tshuab, lub tshuab subgrile. Hauv qhov no, nws hloov tawm cov zis ntawm cov txiag ntoo kom nce li 20%. Qhov feem pua muab yog raws cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tau txais qib pawg ntawm 0-4. Thaum txheeb ntau yam 0-1, qhov feem pua ntawm sawn ntoo yog 10%. Kom tau txais lub voos xwmfab ntawm cov khoom siv txhim kho tiav los ntawm Hardwood, nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tsum tau tawg 10 teev ntawm cov hav zoov thawj.
Cov zis ntawm cov ntoo pom los ntawm hav zoov puag ncig yuav sib txawv. Txhua yam nws yog nyob ntawm kev yug tsiaj ntawm ntoo uas siv los ntawm lub sawsivs. Kev ntsuas tshwj xeeb kom nce nyiaj rau koj kom tau txais qhov feem pua ntau dua li nws yog qhov ua tau, tab sis rau qhov no koj yuav tsum muaj qee qhov kev ua haujlwm.
Tshooj ntawm cov ncauj lus: Cov npe lub npe: cov duab puab zoo nkauj los ntawm kev ua neej (45 daim duab)