Palibe chinsinsi chakuti kukonzekera nkhuni kwa ma netcher ndi zopinga zake zimakhala chitsimikizo choti ali ndi chitetezo champhamvu cha anthu. Amatha kukongoletsa nyumba iliyonse, mosasamala kapangidwe kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe ake. Dera lakunja limalola mabungwe ndi alendo kuti apumule ndikukhala okonzeka kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yawo yaulere poyerekeza kuti ali ndi moyo popanda mantha.
Zabwino zazikulu komanso zovuta
Mphamvu yamatabwa
Chifukwa cha zida zamakono komanso zida zamakono, ndizotheka kukhazikitsa zomwe anthu ambiri amakhala nazo. Otetezedwa, komanso khonde loyeserera kuchokera nkhuni, ndizotchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha mndandanda womwe ali nawo:
- Kudalirika kosiyanasiyana.
- Mphamvu zomangamanga.
- Ndi chisamaliro choyenera, zinthuzo ndi zolimba kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza pa njira zonse zomwe zili pamwambazi, mipanda yachilengedwe ndiyotheka
Kwambiri zimakhudza mawonekedwe a nyumbayi:
- Ndi thandizo lawo ndizotheka kusintha nyumba wamba kukhala payekha, polojekiti yopanga.
- Manja amalola kuti mulumikizane ndi kunja ndi mkati mwa kapangidwe kake.
- Chifukwa cha kapangidwe kake, maonekedwe a nyumba yokhala okhala ikuwoneka kuti yatha.
- Kuyenererana koyenera kumachita mipanda yamatabwa kwa malekezero ndi kuphatikiza kwamitengo yamitundu yachilengedwe yokhala ndi mitundu yonse ya mitundu ndi ma handrails.
Samalani mipanda yopangidwa ndi mitengo yosemedwa. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomangamanga imaphatikizidwa mogwirizana ndi zinthu zopingasa komanso zopindika. Zotsatira zake, zimapangidwa veranda kukongoletsa munthawi yapadera.
Kotero kuti kumaliza kwamatabwa kumachitika kwa nthawi yayitali, muyenera kumusamalira
Mamangidwewo ali ndi zovuta zazing'ono zomwe zimawoneka ngati zovuta kwambiri poyerekeza ndi malingaliro omaliza a mawonekedwe:
- Kufunika kwa nthawi ya mitengo. Pofuna kupewa kuphwanya mitundu yokongoletsera, nkhuni ziyenera kuthandizidwa ndi antiseptics, komanso tint pambuyo pa nthawi inayake.
- Mtengo wokwera pakupanga mipanda ya khonde kuchokera pamtengowo, njira yosinthira mtengo imapangitsa kuti mtengo ukhale wokwera kwambiri kwa anthu ena.
Nkhani pamutu: Momwe mungapangire nduna yokhayo ndi manja anu: Kuwongolera (chithunzi ndi kanema)
Kusankha kalembedwe koyenera
Kalembedwe ka Scandinavia
Kuyambira kale, akatswiri opanga nyumba ankachita bwino matabwa omwe ali ndi vuto losatheka. Komabe, ndi mitundu yamakono ya masitayilo amakono ndi madera opangira nyumba zakunyumba, mitengo yamatabwa ya khonde, loggia kapena phegrace imatha kuphatikiza kwathunthu kapangidwe kake. Pali mbali 6 zokha za mamangidwe amakono, omwe amatha kumaliza kumaliza kumaliza nyumbayo:
- Dziko Mitundu yokongola ya zinthu zonse, kukhalapo kwa ulusi womangidwa.
- Mediterranean. Mapangidwe amadzazidwa ndi mizere yayikulu.
Mtundu wa Russia
- Scandinavia. Pankhaniyi, mipanda imachita ntchito zokongoletsera ndi zinthu zosafunikira.
- Russian. Ambiri aphunzitsi, omenyera nkhondo, ma hardrail opangidwa munthawi yakale.
- Akale. Ndizofanana ndi mtundu waku Russia, koma ndi mitundu yopingasa.
- North Eurchar. Mtunduwu ndi wowongoka, mawonekedwe pang'ono ndi maziko akulu.
Madera omwe alembedwawa amakulolani kuphatikiza zida zomangira za Russia zokhala ndi zatsopano zamakono.
Makhalidwe azinthu zoyenera
Pine akumana ndi zofunikira zonse zomanga nyumba
Wood wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zomangira za makhonde ndi malekezero. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha machitidwe awa:
- Pulasitiki.
- Kukonza kosavuta.
- Kulemera kakang'ono.
Zina mwa mitengo yomwe ikukula ku Russia, si zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma harrails. Pakati pa miyala yolozera ikhoza kugawidwa kuti paini. Imakumana pafupifupi pafupifupi zonse zofunika, kupatula ntchito kwambiri ngati zida zopangira.
Poyerekeza ndi mkungudza, ali ndi pakati mofewa komanso okonzedwa mosavuta.
Kuchokera kumvula, mutha kugawa awiriawiri: nyemba ndi thundu, komanso aspen ndi aspen. Woyamba ndi nthumwi zomwe zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe olimba. Satha kugwera kuvunda ndipo sakuphwanya. Zovuta mu mtengo wa mipanda kuchokera mu izi ndi zazitali kwambiri. Lachiwiri ndi losavuta kwambiri kukonzedwa ndipo limakwera mtengo kwambiri pamkhalidwe wamtengo. The Minus ndiloti, popanda kuphatikizidwa ndi antiseptic, miyala yamtengo wapatali imatha kuvunda, yomwe imatsogolera ku kuwonongeka kwa zinthuzo.
Zofuna za GOST ndi Snap ku Mipanda yamatabwa
Magawo a ukadaulo ndi mpanda wambiri pa khonde ayenera kutsatira malamulo azovomerezeka 25772 - 83 ndi Snap 2 - 01 - 07, ndi kunena kuti:
- Kulowetsa matabwa a khonde mu nyumba ndi kutalika kwa zosakwana 30 m kuchokera pansi.
- Katundu wopingasa pazinthuzo ayenera kukhala osachepera 80 kgf / m.
- Ngati pali ana ang'ono m'nyumba, nthawi yomwe ili pakati pa mizere yolumikiza sayenera kupitirira 10 cm, ndizowopsa pamiyoyo yawo.
- Zinthu zokonzekera ziyenera kupezeka mkati mwa kapangidwe kake koma osakhala ndi mbali zakuthwa. Chifukwa chake, kuti muchepetse zipewa za kudzikonda ndi misomali, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito thukuta, lomwe limatha kunyowa pambuyo pake.
Kumanga mpanda wamatabwa wamatabwa wokhala ndi manja awo
Monga wowongolera, chitsanzo cha kuphatikizidwa ndi mitengo yamatanda a makonde a ku Russia kwa luso la zomangamanga, chifukwa njira iyi ndi imodzi mwazovuta kwambiri pakukhazikitsa.
Pavidiyoyi, onani lingaliro lamphesa wamatabwa mu kalembedwe kamutu:
Tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mupange chiwembu choyambirira papepala ndi malo enieni onse ndi zinthu, kuphatikiza zokongoletsa. Izi zimangosintha kwambiri njira yokulumikizana. Chotsatira chotsatira chizikhala chokongoletsera chovomerezeka cha madandaulo onse okhala ndi antiseptic.
Onetsetsani kuti mukuchiritsa nkhuni ndi antiseptic
Kutengera mtundu wa mpanda womwe unapezeka, ma ratock a vertical amakhazikika pansi kapena pamtunda wopingasa. Izi zimachitika mothandizidwa ndi ma studic zitsulo omwe amalumikizidwa mu baruuccin ndikulumikiza ndi pansi (pansi kapena dziko).
Pambuyo pa mpanda wotchedwa amaikidwa kwathunthu, ndikofunikira kuyang'ana mulingo wapamwamba pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe. Pakapezeka kutalika, musawachotsere ndi score kapena kuwononga baluster. Zimafunikira kwa abwino pafupi ndi ma racks, zomwe zikufunika kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha anthu omwe adzakhala pabeni.
Dzanja lamatabwa limalumikizidwa pa zopingasa zolimba. Kudutsa misomali kapena zomangira, baluster iliyonse imakhala yokhazikika kwa icho. Monga tanena kale, zisoti zimakhazikika ku Tarta. Malo omwe kulowa kwa khonde kuchokera pamtengowo kujowina nyumbayo, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti muphatikizidwenso ndi khoma lalikulu kapena china chake chopanga njerwa kapena mwala umodzi). Zimalimbitsa mphamvu ya kapangidwe kake.
Kuti mudalitsidwe kukhazikitsa, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kapangidwe kake ndi ngodya zachitsulo.
Mukamaliza kusonkhanitsa njanji, ndikofunikira matabwa akale, kenako ndikujambula kapangidwe kake.
Werengani zambiri za kukhazikitsa matabwa akuwona pano:
Chifukwa chotheka kuti mupange ntchito yapadera ndi kapangidwe ka munthu, pali mwayi wokhazikitsa malingaliro aliwonse ku zenizeni. Loggia yosinthidwa, temprace, khonde kapena veranda lidzaloledwa kukhala ndi luso laukulu laulamuliro, komanso alendo omwe anali amuna ndi amuna omwe anali amuna ndi amuna khumi ndi akazi okhaokha.
Nkhani pamutu: kukonza kwaposachedwa kwa omasulira