Kugirango habeho amacumbi meza munzu yigenga bisaba gushiraho sisitemu yo gushyushya izashyigikira microclimate ikenewe. Uyu munsi hari amahitamo menshi kuri sisitemu, ariko mbere yo gutangira kubishyiraho, birakenewe neza kubara ibiciro byose byo kwishyiriraho kugirango umenye ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ubushyuhe murugo. Turashaka uburyo bwo kubara neza sisitemu yo gushyushya uburyo buzwi cyane, bushobora gukora kuri gaze nkuru, inkwi, lisansi, amashanyarazi.
Guhitamo ibibyimba, icyerekezo ntabwo ari ikiguzi gusa, ahubwo no kuboneka kwa lisansi.
Urugero rwo gushyushya kubara
Kubara ikiguzi cyo gushyushya murugo wongeyeho, menya aho hari inyungu, birakenewe kuzirikana indangagaciro zimwe. Harimo amakuru nkaya:
Gahunda yo gushyushya sisitemu hamwe no kuzenguruka bisanzwe.
- Igihe cyo gushyushya (dufata amezi arindwi);
- Igihe cyo gukora iy'ububiko (kimwe cya kabiri, ni ukuvuga, ikoreshwa mu gukomeza ubushyuhe bukenewe bw'ubushyuhe);
- Imbaraga zo gushyushya ni metero kare icumi (twemera impuzandengo - 1 kilowatt yingufu zubushyuhe);
- Agace k'inzu yigihugu fata metero kare 150. Metero, imitsi ifite ubushobozi bwimikoreshereze ya 15 ya Kilowatt.
Buri kwezi ibizaba: 15 KW * 24 (Isaha kumunsi) * 30 (Umubare wiminsi mukwezi) = 10,800 kw / h.
Kubera ko boiler izakora igice kimwe gusa, tubona agaciro nka: 10 800/2 = 5.400 kw / h. Ni ukuvuga, impuzandengo yubushyuhe buri kwezi izaba 5,400 kw / h.
Kubara amafaranga yo gushyushya igihe cyose, agaciro kagwirijwe amezi arindwi: 5 400 * 7 = 37 800 kw / h.
Niba gushyushya bikorwa mugihe ukoresheje gaze yicyayi, aho 0.24 isabwa na 1 KW yubushyuhe, tubona ko amafaranga yose ari: 37 800 * 0.24 = amafaranga 9,072.
Mugihe ukora kubara kugirango ashyure inzu yigenga, birakenewe kuzirikana ko imibare yavuzwe haruguru ifatwa ku ndangagaciro zigereranijwe, kugirango batandukanye bitewe nubunini bwinkuta, ibikoresho byibikoresho byabo , ubushyuhe bwo hanze. Kubara kubara bikoreshwa muburyo bwose bwo gushyushya, gusa agaciro ku giciro cya lisansi no kunywa kuri buri gice cyubushyuhe kirasimburwa.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute byoroshye kandi byoroshye gukora igitambaro kumyenda n'amaboko yawe
Kuri boulers ya lisansi
Gahunda ya sisitemu yo gushyushya hamwe no kuzenguruka ku gahato.
Bumwe mu buryo busanzwe bwo gushyushya igikoresho cyo mu gihugu ni boile ya lisansi ihamye aho inkwi zisanzwe ari lisansi. Ntabwo ari ngombwa gutekereza ko itanura ryasubiye mu bihe byashize, moderi zabo za kijya muri iki gihe zirakunzwe cyane, ntibemerera gutegura gusa gushyushya inzu, ahubwo banakemeza ko amazi ashyushye. Benshi muribo bafite amashyiga yagenewe guteka.
Kubara ikiguzi cyo gushyushya murugo, tekereza:
- Ikiguzi cya metero imwe yinkwi, uyumunsi ni amafaranga agera ku bihumbi bibiri mugihe witabwaho kubyara nubwikorezi bwabo;
- Muri metero imwe ya Cubic 650 kg, ni ukuvuga ikiguzi cya kilo kingana na: 2000/650 = 3.08, kuzenguruka agaciro kabonetse kandi tubona ko igiciro cya kilo kingana na kamere eshatu;
- Kugirango ubone ubushyuhe 1 cya kilowatt, birakenewe gukoresha 0.4 kg yinkwi, ni ukuvuga 3 * 0.4 = 1.2. Birakenewe kubona ubushyuhe bumwe bwa Kilowatta mu mafaranga ahwanye na 1.2.
Kubika amashanyarazi
Gahunda n'amahame yo gukora electrocotel.
Imwe mumahitamo kubikoresho byo gushyushya murugo rwigenga ni ugukoresha amashanyarazi. Ingufu nkizo zirashoboye hafi rwose mubururu, kugirango ubone ubushyuhe 1 bwa kw birakenewe kumarana 1 ku ingufu z'amashanyarazi. Kubara sisitemu yo gushyushya, uzi ikiguzi kuri Kilowatt. Igiciro cyakarere mumaduka ni amafaranga 3.34. Ntabwo twibagiwe ko ikiguzi cya kilowatt kirashobora guhinduka mugihe, birakenewe gukoresha ikiguzi muriki gihe.
Mugihe cyo gushyushya, birakenewe kumara imbaraga zigera kuri 37.800. Turasobanura agaciro kumafaranga ahwanye, tubona: 37800 * 3,34 = 126252
Kuri boilers bakora kuri lisansi y'amazi
Noneho reka tugerageze kubara uburyo gukoresha sisitemu yo gushyushya bizatwara, bikakora kuri lisansi y'amazi, ni ukuvuga mazutu. Formula iriroroshye cyane, kubara harimo ibi bikurikira:
Urujya n'uruza rw'amazi bitewe n'akarere k'inzu n'imbaraga za boiler.
- Igiciro cya litiro. Kurugero, igiciro ni amafaranga 34 kuri L;
- Gukoresha lisansi yo kubona 1 kw yingufu zubushyuhe. Iyo ukoresheje Diesel, ingano ya litiro 0.14 irakenewe (biterwa na CPD ya Boiler, birakenewe kuzirikana mugihe cyo kubara);
- Igiciro cyinshi cyubushyuhe. Muri uru rubanza, ni amafaranga 34 * 0.14 litiro = 4.76 Rables.
- Rero, ikiguzi cyo gukubitwa (kandi ibi ni nko amezi arindwi kumwaka) ni 37.800 kw * 4.46 Rubles = 168 588.
Ingingo ku ngingo: gushushanya intebe zishaje n'amaboko yabo
Igiciro gihinduka akamaro, cyane cyane niba ubigereranya no gushyushya gaze. Ariko tugomba kwibukwa ko ihuriro ryumuhanda murugo rirashobora gukora amafaranga ibihumbi 250, kandi ibi bimaze imyaka ibiri biba ngombwa imitsi ya lisansi yuzuye! Niba kandi umuhanda utanga gaze munzu ntabwo yatanzwe? Igikoresho cya Gagoderi na serivisi byayo birashobora gukora cyane, kubwibyo, mubihe bimwe na bimwe, ibyifuzo bihabwa boiard on lisansi y'amazi, nubwo ubushize ari bike kandi buke.
N'ibipimo by'ubukungu, boiers mu nzu babuze cyane sisitemu yo gushyushya. Ariko hariho ibihe bitangwa gaze bidashoboka, kandi ubwoko bwibikoresho bisigaye ntabwo ari inzira yo kuva mu bihe, bityo ikaze amababi ya lisansi ni ubundi buryo bwemewe.
Kubara ikiguzi cyibiciro byambere, birakenewe gusuzuma ko igiciro cya kare m (wita agaciro ibikoresho ubwabyo no kwishyiriraho) ni impuzandengo yabantu bagera kuri 1680. Nibyo, ku nzu nini, agace kayo kari metero kare 150. Metero, igiciro cyose cyibikoresho bya sisitemu yo gushyushya bizaba amafaranga ibihumbi 252. Ntiwibagirwe ko igiciro gifite imbaraga zikomeye ibyo bigurwa, ikiguzi cyacyo.
Kugereranya kw'ibiciro: Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gushyushya bunguka?
None sisitemu yo gushyushya munzu yigihugu yunguka cyane? Buri wese muri bo afite ibyiza byayo nibibi, mugihe ahitamo, ni ngombwa kuzirikana nunes zose zishobora kubaho:
Amashusho ya tekiniki yo muri boiler mugihe ukora kuri lisansi na gaze.
- Sisitemu yo gushyushya amashanyarazi yunguka mubijyanye no kugura no kwishyiriraho. Igiciro cyamashanyarazi ntabwo ari kinini ugereranije nibikoresho bikorera mubundi bwoko bwa lisansi, ntabwo bisabwa kubikoresho bya Chimney ntibisabwa kubikoresho byo mucyumba kibisi ntibisabwa. Ibipimo nibisabwa mubikorwa bigufasha gushyira umuswa ahantu hose heza. Ariko ku rundi ruhande, ikiguzi cy'amashanyarazi ni kinini kugira ngo inzu nini ishyuha;
- Sisitemu ikomeye ya lisansi igura ibirenze amashanyarazi, amafaranga yibanze aze ku gikoresho cya chimney kugirango ukureho ibicuruzwa byo gutwika. Igikorwa no Gushiraho Sisitemu munzu bigomba gukorwa gusa kubuziranenge namategeko. Ariko ikiguzi cya lisansi ikomeye ni bike, gukoresha ni ubukungu, urashobora gutunganya ibiryo byikora, bikuraho uruhare rwumuntu mugihe utanga;
- Ukoresheje gaze nkuru yo gushyushya. Ihitamo ukurikije amafaranga angana na sisitemu ikomeye ya lisansi. Uzagomba gutegura gutwika ibicuruzwa byo gutwika, hitamo icyumba gitandukanye cyo kwishyiriraho boiler ya gaze. Ariko hariho amahirwe yo gukoresha ibikoresho bya gaze bifite sisitemu yo guhatirwa yo gukuraho umwotsi, ikiza ibiciro. Byongeye kandi, gushyushya gaze ni ubukungu rwose, akenshi kuri kaburingo ya pursan nibyiciro byigihugu, niba bidashoboka guhuza umuhanda, gazi gake gashoboka. Gukoresha kwa lisansi ntabwo ari binini cyane, ikiguzi cyo gukora na lisansi ubwacyo birashimishije ukwezi;
- Iyo ashyushya munzu ukoresheje imitsi kuri lisansi ya mazutu, ibiciro ninini. Gushiraho ibikoresho nkibi nimwe mubintu bitangaje kandi bihenze, birakenewe mucyumba kidasanzwe gifite ibikoresho ukurikije ibipimo byumutekano byose byumutekano. Iyo ibi bikoresho birimo gukora, impumuro idashimishije ibaho ko kubwinyubako yo guturamo itemewe. Igiciro cya lisansi ubwacyo, ku buryo ku mazu yo mu gihugu, ibyo bikoreshwa mu gihugu bidakunze gukoreshwa (birashoboka gusa kubaduiliary mugihe habaye impanuka yikikoresho nyamukuru gishyuha).
Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: Ubwiherero bwamabuye
Muri iki gihe, sisitemu itandukanye ifite ibyiza kandi ibiziga byasabye gushyushya inzu yigenga. Guhitamo sisitemu nkiyi biterwa nibipimo byinshi, ariko akenshi agaciro ko kwishyiriraho no kugura bifitanye isano no gukora. Mbere yo gutegura ibikoresho byigikoresho cyo kubungabunga inzu yigenga, birakenewe kugirango ibarwa izafasha kumenya uko gukoresha sisitemu itandukanye.