Sisitemu yo gushyushya mumazu yigenga hamwe namakuru akeneye igihe. Mu nyubako za trament yiyi mirimo, abakozi ba serivisi rusange bakora isohozwa ryiki gikorwa, kandi ba nyir'amazu abikorera bagomba gukora bigenga cyangwa bakoresha inzobere yabandi. Mugihe cyo gukora muri sisitemu yo gushyushya, uduce duto duto turaguye, bikemurwa muri bateri, imiyoboro hamwe na boiler. Hatakagutse, ibi bice bizaterana no guhurirana, bizaganisha ku guhagarika imigati n'imiyoboro, ibikomere by'amazi muri gahunda yo gushyushya, ibisohoka byo gushyushya. Kugirango wirinde ibyo bibazo byose, gukaraba igihe sisitemu yo gushyushya irakenewe. Mbere yohereza sisitemu yo gushyushya n'amaboko yawe, menya neza kwiga amategeko n'ibiranga uyu murimo.
Igishushanyo cya hydropneumatike ihoraho ya sisitemu yo gushyushya.
Gukaraba imiyoboro ya sisitemu yo gushyushya: Kuki ari ngombwa?
Kugirango wongere sisitemu yo gushyushya neza, ugomba kumenya impamvu uku gukaraba bikorwa.
Ikoranabuhanga ryo gusiganwa rya sisitemu yo gushyushya riroroshye, bityo, ryubahiriza amategeko amwe, urashobora gukora byose wenyine.
Gukaraba imiyoboro nibindi bice bya sisitemu yo gushyushya birakenewe mugihe gahunda yo gushyushya ingufu zirenga 5-10 ifite imbaraga zinshi za magnesium na calcium ku munyungo inkuta. Birazwi ko igice cy'imyenda gifite MM 1 gusa igabanya kwimurwa hafi 10%, ihita igira ingaruka ku mbaraga rusange ya sisitemu yo gushyushya kandi ikoresha amashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, kumarano imiyoboro ya sisitemu yo gushyushya hakoreshejwe igipimo n'imyanda biganisha ku gitonyanga ku bushyuhe mu byumba bishyushye.
Igishushanyo gisanzwe cyikoranabuhanga cyo koza sisitemu yo gushyushya.
Mugihe cyo kwanga kurasa imiyoboro mugihe, gahunda yo gushyushya irashobora kuba ibiza gusa. Bikwiye gusobanuka ko gusuka imiyoboro ya sisitemu yo gushyushya ari inzira ya serivisi. Iri koranabuhanga ryagenewe gukomeza sisitemu yo gushyushya muburyo bukwiye igihe kirekire. Igikorwa cyo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi kirekire cya sisitemu yo gushyushya bidashoboka utagira igihe cyo guhingukwa, birumvikana ko igomba gukorwa neza.
Mugihe cyo kwanga gukubitwa buri gihe, sisitemu yo gushyushya irashoboka kandi irimbuka ryibikoresho bihenze byimiti irashoboka, amahirwe yo kwihitiramo sisitemu yo gushyushya mu gihe cy'itumba, amaherezo iyoboye Kuri sisitemu idafite ishingiro yo gushyushya no gutakaza amafaranga, bikabije kugabanuka kurimbuka kwa mashini ishyushya imiyoboro, nibindi. Niyo mpamvu amategeko agenga imikorere ya sisitemu yo gushyushya agenga igenzura ryayo riteganijwe.
Kuki kubitsa byashizweho kurukuta rwimiyoboro ya sisitemu yo gushyushya?
Umuyobozi mukuru w'ubushyuhe ni amazi. Niwe uhagarariye impamvu nyamukuru yo kwanduza gahunda yo gushyushya. Guswera, byakozwe n'ubwinyunyutsi bw'amazi akomeye cyangwa ibice bito, bihinduka ibishusho, sediment ikomeye. Kuririmba ku rukuta rw'imbere rw'imiyoboro ya sisitemu yo gushyushya, igipimo gikabije cya sisitemu yo gushyushya.
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Gahunda yo koza sisitemu yo gushyushya.
Igice kinini cyigipimo kirangwa nimiterere yububiko bwikirenga, I.E. irinda guhana ubushyuhe. Byongeye kandi, igipimo gitera inzira ya mashini yumuyoboro wambaye hamwe nibindi bintu bya sisitemu yo gushyushya.
Niyo mpamvu amategeko agenga gushyushya yerekana ko ari ngombwa gukora rimwe na rimwe umurimo utandukanye, ikintu kidasubirwaho cyarimo.
Gukaraba sisitemu yo gushyushya: Nigute twamenya igihe kigeze?
Hariho ibintu byinshi biranga, ukurikije ibyo bishobora kumvikana ko igihe cyo koza sisitemu yo gushyushya igeze:
- Gushyushya imigereka birashyuha. Nkingingo, hejuru ya bateri irashyuha, mugihe hasigaye hakonje;
- Mugihe ashyushya imitsi yo gushyushya, amakimbirane aranga yumvikanye kubera akantu gakomeye;
- Ibibanza bishyushye cyane kurenza ibi bisabwa mbere;
- kugabanya imbaraga za boiler;
- Amafaranga yo gukonjesha aragenda yiyongera cyane;
- Hamwe nimiyoboro ya bateri ishyushye akomeza gukonja.
Amategeko ahindagurika ya sisitemu yo gushyushya itanga amahirwe yo gukoresha uburyo bwo gusukura imiti no kumubiri. Uburyo bwumubiri burimo amazi na hydropulse oprop na hydropul ihindagurika, bisaba gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye - compressor. Uburyo bwa chimique yo gukaraba ni ugukoresha ibiyobyabwenge bitandukanye bisenya kubitsa no kumeneka.
Igishushanyo cy'imiyoboro ya chimique.
Koza sisitemu yo gushyushya, tegura ibikoresho nkenerwa:
- Urufunguzo rwo kubaka;
- chisel;
- Spagners;
- ibase;
- ibisigazwa;
- Amafaranga yatoranijwe akurikije uburyo bwo gukaraba (compressor cyangwa ikigo kugirango ukureho igipimo).
Guswera sisitemu yo gushyushya hamwe n'amazi avanze na biopations
Ishingiro ryubu buryo ni ugusukura imiyoboro yo gushyushya hamwe nuruvange rwumuyaga numwuka ufunzwe. Amategeko n'ikoranabuhanga biroroshye. Umwuka ufunzwe uhabwa gahunda yo gushyushya, amashami akoresheje amazi yerekeye umunyu, ruswa, nagar, umucanga n'andi magambo. Ibindi bidahwitse ikirere cyerekana gukubita imiyoboro ya sisitemu yo gushyushya, ntituberekeze gutura kurukuta.
Kwitegereza amategeko n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukaraba, urashobora kwagura ubuzima bwa sisitemu 20 cyangwa irenga. Ubu buryo bugufasha gusukura umuyoboro wubushyuhe mugihe icyo aricyo cyose cyumwaka utishimiye imizigo na bateri.
Igishushanyo gisanzwe cyerekana imiyoboro ya chimique.
Uburyo bwo koza imiyoboro yo gushyushya kuri Biopecations Nuburyo bwurugero bwiza cyane kandi bwamayerereye ibidukikije, amategeko nikoranabuhanga ryabyo bikubiyemo intangiriro yimiti microbiologiya muri sisitemu yo gushyushya.
Gukwirakwiza imiyoboro ya sisitemu, imyiteguro y'ibinyabuzima yagabanije kamere, ibyondo n'amavuta n'amavuta akomeye. Amategeko n'ikoranabuhanga ryubu buryo ntabwo dutanga impundu cyangwa ngo duhagarike. Indi ngingo nziza muri uru rubanza numutekano wibiryo bigezweho kuri sisitemu ishaje.
Gukaraba sisitemu yo gushyushya binyuze muri pneumOhydrogen na chimical
Ubu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa muguhindura sisitemu yo gushyushya. Amategeko n'ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora akazi nkako gutanga ingaruka kuri sisitemu ya hydraulic ya drum, yaguye binyuze muri sisitemu ku muvuduko wa 1200 m no gukubita imigozi ivuza induru no guswera. Inkuta za radiator nimiyoboro, mugihe utasenyutse, kuko Nta kurusha 2% mu mbaraga hamwe ingaruka rizungagizwa, kandi asigaye 98% kugwa ku yabikijwe bitandukanye, bikaba burimbuwe na Ibisohoka biciye sleeve izima muri iyi kigasohoka.
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Kwitegereza amategeko ya hydrotreaty, birashoboka kugabanya ibiciro byibikorwa, kuko Ntibikenewe gusimbuza imiyoboro hamwe na radio.
Imyiteguro itandukanye yimiti yemerera gukora isuku na koza imiyoboro, yazize hamwe nizindi hamde ya sisitemu yo gushyushya hamwe na reagents zishingiye kuri acide kama na organific. Ubu buryo bwo guhubuka imiti bifatwa nkumwe mubukungu, kandi bupfuka ntabwo ari hejuru gusa, ahubwo binagorana ahantu habi.
Gahunda yo guhahana ubushyuhe.
Mugihe cyo gukoresha reagents, ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza amategeko yo gukoresha, mubisanzwe bitangwa kuri paki. Ikoranabuhanga risobanura gukuraho rwose ibimenyetso byubunini nimbuto muri sisitemu yo gushyushya amasaha 5-10.
Ariko, amategeko yo gukoresha ayo mafranga yerekana ko ari ngombwa kugereranya leta y'ibikoresho byo gushyushya. Imiterere yumubiri ya Radiator na Pipes, urwego rwo kwambara, uburebure bwurukuta - ibipimo bigomba gusuzumwa neza kubera ibyago byo kwangiza imiti, ibigize, bikubiyemo aside ya hydrochloric.
Reba ko no gukora amategeko yose yo guhisha gahunda yo gushyushya, ntushobora guhora ugera kubisubizo wifuza. Rimwe na rimwe, kubera ko byanduye cyane cyane, harakenewe isuku yuzuye, amategeko agaragaza gukoresha uburyo butandukanye.
Ibiranga gukaraba no guhanahana ubushyuhe
Niba guhanahana ubushyuhe cyangwa byananiranye rwose, guhubuka birashobora gufasha. Amategeko nikoranabuhanga rya koza neza biroroshye. Ni ngombwa gusenya uburyo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe, kura amasahani yose, ubishishikarire mu gisubizo cyihariye, kwoza buri sahani intoki, shyiramo paki y'isahani yo guhana ubushyuhe. Nyuma yibyo, guhahanahana ubushyuhe biragenda.Kwitegereza amategeko yiyi mirimo, uzakira ibyiza byinshi:
- Gukaraba neza gushyushya byemeza ubuziranenge;
- Kwanduzwa kwose;
- Ibintu byose bibaho muburyo bugaragara, kandi urashobora kubona inzira yose yakazi.
Ariko, hari ibibi bitazirindwa, ndetse bireba amategeko yose yakazi. Rero, niba uburyo bwo kuvugurura bukabije bwakoraga kugirango bambara, mubihe bikomeye, cyangwa ubuzima bwa kashe ya reberi yarangiye, birashoboka guhindura ubushyuhe bwo guhahana ubushyuhe, bizatera kwiyongera mubiciro nigihe cyakazi.
Nk'uburyo, guhanahana ubushyuhe byavuzwe haruguru byavuzwe haruguru biratandukanye gusa muguhitamo uburyo bwihariye bwo gusukura uburyo bwibikoresho byayo. Uburyo bwinshi bwingenzi bukoreshwa:
- Kubijyanye no kugwa cyane, rimwe na rimwe birashoboka gukuraho umwanda hamwe nindege y'amazi kuva ahanini umuvuduko mwinshi.
- Niba haribibi bikunze kubitsa, ugomba kubanza gusukura amasahani yo guhindura ubushyuhe kuva hejuru yimyanda yo hejuru ukoresheje ibikoresho byinshi, hanyuma ubishire mubikorwa bya acide, hanyuma usukure mugihe umuvuduko mwinshi wazungurutse.
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Ibiranga gukaraba kudasiga amaraso
Kugirango uhure kandi ukongere kuvugurura ibikorwa byo gushyushya, bikoreshwa, amategeko akubiyemo gukoresha ibikoresho byihariye bigenewe kubitekereza. Ubu buryo bukoreshwa haba muburyo bwo guturika kandi bwagurishijwe.
Mubibi byubu buryo, birashoboka gutandukanya ko niba ihanahana ubushyuhe bufunze hamwe nuburyo butandukanye bwamashini (ibice bya slelge nyuma yo gusunika imiyoboro, nibindi), gukaraba no gukaraba ntacyo bizashoboka bihagije , niyo amategeko yose asohoye. N'inyungu, mubyukuri, nuko bidakenewe gusenya guhanahana ubushyuhe.
Imiterere yo guhana ubushyuhe.
Ibyangiritse ku miti bikozwe ukoresheje igikoresho cyihariye. Iki gikoresho cyemerera gusukura imiti yasuye, kugurisha cyangwa guhanagura ubushyuhe bwa lamellar. Hanze, ni tank ikozwe mu mbuto nyinshi za plastike ifite ibintu byubatswe hamwe na pompe yo guhindukira. Mugihe cyo gukaraba, kurugero, guhanahana ibipanyomo iki gikoresho bihurira hamwe nububiko bwigice binyuze mumiyoboro yamazi.
Imbere kubikoresho ubwabyo, mugikorwa cyo gukora hari ahantu hadasanzwe hafashwe hashingiwe ku ngirangekwa na aside ya orthophosporic. Acide orthophosporic ikwiranye cyane no guswera cyane no gukaraba: kugwa mu mpeshyi zumuzunguruko, ishonga ibice bigizwe. Hamwe nibi, bitewe nuko mugukaraba ibikesha gukaraba imiti bikubiyemo kandi ababuza hamwe nabantwaro kama, ntabwo ari bibi kungurana amaraso.
Nyuma yurugero rwuzuye, igisubizo cyo gukumira kigomba kumenwa mu mwobo utwika, kandi woza umunyamahirwe uhuha n'amazi meza. Nyuma yibyo, yiteguye kongera gukoresha.
Ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, niba ukurikiza amategeko yose yo kubishyira mu bikorwa, bifite ibyiza byinshi, aribyo:
- Ubushobozi bwo gukora akazi ntagahinda cyangwa gusenya igice cya sisitemu yo gushyushya igihe icyo ari cyo cyose cyumwaka, harimo mugihe cyo gushyushya;
- Gukoresha ibidukikije byinshuti n'ibidukikije kandi byemejwe bitemewe bitanga akazi gake;
- Imikorere yubukungu n'imisaruro minini;
- Isohozwa ryimikorere yose yumurimo ufite ubuziranenge kandi bishoboka.
Gusukura uburyo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe no gushyushya sisitemu, ibiyobyabwenge bigezweho byakoreshejwe imbaraga zishongeshejwe na karubite kuva hejuru yumuringa na steol ihari mu bigo byabo bibuza ingaruka zibabaje aside ya hydrochloc. Ibintu bifatika muburyo bwo gusukura bwihutiye inzira yoroshye, bigufasha gukuraho vuba na sediments. Abatatanye bibuza kongera kubitsa imyanda yometseho (cyane cyane ahantu hazengurutse), hamwe n'ibigize anti-infati ntabwo byemerera igisubizo cyo gukora cyongeye gukoreshwa no gukumira imiterere yiswe. "Zone yapfuye", akwemerera gusukura rwose hejuru ya ppelines ishyushya.