? Gusubira inyuma indabyo mu nzu: Ibipimo byo guhitamo n'ubwoko bw'itara

Abantu bishora mukuriza cyane indabyo zitandukanye zo mu nzu zizizi ko itara rigira uruhare runini. Mubihe bisanzwe, ururabo rumwe rwumva neza mugicucu, undi ntashobora gukura nta ngaruka zimirasire yizuba. Mu nyubako, ibintu birasa. Kandi mu gihe cy'itumba, indabyo zose zo murugo zikeneye amatara yinyongera. Reka turebe igikwiye kuba intago yindabyo mu nzu.

Nigute wahitamo itara ryindabyo zo mu nzu

Guhitamo Ikigereranyo cyuzuye-cyuzuye cyizuba, ugomba kumenya ko urumuri rufite ibintu bibiri byingenzi - ubu ni bwo buryo bworoshye cyangwa imbaraga cyangwa ubukana bwa flux . Birasabwa guhitamo neza amatara kuri ibi biranga, ukurikije ibyiciro byiterambere ryibiti byihariye. Cyane cyane kumurika ibihingwa byo mu nzu, niba bikiri ingemwe zikiri nto. Umucyo ugira ingaruka nziza kumikorere yo kugabana, kurambura, kimwe no gushiraho selile mu ndabyo.

Niba ukeneye kumera imbuto cyangwa guhinga ingemwe, amasoko yo kumurika ibihimbano hamwe na spetrum yubururu yatoranijwe. Gusa urumuri nkurwo rushobora gutanga inzira ya fotosintezes ikora, kandi ibi ni iterambere ryuzuye. Itara ritukura rituma hamera umusore gukomera, uburabyo burahubuka cyane. Imbaraga Muri ibi byiciro yo gukura no kwiteza imbere birashobora kuba bito - guhera hamwe bihagije 200 W.

Spectra ntabwo isuzumwa ukwayo. Chlorophyll, hamwe nibice bitandukanye bya specrum, birashobora gukurura urumuri, kuyihindura imbaraga. Inkomoko yumucyo igomba kuba ihuye cyane na spectrum yumunsi karemano.

Ibimenyetso byerekana ko itara idahagije

Birashoboka kumenya ko igihingwa kidahagije, kuri ibi bikurikira:

• Amashami maremare;
• amababi mato yibara ryera;
• Indabyo zidasanzwe cyangwa kubura byuzuye mubihingwa byindabyo;
• Insanganyamatsiko ndende;
• Amababi yumye kuva hepfo, amababi yaguye cyangwa yumuhondo;
• Amababi ya moty igicucu ni umwijima hanyuma amaherezo ube icyatsi.

Niba ibi bimenyetso bigaragara, noneho indabyo ntabwo ihagije urumuri rusanzwe, kandi bisaba nyuma yinyuma. Kubwibyo, garagaza indabyo ukunda, cyane cyane mu gihe cy'itumba.

Urashobora gupima umucyo winjira mucyumba ufite igikoresho cyihariye - bixometer. Bizatanga ibimenyetso nyabyo, bishingiye kubishoboka gufata neza urwego rwifuzwa.

Ni uruhe rwego rwo kumurika ari ngombwa mu ibara?

Mugihe utegure amatara kumabara munzu hari ibibazo bijyanye nuburemere numubare wamatara yinyongera. Nibyiza gukoresha axonoter. Ariko urashobora gukoresha ubumenyi bwagaragaye.

Kubihingwa bitandukanye byo murugo, umugezi runaka wumucyo urakenewe (mumasuka):

• Teotedubiv - kuva 700 kugeza 1000;
• Igicucu - kuva 1000 kugeza 2000 lux;
• Gukunda byoroheje - kuva 2500 lcs kandi hejuru.

Mubisanzwe, iyi niyo nzego nto zizaba zihagije zo kubungabunga ubuzima mugihe cy'itumba. Niba indabyo zatangiye kumera, kumurika kwiyongera kuri 9000 ls.

Ingaruka zo kurenga ku butegetsi bworoheje

Niba urumuri rudahagije, rushobora kwangiza cyane isura yumurabyo. Ibimenyetso bimaze gusobanurwa haruguru - iyi niyo ngaruka nyine. Iyo bamenyekanye, birakenewe gutekereza cyane kumiterere yukuri yumucyo. Muri iki kibazo, ikintu cyingenzi ntabwo ari ugutekereza ko urumuri rwinshi, ibyiza. Iyi ni imyumvire minini, akenshi kubwiyi mpamvu, ibimera byinshi nabyo birapfa.

Ni uruhe rutonde rwiyongera?

Hariho uburyo bwinshi butandukanye bwo kumurika. Ariko urumuri ntabwo rufite imyenda, bibaho hamwe nibigize ibintu bitandukanye. Ibigize spectral ni kwishingikiriza ku mbaraga zimirasire kuva ku burebure. Izuba rifite imiterere ikomeza muburyo bugaragara, kandi ibiranga bigabanuka gusa muburyo bwa ultraviolet na infrared.

Imyitozo yigikoresho icyo aricyo cyose cyoroshye ni uguhinduranya hamwe na amplitude zitandukanye, zitanga iyi shade zitandukanye.

Ubwinshi bw'ubushakashatsi bwakozwe aho byashyizweho ko kubera iterambere ryiterambere n'ibiti byiterambere, harakenewe ibintu byuzuye. Ukeneye ibice bike gusa.

Ingingo ku ngingo: Ubwoko bwo Kumurika Igisenge hamwe nibitekerezo byashushanyije kubice bitandukanye | Ifoto

Uburebure bwihariye ni ngombwa:

• 640-4-60 NM - Velvet-umutuku, bikenewe kuri buri gihingwa kibakuze kubibazo byimyororokere, kimwe no guteza imbere no gushimangira imizi;

• 595-610 NM - Ifoto ya orange yo kwindabyo no gukura, niba igihingwa ari imbuto;

• 440-445 NM - Ibara ry'umuyugubwe rirakenewe mu iterambere ry'ibimera by'igihingwa;

• 380-480 NM - Hafi ya Ultraviolet kugirango igenzure iterambere niterambere rya poroteyine;

• 280-315 NM - Hagati ya Ultraviolet yorohereza kurwanya ubukonje.

Kumurikira ibihingwa byo mu nzu ntibikwiriye kuri buri ndabyo. Buri ruganda rwihariye rufite ibiranga kandi mubisanzwe ukurikije ibyo ukunda. Ibi bivuze ko gusimbuza rwose ibiranga amanywa ntibizakora. Ariko amatara make yo mumutwe hanyuma ahamagara isaha mugihe cy'itumba azorohereza ubuzima bwindabyo ku idirishya.

Guhitamo Igikoresho cyo Kumurika

Ihitamo ryatoranijwe cyane ni Phytolamba. Bafite ubushyuhe bworoshye bwibimera byinshi. Iyi nyamatara zitanga amafoto ntabwo ari yagutse, ariko mu rugero rugufi, rukwiye cyane cyane kuri fotosintezeza. Igicuruzwa gitanga ubururu n'umutuku - Ubururu butera gukura, kandi umutuku bizazana igihe cyindabyo kandi cyeze uruhinja.

Ariko ntabwo ari ngombwa kugura igikoresho cyuzuye. Urashobora gukora sisitemu ikwiye n'amaboko yawe - bizamurikira ibihingwa kimwe no guhitamo inganda. Noneho hariho ibicuruzwa byinshi bishobora gukoreshwa kuriyi.

Gushyira no gushiraho urumuri

Ibimera bikura neza niba urumuri rwashyizweho hejuru yabo. Niba umugezi ukoreshwa kuruhande, noneho ibi birashobora kuganisha kumpengamiro yititi. Intera Nziza cyane ni cm 15-30 kuva hejuru yururabyo. Kandi byanze bikunze uzirikana ingano n'imbaraga zamatara.

Tugomba kwibukwa ko amatara ya lumandi hasigaye imbaraga zitanga imbaraga ziruta mu gice cyo hagati. Ibimera byo gukundana bishyirwa munsi ya luminaire.

Icyoroshye cyane kizaba gufunga urumuri, rushobora kwimurwa. Muri iki kibazo, igikoresho kirashobora gukoreshwa mubihe bitandukanye - ubukana bwumucyo byoroshye, bitewe nibikenewe byigihingwa.

Hariho itegeko ryoroshye: intera ndende kuva mu gihingwa kugera kumatara, gake cyane. Rero, niba intera yarenze kabiri, imbaraga zizagabanuka kuri bane. Ariko ubukana bwinshi ntakintu. Rimwe na rimwe, niba urumuri ruregere, noneho ibiranga biranga bizagaragara kumababi. Niba ibiti birambuye, itara ryashyizweho kure cyane.

Ingingo ku ngingo: Gutegura gucana mu bice birambuye: Kwishyiriraho n'ibitekerezo by'ibyumba bitandukanye | Ifoto

Hifashishijwe ibikoresho bigezweho, urashobora gukora akantu kumabara kumadirishya munzu n'amaboko yawe. Kugirango ukore ibi, gerageza guhitamo ibimera kugirango bibe ku burebure bumwe. Hanyuma ugure amatara ahendutse. Nyuma yibyo, hari inkono cyangwa agasanduku. Inyuma y'ibigega ku madirishya, haba indorerwamo cyangwa fiil birakenewe kugirango hagaragaze urumuri. Ibikurikira, ibikoresho byashyizwe kumpande zombi kuri widirishya. Nyuma yibyo, urashobora guhuza igikoresho kumurongo.

Ultrathin phytuswater kumadirishya

Kuri videwo: Nigute ushobora gukora phytolapus ya phytolamus yindabyo n'amaboko yabo.

Ubwoko bwinyamanswa

Kugirango umenye ko itara risanzwe cyangwa zerekana rwose igihingwa cyicyumba kiri munzu, koresha ubwoko bwinshi bwimicyo. Izi ni amatara ya comndescent, Halogen, yayoboye amatara, amatara, yayoboye kaseti. Reba ibiranga n'ibiranga.

Itara rya Intendentcent

Ubu ni ubwoko busanzwe buriwese amenyereye - hariho amatara cyangwa muri buri nzu. Kubera ingufu z'amashanyarazi, ingero zituje ziratandukanye, ziri mu kintu cyikirahure. Igikoresho gishirwaho muri karitsiye, kandi ibikoresho bidasanzwe ntibisabwa guhuza.

Ibibi ni uko nta ibara ry'ubururu rihari. Umucyo woroheje uri hasi cyane kandi ni 17-25 LM / W. Ntabwo aribwo buryo bwiza bwo guhitamo ibimera kumurika murugo. Itara ryashyushye cyane kandi niba ryashyizweho hejuru yamabara ndetse n'uburebure bwa m 1, birashobora gutuma ryaka. Niba uzamuye itara rirenze metero 1, imikorere yo gucana izikunda zeru.

Luminescent

Itara rya fluorescent ni flask, kuruhande rwa electrode zifite. Bahujwe na Tungsten Spiral. Imbere muri kabe hari imyuka ya inert cyangwa mercure. Igice cyihariye gikoreshwa hejuru yimbere yumuriro - fosifore.

Birasa nkaho itara rya fluorescent

Ubwoko butatu bwibitara birashobora gutandukanywa:

• Ibicuruzwa rusange;
• intego idasanzwe;
• Moderi yoroheje.

Icyitegererezo rusange gifite ibiranga - iyi ni umusaruro mwinshi usohoka, ubushyuhe buke, ubuzima burebure. Mu misaruro, bakoreshwa mugutegura kwiyuhagira ibihingwa byo mu nzu mugihe igihe cyumunsi wumucyo ari gito. Ariko ikintu cyingenzi muri iyi matara nikintu gito cyane. Koresha amashyi yo kurara burundu ntabwo byemewe.

Fluorescent idasanzwe-intego itandukanijwe no kuba hari urwego rwa Lumino. Kubera iri terambere, uburyo bwitara burasa cyane nigikenewe mubimera. Iyi matara irashobora gutoranywa mugihe isabwa gutanga intambara yuzuye, kwiyuhagira buri gihe. Kandi, izo matara akenshi yatoranijwe kugirango ategure intama zabo.

Ibibi birimo ibiciro byinshi na elegitoroniki kwishyiriraho, usibye ibyo guhuza igikoresho kumuyoboro ntibizakora. Itara rishobora gutanga urumuri rwiburyo, ariko birasabwa gusa mugihe nta yandi mashanyarazi ahari muri 200-300 W.

Gusohora gazi

Ibicuruzwa birashobora kubyara urumuri rwinshi. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwiyi matara, urashobora gutanga mercure, sodium, ibyuma. Moderi ya Mercure niyo yaba yambere. Nta kwizihiza bidasanzwe imbere mu flasks, umucyo-abatekereza cyane ni hasi cyane. Basohora ibintu bidashimishije kandi kumaso yabantu, naho icyatsi kibisi umucyo hamwe nigituba kijimye.

Yasimbuye moderi ivugurura hamwe nibiranga ibintu byiza. Babaye bumwe mu buryo bwo gucana icyatsi na greenhouses. Ariko ikibazo cyo kwimura ubushyuhe nticyakemutse.

Modium moderi ifite umucyo mwinshi, iyi niyo moderi nziza hamwe no gusohoka mu buryo bukabije hamwe nibikoresho byinshi. Spectrum iherereye muri zone itukura. Amatara abiri arashobora kumurika urubuga runini mu busitani bwimbeho cyangwa icyegeranyo kinini cyibimera. Kugirango umenye neza muri spectrum birasabwa ubundi buryo bwa mercury na halogen. Ibimera bibisi bizahazwa.

Ingingo ku ngingo: Chandeliers imbere yuburyo butandukanye: Ubufasha muguhitamo (+130 amafoto)

Icyuma cya Halide Amatara nicyo ibikoresho byateye imbere mugucana ibihingwa byo murugo, kimwe na pronihouses na greenhouses. Biratandukanye mubiranga bikurikira:

• Imbaraga nyinshi;
• ibikoresho byinshi byo gukora;
• Impirimbanyi nziza.

Gukorera munzu hazakenerwa kugura karitsiye idasanzwe. Hariho kandi imyanda nini yindi matara - iki nigiciro. Ntabwo ari ibiciro byinshi byingenzi kubisalotues nyamukuru.

Kumurabyo mu gihe cy'itumba

Mu mbeho, igihe cyigihe cyo kwerekana nongerewe. Mu gihe cy'itumba, guhitamo igikoresho cyo gucana ntibikwiye gusa hashingiwe kumurika, ahubwo no kuzirikana ibiranga ubushyuhe. Ibimera bimwe birabya ahantu hamwe, abandi hamwe nabandi. Ibimera byo gukunda ubushyuhe birashobora kubaho mu gihe cy'itumba ku bushyuhe buke cyane. Amabara asigaye ni ngombwa. Bamurikirwa kumasaha 12 - mugitondo na nimugoroba, uko babora izuba rirenze.

Ibintu by'ingenzi

Indabyo ubwayo ifite akamaro kanini mugutegura inyuma. Tugomba kubona amakuru yose kubyerekeye kandi nyuma yibyo ushobora gufata igikwiye kuri we. Indabyo iyo ari yo yose ifite ibintu byihariye byanze bikunze byanze bikunze. Igikorwa nyamukuru kijyanye no kubona kubura izuba.

Tugomba kumenya amanota yigihe cyibihe. Ibi bizagena imikorere yumucyo. Intara ikwiye izatera imikurire kandi izagaragara.

Ikarita ya Orchide mugihe cyimbeho

Kuri Orchide, ni ngombwa gukora ikirere kidasanzwe, nkuko izo ndabyo zikura mubihugu bidasanzwe. Ngaho cyane n'izuba. Ikimenyetso cya kilimite cyagaciro kuri aya mabara ni urwego rwa 10,000 kugeza 30.000 LCs. Ubwoko bumwe bwa orchide bushobora gukenera LC 15,000.

Nkuko amatara yoroheje adakoresha ibisubizo bisanzwe. Byiza kugura phytolampegu. Ibi bizarinda gutwika amababi yo hejuru no hepfo.

Imiterere y'ingenzi yo kumurika orchide - itara ridakwiye gushyuha. Byaba byiza, niba ku ntera ya cm 10 uvuye mu gihingwa, ukuboko ntikumva ushyushye. Intera kuva itara kumurabyo igomba kuba kuva kuri cm 10 kugeza 50. Biterwa nimbaraga zitara. Rero, kuri cm 10, igikoresho cyashyizwe ku gikoresho, intandaro 7000. Ku ntera ya cm 10, harakenewe LC 5.200. Kuri cm 50 uzakenera LC 1700. Igihe cyanyuma nikigereranyo cyamasaha 12.

Kumurikirwa LED Ribbon

Ihitamo ni byiza cyane. Imyambaro iroroshye guhamya aho ariho hose, kandi urumuri rwarwo rukwiye cyane kubimera. Imyandikire yaciwe hamwe na kasi kandi ikandamira hejuru. Imyitozo ya LED iganisha ku mikurire yihuta y'ibimera. Reba ku ifoto - iyi ni urumuri rwaciwe.

Duhereye ku ngingo ushobora kandi kwiga amakuru ashimishije kandi yingirakamaro. Mu gitekerezo, urashobora kwandika, nkaho bitegurwa numubarabyo, urashobora kwomekaho ifoto. Bizaba ingirakamaro kuri benshi.

Nigute wahitamo itara ryibimera (2 videwo)

Amatara atandukanye nimyandikire yamahitamo (amafoto 40)