Kuva kera, bumwe muburyo nyamukuru bwurukuta ni plaster. Iyo inkuta za playding ziteganijwe, gukoresha ibikoresho bigena guhitamo ubwoko.
Kubara umubare wa plaque ibisubizo.
Ku rukuta rwaposs, ibisubizo byinshi birakoreshwa kandi birasabwa. Inyubako nini yumye ivanze ishingiye ku buryo butandukanye kandi yiteguye guhaza ibisabwa. Igisubizo cya plaster kirashobora gutegurwa n'amaboko yawe, kandi ntigitanga inzira nziza yo kugura. Ibi byose byerekana ko iyo shitingi zisama, gukoresha ibikoresho bigomba gukorerwa neza kandi byizewe.
Ibiranga ibikoresho
Plaster ni urwego rwo kurangiza, utegura urukuta kugeza ku mpunge zo kurangiza. Duhereye kuri playsters, gukoresha ibikoresho bitandukanye cyane. Kubwintego, ubwoko butatu bwa plaster butandukanijwe:
- Chernovaya - Kuringaniza ibitagenda neza.
- Shingiro - guhuza uhagaritse kurukuta rwose.
- Finale cyangwa putty - koroshya hejuru kugeza ku mpinga ya nyuma.
Gutondekanya plaster.
Buri bwoko bwo kurangiza burenze urugero rwubunini butandukanye nigisubizo gitandukanye, haba mubihimbano no gushikama.
Ukurikije urukuta, ubwoko bwa plaster no gukoresha ibikoresho biterwa. Noneho, hejuru ya chipboard cyangwa yumye, gusa ibice bibiri bizwi - bikabije kandi byanyuma. Amatafari asaba gutondekanya ibice bitatu byose. Mubisanzwe bishyirwa mubice bitatu, ariko playeni ebyiri zirashobora gukoreshwa. Ubwoko bwa plaster biterwa n'ahantu h'urukuta, I.e. kuva hanze kubintu bireba. Hanze n'inkuta z'imbere ziri mu bwigunge, kimwe n'inkuta z'imbere zerekanwe n'ubushuhe kandi buringaniye (ubwiherero, Sauna).
Hanyuma, gukoresha ibikoresho nubunini bwibanze bwa plaster bigira ingaruka kumyitwarire yubuso, inenge hamwe nurwego rwo gutandukana kuva guhagarikwa. Urukuta rutwikiriye chipboard cyangwa rwumye cyane kugabanya uburyo bwibikoresho, nkuko uhagaritse urukuta kandi byoroshye igice kinini cyukuri cyemewe (usibye chaams). Rero, mugihe plaster ikora, gukoresha ibikoresho biterwa nigishushanyo cyurukuta, ubwoko bwa plaster nurwego rwa tlavature cyangwa ubunini bwubuso.
Ingingo ku ngingo: 3 Amazu mu buryo bwa Bohemi: Gufotora no gusuzuma imbere (amafoto 20)
Ibiranga plaster
Gukoresha plaster kuri 1m2.
Plaster irashobora gukorwa hamwe ninteruro zuzuye cyangwa igisubizo cyabugenewe. Y'ibihimbano byo mu rugo, urashobora gutanga ibitekerezo by'ibanze. Igisubizo cya sima-Sandy gikozwe muburyo bwo kuvanga sima n'umucanga bingana 1: (2-6). Mu kimenyetso cya nyuma, umubare wumucanga urashobora kwiyongera. Sima kumurimo ikoreshwa cyane cyane na m400 ikirango cya M400 kubijyanye no hanze na M200 kubikorwa byimbere. Igisubizo cya sima-Lime-Sandy cyateguwe kuva simenyo ya sima, Lime n'umucanga byayongereyeho 1: 1: (3-5). Lime n'umucanga bivanze hamwe no kubona ikizamini cya hekeste, nyuma yo kuvanga na sima.
Igisubizo cya Lime-Gypsum kigizwe nuruvange rwa Gypsum hamwe nikigeragezo cya hekeste ukurikije igipimo cya 1: (3-4). Na none, ifu ya likene ni lime yumusatsi numucanga muri 1: 3. Igiti cya lime-ibumba kirimo uruvange rwibumba hamwe numucanga hamwe na lime yashya muri geiti ya 1: 0.4: (3-6). Ubuzima ni uruvange rwuburinganire bwashizweho numucanga ukurikije igice cya 1: (3-5).
Sima-igisubizo ibisubizo birakunzwe cyane. Ku nkingi zikubiye muri sima, ibisubizo bigabanijwemo uruhu (igipimo cya 1: 5 n'umucanga barenga); Ibinure (Ikigereranyo cya 1: 2) nibisanzwe kuri getio ya 1: (3-4). Ibisubizo biramba cyane ni amoko atandukanye, ariko birashobora gucamo. Byongeye kandi, bafite uburyo bwongerewe na sima yongerewe, buganisha ku kuzamuka mu giciro cy'ibigize. Byasabuza byibuze guswera ubwoko bwuruhu, bitera imikoreshereze yabo mumwanya wanyuma. Mubucucike, ibisubizo bigabanijwemo ubwoko buremereye (inshuro zirenga 1500 kg / m³) hamwe nubwoko bworoshye (munsi ya 1500 kg / m³). Gusaba cyane imirimo yimbere bisanga icya sivesitike cya plastike-lime-sandy.
Gahunda yo gukora inkuta ndende za plaster kumurongo.
Kugirango dukore igisubizo cyinshi kandi elastit, inyongera zitandukanye zikoreshwa, kurugero, ibikoresho byimbitse (isabune yubukungu, shampoo, nibindi). Kugirango wongere igihe cyo gusuka igisubizo no kongera elastique, Pva na coinsery Glue yongeyeho. Izo ngingo mubisanzwe ntizirenga 2-5% kuburemere.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute Gusoza umurongo kuri bkoni: Hitamo ibice bya varnish, bidafite amarangi
Vuba aha, yiteguye kuvanga yumye bikoreshwa cyane. Ibihimbano byinshi birimo amahitamo yumye ashingiye kuri sima yimirimo yo hanze nimbere, ndetse no kurangiza uruvange rushingiye ku buryo bumwe. Kubwumugati wamahanga, plaster yumye hamwe na litty kuvanga birakwiriye kuri plaster. Ibihe bidasanzwe kandi byiza birimo plaster yumutuku, uruvange rwa "coroed" ku rukuta rwo hanze, Vanest Plaster, imvange "yizeye", gufunga "hamwe nabandi benshi.
Kubara ibikoresho byo gukoresha ibikoresho
Ikigereranyo cya mbere kigera ku gukoresha ibikoresho ku rukuta rwa plaster gikorwa utazirikana ibintu byinshi, gusa ku gace k'agateganyo. Kurugero, urukuta rufite ubuso bwa 20 m². Ubunini bwurwego rwibanze ni cm 5, i.e. 0.05 m. Kubara abanza byerekana ko ingano ya plaster ari 1 m³ cyangwa, mubijyanye nubunini bwamazi, litiro 1000. Uruvange rwa sima n'umucanga muri 1: 3 nubunini bukoreshwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, kunywa sima kuri plaster yinkuta bizaba 1: 4 = 0.25 m², hamwe numucanga ni 0.75 M³. Ku buke bwa sima 1600 kg / m³, gukoresha ibiro bya sima ku kazi bizaba 400 kg. Niba sima-lime-Sandy Igisubizo ikoreshwa mugice cya 1: 1: 4, kubara byerekana ko ibicuruzwa bizaba 0.17, cyangwa 272 kg.Kubara kubintu bimwe
Igishushanyo.
Mubikorwa, urukuta rufite kugabanuka runaka. Ibaruramari ryuzuye ryibi bikoresho risaba ibipimo byinshi nibiraro, bidasobanutse neza. Ibaruramari ryagereranijwe ryo kugabanuka kwurukuta rirashobora gutangizwa kubara impuzandengo yikigereranyo cyumwanya nyirizina. Kubwibyo, umubyimba ntarengwa kandi ntarengwa wa plaster urwego rwiyemeje, kandi ni ugereranywa n'agaciro kagaciro. Kurugero, ubunini ntarengwa bwari mm 14, kandi ubunini ntarengwa ni 32 mm. Kubwibyo, impuzandengo ifite agaciro (44 + 52) / 2 = 48 mm. Kwitabaho iyi gaciro, ukureho kubara mbere.
Mu kubara mbere, agace k'urukuta rwafashwe nk'ahantu hakaba urukiramende rukwiye, i.e. Nk'igicuruzwa cyuburebure bwuburebure bwubuso. Mubare nyabyo, birakenewe kuzirikana gutandukana nuburebure bwurukuta nubusa. Kubara uburebure bwo hagati bwurukuta nuburebure bwacyo bufatwa. Ingamba zikorwa ku ngingo eshatu - hagati no ku nkombe. Agaciro kagereranijwe muburyo butatu. Byongeye kandi, gutandukana kw'inguni kuva 90 ° bitaweho. Kugera muri ako gace kubera iyi sinere ivanyweho gusa ku gaciro kabazwe.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute ushobora gukora imiryango - hamwe numupaka cyangwa udafite
Kubara neza umushinga wa mbere biragoye gupima ibipimo byinebwe. Kubara bigomba gufata ingamba nini. Kurugero, mugihe uzirikana umushinga ukurikije chipboard, igikoma kibarwa hafi yubunini bwa Seam hagati yimpapuro, nkibicuruzwa byuburebure bwa kashe ku mugari nubwinshi bwimpapuro za chipboard.
Kenshi na kenshi, kubara neza ntibikenewe.
Kubara kubanza kubara bitanga uburyo bwo gukoresha neza ibikoresho, bishobora kuba ingirakamaro mugihe ukora indi mirimo yo kubaka.
Ibi bivuka bitewe nuko ububyimba bwingenzi bwa plaster busanzwe kugeza ku bunini ntarengwa.
Gukoresha ibisanzwe bivanze
Iyo ukoresheje kuvangwa biteguye, ni ngombwa kwibanda ku byifuzo kubijyanye no gukoresha ibikoresho byerekanwe kuri paki. Kurugero, ibiciro bimwe biranga Uruvange rwuzuye hamwe na plaque basabwaga. Gypsum playkin kuvanga iyo ikoreshwa kurukuta rwa mm 10 z'ubumara uburebure bwa chipboard izaba ifite ibisabwa 9 kg / m². Gukoresha sima muri imvange bizaba impuzandengo ya 16-18 kg / m². Plaster yo gushushanya izakenera hafi 8 kg / m³. Uhereye ku bundi bwoko bwa plaster ibisubizo, umuntu arashobora gushira ibiciro bikurikira kuri 1 M²:- "Umusaza" - 1.5 kg;
- "Rotbend" - 8.5 kg (hamwe n'ubunini bwa cm 5);
- "Coroed" - kugeza kuri 3;
- Planet plaster - 0.2 kg.
Ibikoresho bikenewe
Ibikoresho bisabwa kuri plaster.
Iyo upomennye inkuta, ibikoresho bikurikira bikoreshwa:
- Sima m200 na m400;
- Umusenyi ufite imigise ufite ingano za bugufi (byaba byiza, uruzi quartz);
- Lime yarashya cyangwa ifu ya hekestone;
- plaster yubwubatsi;
- ibumba (alumina);
- amazi meza;
- komezamubiri;
- Pva;
- Plaster yumye yo kuvanga imbere no hanze.
Iyo plaster ikora, birakenewe gutegura ibikoresho hakiri kare kugirango bidakenewe kwishyura indishyi. Ihagarara ritunguranye kumurimo rishobora kugira ingaruka kumiterere ya plaster.