LED kuri AUTO ikora wenyine
Abamotari benshi bifuza gusimbuza amatara asanzwe mu modoka kuri LED. Ibyiza byanyuma ni ugukoresha amafaranga make, kuramba, ibisohoka hejuru, nta gushyushya. Nibyiza gusiga ibipimo birimo ibipimo birimo no mugitondo kugirango umenye ko bateri kandi itatekereje isohoka. Iyi ngingo izafasha kwigenga amatara yoroheje ku buye n'amaboko yawe kandi yirinde amakosa asanzwe.
Ikintu cya mbere ugomba kwiga mbere yo gukomeza inzira yo gusimbuza: iyobowe ntabwo ari itara ryoroheje. Witondere kandi witonze, gusana ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi by'imodoka biturutse ku bikorwa byawe bitari byo ni ikintu kidashimishije. Ibi ariko, bidafite impungenge za LED gusa, ariko nanone ibikorwa byose bifite insinga z'amashanyarazi, byaba bishyiraho ibimenyetso bya amplifier cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso. Ariko, ariko, ntabwo imana zo mu nkono yaka, nta kintu kigoye mu gusimburwa, umuntu wese ufite amaboko agororotse arashobora kubitanga wenyine.
Imyanya nyamukuru dukeneye kwiga ni:
1. Voltage kumurongo wimodoka. Mubisanzwe ni 12 - 13 v hamwe na moteri yuzuye na 13 - 14.5 v hamwe ninshingano.
2. Guvoma Gutanga ID isanzwe ni 3.5 V. Ukurikije ibara, ibi birashobora kuba: Kureka umuhondo na Red Leds - 2 - 2.5 v .; Kubururu, icyatsi, cyera - 3-3.8 V. Ubusanzwe Ubu Imbaraga-nkeya ziyobowe - 20 MA, ikomeye - 350 MA.
3. Ntabwo LEDS zose, zitandukanye kumatara yoroheje, kumurikira umwanya ubwayo. Ibi bigomba gusuzumwa mugihe cyo gusimbuza amatara yerekana ibipimo, kurugero, muri Dashboard. Mugihe ugura, ugomba kwitondera ubwoko bwa lens cyangwa, niba ubishoboye, baza ugurisha. LEDS idafite ingunzu zifite lens nto irangiye. Muri rusange, gerageza kugenzura mugihe ugura, ndetse nibyiza, kugura no kugerageza bike bitandukanye.
4. Kuyoboka, nka bateri, ifite wongeyeho kandi ukuyemo. Ibikubiyemo byitwa Cathode, wongeyeho - Anode, mu gishushanyo berekana gutya:
Icyitonderwa! Ugomba kumva ko gufata no gufungura uwayoboye kumurongo wimodoka - bivuze ko byemewe ko bitwika.
Urashaka kumenya neza? Fata kandi uhuze ihendutse yayoboye kumurongo wubuyobozi. Uhereye ku mucyo, urugero. Azamurika neza kandi umwotsi :) ariko uzareba uko inzira isa. Nshuti Leds yatwitse inzira imwe, nibyiza rero kwitoza kuhendutse.
Huza Ldd
1. Imirongo ya LED igurishwa, yiswe cluster, yagenewe 12V. Urashobora kubahuza gusa kumurongo wubuyobozi kandi wishimire amatara meza. Ariko hariho ikintu kidashimishije - mugihe moteri ya moteri ihinduka, umucyo wa lumini ya lumini ya LED mumatsinda azahinduka. Gato, ariko biragaragara. Byongeye kandi, mubyukuri, nibisanzwe muri voltage hafi 12.5V, niba rero ufite voltage nkeya mumiyoboro yikigo, amatsinda azamurika. Cluster yubaka igizwe numunyururu wa LED numurwanya. Kuri buri lyds uko ari itatu, umurwanya usanga voltage irenze. Tapi ya LES yateguwe muburyo bumwe, niba rero ukeneye guca igice - reba lente, ifite aho ishobora gutemwa. Mubisanzwe izi nimwe imwe n'inzira eshatu nu murwanya ... aho idashobora kuyigabanya :)
Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: Igorofa ishyushye munsi yimbaho yimbaho n'amaboko yabo
2. Fungura leds ukurikirana, urunigi, ni ukuvuga, kora ihuriro ryakozwe murugo. Ni ukuvuga, gufunga umubare wifuzwa, hamwe ninyuma ebyiri zisigaye - kumuyoboro wa interineti. Tuzerekana ingingo tuvuga ibyerekeye LED yera. LED ya voltage y'amabara atandukanye aratandukanye. Biroroshye kubara ibyo kuri 12-14 v bizakenerwa led 3. Muri rusange, bazatanga 3.5x3 = 10.5 V. Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, iyobowe ifite wongeyeho kandi ukuyemo. Ihuza ryikurikiranye nigihe cyo hiyongereyeho kimwe gihujwe no gukuramo ibikurikira nibindi kugeza kumpera yumurongo.
Ariko ntibashobora guhuzwa mu buryo butaziguye, birakenewe gufungura voltage yagutse ku munyururu wawe kugira ngo uhindukire ku rugero rwa 100-150 of... Induru zigurishwa mububiko ubwo aribwo bwose.
Ubu buryo burababazwa nibibi nkibyo byabanjirije - impinduka muburyo bwimiterere yimyenda iyo imvoka zimpinduka. Ntoya ariko idashimishije. Ariko, ukoresheje iyi gahunda urashobora guhuza umubare uwo ariwo wose wa LED ubakusanya iminyururu kuri 3 PC. Hamwe no kumurwanya no gushyiramo isano. Mugereranije, bisobanura gukusanya iminyururu mike imwe, hiyongereyeho urunigi kugirango uhuze na wongeyeho undi munyururu, ukuyemo - hamwe na MINUS. Muri rusange, iryo tegeko ryashyizwe mu kurwanya kubarwa n amategeko ya Ohm. Ariko niba utari mubintu hamwe na formulaire, koresha itegeko ryoroshye: Niba ufunguye 1 LED - Kurwanya 500 ohms, niba bibiri ari 300 ohms, oms 150. Muri iki kibazo, ntushobora gusoma. :) ariko kumara igice cyisaha kugirango wige formula yoroshye, uziga guhitamo indangagaciro zabatuye, bivuze ko leds yawe izamurika kandi neza. Ndashobora kwizeza ko udakeneye kuba umunyeshuri wiganje, nzagerageza kubora birambuye kandi byumvikana. Uzakenera:
1. Meripore, ibikoresho bya none kandi irwanya ubu, muri commoner "igihome" cyangwa "muyoboro". Kugurisha mububiko bwa radio amateurs, ibicuruzwa byamashanyarazi no mumasoko yubushinwa. Ibiciro biva kuri 50. Ndagusaba kugura diginemu, yumvikana nawe. Iki kintu ushobora gutanga ibipimo byose bikenewe, keretse niba, wige amabwiriza cyangwa ingingo "imiyoboro" ya tealot ".
2. Ohma Amategeko ya Ohma kumugambi wumuzunguruko wamashanyarazi, ni ukuvuga kubijyanye nawe. R = u / i. Aho r ari ukurwanya umurwanya, u ni voltage ugomba kwishyura, i - ikigezweho mumurongo. Ni ukuvuga, kugirango urwanire umusingere ugabanuka, ugomba kugabana voltage ukeneye kwishyura kuri ubungubu.
Reka dufate urugero. Dufite umweru woroshye wera kuburyo dukeneye guhuza kumurongo wimodoka. Gutanga voltage yibyo iyobowe ni hafi 3.5 v, ubungubu - 20 ma.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Birashoboka gushyira umurongo mushya wa kera
1. Gupima voltage aho tugiye guhuza ibyateganijwe. Ikigaragara ni uko guhangayikishwa kumurongo wa kabiri biratandukanye. Kuri bateri birashobora kuba 13 volt, no ku itabi - 13.5, nibindi. Noneho, fata icyemezo mbere aho uzahuza. Fungura igikoresho kuri voltage uburyo bwo gupima. Dufate ko ari 13 V. Andika ku rupapuro.
2. Kuraho voltage yayoboye kuva 13V (3.5V). Tubona 9.5 V. Ikigezweho muri formula yasimbuwe muri amperes, muri Ampere 1000 Milliaimper, ni ukuvuga, kuri iki kibazo, 20.2. Gukoresha formula, kubara iby'ibitero:
9.5 / 0.02 = 475 Ohm.
Kugirango urwanye mugihe cyo gukora, birasangirwa, tubarira imbaraga zayo. Kugira ngo ukore ibi, ugomba kugwiza votage ko umurwanya wazimye - 9.5 Volts, kurubu, aho binyuramo - 0.02 ampps. 9.5x0.02 = 0.19 Watts. Nibyiza gufata umunyamakuru wongeyeho - 0.5-1 watts.
Ni ukuvuga, dukeneye kubwira ugurisha mu iduka rya radiyo "Nkeneye umurego 475 Ohm 0.5 cyangwa Watt imwe.". Urashobora gukoresha izina nibindi byinshi, gusa kumurika bizashira. Ntoya - bizaba byiza, ariko ntashobora kubakunda.
Muguze icyifuzo, uhuza kandi wishime :) kurangiza neza kubara, urashobora gupima ikiriho mumurongo. Kugirango ukore ibi, fungura imiyoboro muburyo bwo gupima uburemere (reba amabwiriza kubikoresho) mu cyuho kiri hagati yo kwimenyekanisha no kuyoborwa. Niba amabwiriza yatakaye - ntabwo ari ibibazo. Shiraho disiki kuri label "10a", hanyuma uhindure probe itukura mumutwe hamwe numukono "10a".
Agomba kwerekana miliyoni 20 cyangwa munsi yayo. Induru na LED zifite itandukaniro ryibipimo, niko iki kirashobora gutandukana haba impande zombi, ariko gato. Niba agaciro kuva 15 kugeza 23 Ma ari ibisanzwe. Uko ubu, iyobowe ritemewe riramurika, ariko igihe gito cya serivisi. Kubwibyo, kubijyanye na LED isanzwe, ntabwo bisabwa gushiraho ikigezweho cyavuzwe haruguru 20 MA, ufite imyaka 18m. Inzira nziza yo guhitamo kurwanya ibyifuzo ni ugukoresha imyigaragambyo. Ariko biracyakomeza :)
Amakuru yavuzwe haruguru azemerera guhuza umubare w'agaciro akomokamo kandi ufite imbaraga, birahagije kumenya imihangayiko ikoreshwa ndetse no kubasimbuza muri formula.
Nibyiza cyane guhuza muburyo buteganijwe. Diode isanzwe yubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose, ni ukuvuga Cathode ya Diode kumurimo wa ANODE y anode y anode. Ibi bizarinda ibisubizo byawe bitandukanye. Ibi ni ukuri cyane kumodoka zuzuye murugo.
Kuri pontisititike cyane :) - umushoferi wambere wayoboye imodoka
Andi makuru akora abakunzi bambere bamaze kumenya amategeko ya Ohm. Nta karimbi kagabanuka, kandi ufite bike byo gucana LED - Ndashaka ko bamurikirana nabi, ntibiterwa na moteri.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Niki wamanika ku gikoni: Ahari kaseti umwenda?
Guhindukira cyane kuri LEDs ni muri stabilizer iriho. LED ni igikoresho cya semiconductor gikoreshwa nubundi, ntabwo ari voltage. Kubwibyo, niba uhagaritse kandi ukagabanya ubungurutse kuriyo, urashobora guhuza na kilovolt, iyobowe izamurika bisanzwe. Kandi uburyo bwo gukora bushingiye ku gihe iyobowe kugeza igihe izamurika idatakaje umucyo. Guhungabanya ibigezweho, bikoreshwa, bita abashoferi. Umushoferi woroshye ni igishushanyo kuri chip ya LM317. Inyungu nyamukuru yiyi chip kubatangiye biragoye kubitwika :)
Ufite ubwoba? Ntakintu :) mubyukuri, ibice bibiri birasabwa - microcircuit ubwayo ninzira eshatu voltage. Dufungura uburyo bwo guhungabanya umutekano, kandi umurwanya. Kugirango utajya mubitekerezo, ibikorwa ni ibi bikurikira - shaka impinduka zihindagurika hamwe no kurwanya 0.5 com. Iki nikintu nk'iki gifite imyanzuro itatu na twilight. Kimwe na microcircuit, igurishwa byose muri "radio amateur" kumafaranga asekeje. Birashoboka kumenya mubikoresho bitari ngombwa na gato. Tweguriwe insinga kubwuzuzanye hamwe numwe mubintu bikabije, uko byagenda kose. Fungura imiyoboro muburyo bwo gupima. Duhuza insinga igikoresho no gupima kurwanya umurwanya. Kuzenguruka inkoni tugera ku gusoma ntarengwa, ni ukuvuga, 500 ohms (cyangwa irenga). Ntabwo ari ugutwika kuyoborwa mugihe urwanya kurwanya ari make cyane.
Dukusanya urunigi. Icyitonderwa! Reba neza guhuza neza mbere yo guhuza? Yagenzuwe? Neza?
Igikoresho gihinduka muburyo bwo gupima. Kuzenguruka moteri yo kurwanya impinduka tugera kubuhamya bwigikoresho 20 ma. Zimya urunigi, pima kurwanya umurwanya kandi dusohoza ibisanzwe kurwanya no gusahura kimwe aho. Voila! Mugihe wakusanyije umushoferi wawe wayoboye :) ifite imipaka ntarengwa iriho mugihe cya 1-1.5 a, bityo rero mugihe uhuza umubare munini wa LED: Icya mbere, koresha imbaraga nyinshi. Icya kabiri, fata chip. Niba bishyushye - byumvikana kubishyira kuri radiator. Ntiwibagirwe ko umubiri wimodoka ufite amashanyarazi na bateri ya "ukuyemo", hamwe na chip ya chip (umubiri) ni hamwe numuguru wa kabiri. Kubwibyo, kubishyira kumubiri utanze gasike - igitekerezo kibi. Undi nuance - chip ubwayo igabanya voltage ntarengwa, ishobora gutangwa kuyoborwa, kuri bibiri cyangwa bitatu. Kubwibyo, ibirenze 11-12 volt ntubonana nuyu mushoferi. Ariko ni igitekerezo cyoroshye kandi cyambere kijyanye no guhuza LED mumodoka uzaguha :) munzira, kuri chip imwe + yibisobanuro, urashobora gukusanya ishami rishinzwe gutanga amashanyarazi rya 1.5-30 V., ni ingirakamaro cyane mumodoka. Gahunda yo gushira kuri enterineti yashyizweho.
Muri rusange, niba ibintu byose byakubayeho - Murakaza neza ku isi ishimishije ya radiododobiya bya radiyo, kuko udashobora guhagarika ...