Icapiro Ingagi: Ubwoko nigishushanyo mbonera (+52 Amafoto)

Anonim

Mu nyubako zifite amagorofa abiri, amazu, akazu, ikintu cyingenzi kandi gikora ibintu nintambwe. Birakenewe guterura hejuru ya top, attic cyangwa atic. Mu mwanya muto, biragoye kwinjira mu rubuga rwuzuye runjira imbere. Kuzigama umwanya wubusa, ingazi nziza ni nziza - sisitemu yubwoko buhagaritse, intambwe ziherereye kuri Helix.

Imiterere ya Screw ishingiye ku nkunga cyangwa inkoni, muruziga rwacyo hari intambwe zishushanyijeho. Buri gice cyibiti byintambwe iherereye ku nkunga, intera iri hagati yintambwe, ubugari bwabo nuburyo bushingiye kuri moderi yatoranijwe. Ibicuruzwa byarangiye birashobora kugurwa mu gusenya no gushyirwa ahagaragara. Niba hari ubumenyi, ibikoresho nibikoresho, urashobora gukora ingazi n'amaboko yawe.

Ibyiza bya screw ingazi

Igishushanyo mbonera cyubwoko (uruziga cyangwa igice-gifunzwe) gisa imbere. Ariko ku ihumure ryo kuzamuka, icyitegererezo kizenguruka kiri munsi yicyatsi, bituma bigora kuzamura hejuru yikimenyetso cyo hejuru cyibikoresho.

Scrow Screen Hasizi muri etage ya kabiri

Kubindi bipimo, screw staircase ifite inyungu zidashidikanywaho:

  • Ntugafate umwanya munini wubusa urakoze kubiranga.
  • Icyitegererezo gikozwe mubikoresho byiza bifite imikorere myiza, gutandukana.
  • Ukurikije ibiciro, imitwe ya screw irashimishije cyane kubaguzi basanzwe.
  • Gushyigikira intambwe, rack nini, gari ya gari yashize ifite ituze, kuramba, kwihanganira umutwaro.
  • Ingazi zishobora gushyirwaho mucyumba icyo ari cyo cyose hagati, urukuta, imbere y'urugi rwinjira, mu idirishya rinini kuri Terase.
  • Muri gahunda yo gushushanya ubuhanzi, ibicuruzwa bifatwa nkigaragaza sisitemu yintambwe.
  • Amahitamo amwe yintambwe arashobora kugurwa muburyo bwo gusebanya, kugirango tutishyure serivisi za ba shebuja.
  • Intego rusange igena imikoreshereze yagutse muri sisitemu yigenga.

Ingazi Zizunguruka mu igorofa rya kabiri ni kwimuka kwabafasha, bitanga umusaruro woroshye kuri tier yo hejuru, harimo icyumba cyateganijwe, atike. Gukoresha icyitegererezo cyintoki ni byiza gushimangira igishushanyo mbonera, bitera umunezero mubandi.

Inyungu nyamukuru ya sisitemu ya screw ni yo kuzigama umwanya w'ubuntu, amahirwe yo kwiyongera mu bihe bike byo mu byumwe bito.

Spiral Spiircase

Ubwoko bwibishushanyo

Ubworozi bwatsinzwe mu igorofa rya kabiri burashobora gushyirwa mu mwanya ukurikije ibintu bitandukanye ku bwoko butandukanye: na kamere yo gutegura intambwe, ibikoresho byo gukora ibintu, imiterere. Barashobora kubana na garibariya kandi batabafite, bafite ingamba nini cyangwa ibitero bito kandi bito. Rimwe na rimwe, ingazi zikoresha toater - uruzitiro rudasanzwe rushobora gufasha mugihe ushyiraho intambwe.

Ibisabwa nyamukuru nihaba inkingi ikomeye, igishushanyo cyose gifunzwe. Igomba gushyirwaho neza kurwego, ikosowe neza kuburyo sisitemu yuzuye ihagaritse.

Ingazi ya spiral

Ibipimo byingenzi mugihe uhisemo nuburyo bwo gufatira abantu benshi:

  • Icyitegererezo cyoroshye hamwe nintambwe zifatika - ibintu bizagarurwa mugihe kinini kurukuta rwegeranye hafi ya perimetero, kandi ifunganye - ku nkoni;
  • Ubwoko bwo kwishyiriraho intambwe yo mumahanga - Ibice bya sisitemu yintambwe yakuwe mu nkunga nyamukuru ku nkoni, kwishyiriraho hagati y'icyumba;
  • Icyitegererezo nta nkingi rusange - Gushiraho Intambwe bikorwa mu ntambwe za gukururwa, icyarimwe gikora uruhare rwabatorizo, ni sisitemu igoye;
  • Ibicuruzwa hamwe na Rack Centre - Inshingano yinkunga ni ugufata ingazi, buri ntambwe "yarenze" inkoni ihindagurika, inkoni ikosowe ku nkunga.

Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: ni ubuhe baluster ahitamo ingazi yimbaho: amoko, ingano hamwe nimbuto zizwi cyane

Ubwoko bwa stair
Ubwoko bune bwingenzi bwashushanyije

Mbere yo guhitamo, ugomba guhitamo hamwe nuburyo bwibicuruzwa. Sisitemu ya Screw mu igorofa rya kabiri irazengurutse (spiral) na polygonal (kare). Niba kwishyiriraho bikorwa kurukuta, urashobora gushiraho moderi ya polygonal - umwanya mwiza wo kuzigama. Mu gice cyo hagati cyicyumba, ibicuruzwa byashyizwe ahagaragara.

Kare spiral spiir

Impinduka zose za stair starses zishyizwe mubikorwa muburyo buhagaze kandi bamoko. Ubwoko butandukanye bwintambwe ya kabiri ahanini munsi yo kuzirikana ibiranga ubwubatsi bwicyumba.

Ingazi

Ibicuruzwa bya modular bikorerwa muri verisiyo yuzuye, nyuma yo kubyara, ingazi igomba gukusanywa mu mwanya. Ibyiza nibishoboka byo gusenya nta byangiritse kubice bya sisitemu yintambwe.

Modular spiral spirar
Imyanda ya Moduor

Kuri videwo: Gushiraho ingazi ya modular hamwe namaboko yawe.

Amahitamo ya screw ingazi muri etage ya kabiri

Kugirango umutekano n'umutekano wo guterura mugice cyo hejuru, cyashushanyije ingazi ya etage ya kabiri igomba kuba yujuje ibisabwa. Ubugari bw'intambwe buzoroherwa kandi bifite umutekano niba ubunini bwo gukomera butarenze mm 200. Buri gice kigomba gukosorwa neza, kandi ingazi irarya neza mu ndege ihagaritse kandi itambitse.

Urakoze kubiciro byemewe nuburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho, sisitemu ya screw ikoreshwa ibisabwa. Inyungu yinyongera kubyerekeye ingazi nkizo ni igitutu gito cyinkunga hasi, ubushobozi bwo gushimishwa no gukubita imbere.

Ishuri ry'ubukungu

Yarangije ingazi kuri etage ya kabiri yimiterere irashobora kugurwa nabatunganya ibicuruzwa. Ibicuruzwa byiciro byubukungu bidahendutse, byuzuye hamwe nibisabwa mumutekano, bigurishwa muburyo bwo gusebanya nkinzego za modular. Shyiramo, inteko n'inyigisho bigomba gushyirwaho.

Icyitegererezo cyoroshye cyintambwe izengurutse gikora intego ikora kandi ifite imitungo myiza ishushanya.

Screw Hasigere Amasomo

Birerekana ingazi z'ubukungu:

  • Ibikoresho byo gukora neza - icyuma, ibiti;
  • Agaciro gahinduka wagenwe na Producer Producer;
  • Moderi Gutumiza Byakozwe hakurikijwe imishinga ya buri muntu;
  • Ibicuruzwa ntabwo biri munsi yintambwe ihenze kugeza kumurongo na decor;
  • Igishushanyo cyoroshye biroroshye kwishyiriraho.

Ingazi zizenguruka zirashobora gutangwa n'amaboko yawe. Ibi bisaba kubanza kubanza gukora, kora igishushanyo no gutegura ibikoresho nkenerwa, ibikoresho. Ariko niba bigoye kuvuka nigishushanyo cyigenga, nibyiza kugisha inama inzobere. Ibisabwa byingenzi kugirango byubahirizwe icyiciro cyubukungu ni ukugira kwizerwa n'umutekano wo guterura / gukomoka.

Ingendo zubukungu

Kuri videwo: Super Stairsease yinzu yigihugu.

Kuri Gufungura Gito

Ba nyiri amazu yigenga bahura nikibazo cyo gushyira imizisi mumwanya muto. Nubwo ibipimo byoroshye byintambwe, biragoye gushiraho icyitegererezo cyatoranijwe mucyumba gito kugirango igishushanyo gihuze mu igorofa rya kabiri.

Byateganijwe, urashobora kugabana ibyaguzwe mubyiciro bitatu byingenzi:

  • Byibuze (935x650 mm) - gusa ingazi yati cyangwa urwego rwemerewe, nta moderi ikaze mumyitozo ntizakora;

Ingazi mu igorofa rya kabiri kugirango rifungurwe nto

  • Gito (1200х900 mm) - Urashobora kwinjizamo imiterere mito ifite inguni yo kuzunguruka kugeza kuri dogere 70-90, ariko ntishobora gukoreshwa buri gihe;

Ingazi ziboroga umutwe kugirango zifungurwe nto

  • Kugufi (2300x800 mm) - Kwishyiriraho ibitekerezo byiza bya screw screw stairse yimiterere iyo ari yo yose n'imiterere yintambwe zifunze.

Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute watandukanya ingazi munzu: Guhitamo ibikoresho byarebaga | +65

Elimints yintambwe kugirango ufungure

Mu gufungura ingano nini cyane, urashobora gushiraho urugendo rwurwego niba ubunini bwicyumba bwemewe. Ni ngombwa kuzirikana imiterere yo gufungura muri etage ya kabiri - urukiramende, kuzenguruka, igice. Moderi ya Spire yo kuzamuka mu mwobo uzenguruka / semicircular igomba kuba ifite ibice bigoramye.

Screw stainese kugirango ufungure

Niba gufungura igorofa ya kabiri bifite uburyo budasanzwe (trapezium, polyedzium, oval), birasabwa guhitamo ingazi ya screw muri atike. Impuguke zizirikana nibikoresho byo kwishyiriraho imirongo igace hanyuma ugashyira ibipimo byifuzwa mumushinga kugiti cye.

Kare

Imvugo "kare kare" ntabwo ari nziza rwose kandi irashobora kuyobya. Ingazi zirashobora kuba zifite kare, ariko geometrie ikomeye ntabwo irinzwe. Iki gishushanyo cya kabiri cyangwa igiti gikozwe muguhindura inguni kandi ntabwo birimo ibintu byunamye. Iki nigisubizo kidasanzwe cyumwanya muto.

Kwiyubaka bikorwa kurukuta hamwe nabapadiri ba Peimeter no ku nkoni nkuru. Mu buryo bw'ingazi isa na "inzoka itari yo."

Kare spiral spiir

Ibiranga moderi yerekana ubwoko bwa kare:

  • Bishyizwe neza mumwanya muto muto;
  • Ifite ishingiro kubera ubworoherane bwo guterana no koroshya kwishyiriraho;
  • Guhuza nuburyo butandukanye bwimbere;
  • Birashobora kuba igishushanyo mbonera cyangwa umufasha;
  • Ubugari bw'umurongo ku murongo ni kuva kuri mm 200;
  • Inguni yo gukomera biterwa numwanya wubusa;
  • Neza kubona umutwaro utangwa;
  • Itandukanye mubipimo byoroshye, uburemere buke.

Ikibanza cya Spiral Spiral - Tandem Spiral SpIl na Kugenda. Nibyiza gukoresha ahantu hato cyangwa mubyumba, igishushanyo mbonera cyo gukuraho imirongo yoroshye kandi ifite imiterere. Igishushanyo cyicyitegererezo gishobora gukorwa mugice cyubwubatsi cyamazu nikambi cyangwa ibibanza byarangiye. Ingero nto zirashobora gushyirwaho neza mugihugu.

Ibicuruzwa biri hasi muri sisitemu yo kuruhura neza kandi bikwiranye byihuse ahantu ho kwishyiriraho, aho kwishyiriraho izindi nzego bidashoboka tekiniki.

Square StrishCase

Ibipimo

Kugirango ingazi za screw zizamuka neza zimanuka, ibipimo byibicuruzwa bigomba kubahiriza ingano yemewe. Birashoboka gukora ingazi ukurikije igishushanyo ku giti cye, kimwe no gukora kwigenga.

Ingano isanzwe kuri star staircase ikubiyemo ibipimo bikurikira:

  • Ubugari bwiza bwintambwe mugice cyo hagati ni Mm 200, intera ya mm 150 uhereye kumutwe wungirije - byibuze mm 100.

Ingano yintambwe kuri stair inganta

  • Uburebure bwintambwe biratandukanye, ingano ntarengwa ni mm 600 ifite diameter diameter 1400 mm, 800 mm - diameter 2000 mm.
  • Gufungura bisanzwe mugushiraho kwishyiriraho moderi ya swix muri diameter ni mm 2000.

OPEL kuri stairse

  • Kuburyo bwumuntu, ubugari nuburebure bwimiterere bigomba kwemeza ubwisanzure bwo guterura urwego rukurikira.

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

  • Diameter isanzwe yicyuma cyicyuma kiva kumuyoboro ukikijwe ni mm 50.
  • Intera Nziza hagati yintoki nuruhande rwo gufungura ntabwo ari munsi ya mm 100.

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ingano yintambwe igomba kuba inyangamugayo kugirango imbaraga nubufatanye bisabwa. Ifite agaciro kanini k'intambwe - hamwe n'inguni idahwitse yo kuzunguruka ku ngazi zo kuzamuka.

Gukangura ni ikintu giteganijwe cyicyitegererezo cya screw. Ingero zidafite gabanya kudatanga umutekano usabwa / umutekano umanuka.

Gusiganwa ku nganga

Kubikoresho

Kimwe mu bintu bikoreshwa kuramba kugeza ku igorofa rya kabiri ni ubwiza bwibikoresho, kwishyiriraho ibikoresho nibikoresho bibi. Abakora batanga ingazi zikozwe mu giti, icyuma, mesrete, ikirahure, ikirahure, bitera icyuma.

Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute ushobora gukora ingazi kuva umuyoboro wumwirondoro: Guhitamo igishushanyo, kubara no guterana | +50 ifoto

Intambwe ya monolitte ya monolitte iragoye kwinjira mugushiraho icyumba, kuko bafite isura nziza, reba neza kandi ukonje. Naho ingazi ziva mu kirahure, basa neza, umwanya wubusa ntabwo "watoranijwe". Ibiti, icyuma na strike-ibyuma byabonetse icyamamare kinini, buri kimwe kifite ibiranga, plus hamwe nibibi.

Ibiti

Gushiraho ingazi ziva mu giti ni uburyo bwo kwishyiriraho mu nzu, akazu, mu gihugu. Ibikoresho biranga ubushyuhe bwiza, burasa neza imbere, ifite imbaraga nubwara bisabwa. Igiti kiratunganya neza, entemes ishimishije ifite imitako idasanzwe iboneka muburyo butandukanye.

Ingazi nziza

Ibyiza bya Screen yimbaho:

  • Ubuziranenge bwibikoresho;
  • Ibipimo bike byo kuzamura igishushanyo;
  • Impapuro nyinshi kandi zishimishije;
  • Imbaraga nyinshi, ubuzima bwiza bwa serivisi mugihe gikwiye;
  • uburemere buke, ibipimo byoroshye, umutwaro ntarengwa ntarengwa ku ntambwe;
  • Urashobora guhuza neza ibyuma bishyigikira ibiti byimbaho.

Kimwe cya kabiri cy'ibiti mu igorofa rya kabiri

Gusubira inyuma gusa ku nzego bivuye ku giti biterwa n'ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe. Kubwibyo, mbere yo gushiraho, ibicuruzwa bigomba gutunganywa na antiseptics, bitwikiriye ibice mubice byinshi kugirango wirinde kwibeshya.

Ibyuma

Ingazi yicyuma gifite imbaraga zikomeye nubuzima bwa serivisi. Muri icyo gihe, icyuma gihujwe neza nibindi bikoresho (bibe igiti, ibuye cyangwa ikirahure), birashobora guhabwa uburyo butandukanye. Icyuma kirashobora gusiga irangi mu gicucu icyo ari cyo cyose, rero ntakibazo cyo guhitamo ibara.

Screw Staine Isaine ikozwe mucyuma mu igorofa rya kabiri

Ibyiza by'ibyuma birimo:

  • uburyo butandukanye n'amabara, amahitamo ahuza;
  • Imbaraga nyinshi, kwizerwa mu kubaka no gushyigikirwa;
  • igishushanyo mbonera cyo gushushanya, ubwoko bwose bwo kwishyiriraho;
  • Ubuzima bunini, ubwumvikane mu gishushanyo cy'imbere;
  • Koresha kugirango urangize ibice byiza;
  • Guhagarara cyane binyuze mu gukoresha infashanyo zikomeye.

Icyuma cyashushanyije ingazi

Sisitemu yintambwe yintebe irashimishije mumazu, irashobora gukoreshwa nkimbere kandi yo hanze, nyamukuru nubufasha.

Ugereranije nicyitegererezo cya Werurwe, sisitemu ya screw ibyuma isa nkaho idafite uburemere, mubyukuri ntabwo yikoreza umwanya.

Ingazi kuzunguruka ku muyaga

Fata Icyuma

Icyitegererezo cyakozwe mucyuma kirimo ingazi zidasanzwe muri etage ya kabiri. Buri gishushanyo numwimerere, kubera ko umusaruro wibicuruzwa wateguwe mbere yo gutera inshinge. Ikintu cyihariye cyibicuruzwa byicyuma nubushobozi bwo gushyira mubikorwa imiterere ifunguye, imirongo myiza.

Nubwo ibikoresho byinshi byibikoresho, igihe cyibikorwa byikoranabuhanga ryumusaruro, ingazi zihagarara zirakenewe, reba isohoka ryimideli yintoki.

SHAKA Icyuma cya Star Stair Igorofa ya kabiri

Ibiranga ibyiza ninyungu zisimba ziva mucyuma:

  • Igishushanyo mbonera cyihariye, imitako igoye;
  • Imbaraga nyinshi kandi zambara kurwanya, kurwanya ruswa;
  • Ubuzima Burebure, Gukomera, kwiringirwa;
  • ubujurire bwiza, intego rusange;
  • Gushyira mu bikorwa ibintu bishimishije - Baluster, inkingi, gariyamoshi.

Moderi yintambwe kuva ibyuma

Igishushanyo mbonera cyicyuma gitandukanijwe murwego rwintambwe kumirongo idasanzwe, igishushanyo mbonera, ubuziranenge butagira ingano. Ku isoko rya kijyambere, kopi yu Burayi (Ubutaliyani) Ishimire cyane. Mu mishinga imwe yo gushushanya, imbere yateguwe byumwihariko munsi yishingwa ryintagondwa za Elite.

Screw staircase iva ibyuma

SHAKA STAirCase nigisubizo cyiza cyinzu iyo ari yo yose yigenga. Bafite imikorere isabwa, kuramba, gukundwa gushushanya. Gukora kuzamuka no kumanuka hamwe neza kandi bifite umutekano, ugomba guhitamo icyitegererezo cyiza kandi ugenzure kwizerwa kubishushanyo mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho.

Guteranya ingazi ya screw ivuye kuri plywood n'amaboko yabo (videwo 1)

Ibisubizo Bishimishije (Amafoto 52)

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Ibiranga ingazi: Ubwoko nibyiza [amahitamo kuri buriryohe na Wallet]

Soma byinshi