Ibiti - Inshuti zacu z'icyatsi. Bareba amababi yabo, tuduhe ogisijeni ikenewe kugirango uhumeke nimbaho zo kubaka.
Kubwamahirwe, igiti icyo aricyo cyose gifite igihe runaka cyubuzima kandi amaherezo cyerekana iterabwoba kubaho. Mubyukuri, ninde uzahishurwa niba umutiba wizita wayiguye kumutwe, ababaza inzu, umurongo wamashanyarazi cyangwa imodoka?
Ukuntu bidasanzwe kandi umuco wakemurwa ikibazo cyo gukuraho ibiti bishaje bikura kumuntu ku giti cye, imibereho cyangwa ituranye?
Nigute mwiza gutema igiti ku kazu kandi serivisi nkiyi imari igura inzobere?
Tuzasuzuma ibi bibazo byose mu ngingo zacu, dushingiye ku mabwiriza asanzwe y'ibidukikije.
Nigute gukurikiza amategeko neza kandi mu mategeko yakata igiti kurubuga bwite?
Ikigaragara ni uko hamwe nibimera kumugambi mubisha kugiti cyawe urashobora gukora ibyo udashobora kwitwa byose. Nta ruhushya rw'abayobozi b'inzego z'ibanze, urashobora guca ibiti by'imbuto gusa n'ibihuru. Byongeye kandi, iyi ngingo ifite agaciro mu makoperative y'inyamaswa zo mu makoperative yo mu makoperative.
Mu mijyi, ibiti bitabariye uburenganzira bibujijwe n'amategeko. Kubwibyo, nibyiza ko "ibice" muriki kibazo. Niba abaturanyi bawe bagaragaje imitekerereze n'imyitwarire no gutangaza kwiyobora, igenzura ry'ibidukikije rishobora kwitwara no gushyira ibihano.
Twibutse kandi ko Kode y'igihugu yemerera kujugunya umutungo w'umutungo kamere (harimo n'urubuga bwite), mu gihe ibikorwa nk'ibi, naho icyangiza ibidukikije, naho icya kabiri, ntibirenga ku burenganzira ndetse n'inyungu z'abandi (paragarafu yemewe y'abandi (paragarafu ya 3 Ingingo ya 209 y'amategeko mbonezamubano ya federasiyo y'Uburusiya).
Kubwibyo, kubibazo niba bishoboka guca igiti ku kibanza cyacyo giherereye mu mujyi hari igisubizo kidahagije: Nyir'ubwite agomba gukoreshwa mubuyobozi bukuru (ubuyobozi cyangwa komine).
Nyuma yibyo, ibintu bibiri byiterambere byamahitamo birashoboka:
- Uruhushya ruzemerwa nyuma yinzobere mu igenzura ry'ibidukikije bizasuzuma igiti cyangwa ibiti ugambiriye gusiba. Ukurikije umwanzuro wayo (igikorwa), bizagena umubare wishyurwa ryingengo yimari yaho (kubitoza bigaruka).
- Uruhushya ntirugomba gukenera niba "amategeko yibirimo no kurengera ibihingwa byatsi" byemejwe nubuyobozi bwaho burimo ikintu cyemerera abafite ibimera biri mumigambi yubutaka bwacyo.
Icyitonderwa binyuze munzira, ibyo ntabwo byemewe abenegihugu babizi ubwenge bakunze kwitiranya igikorwa cyibizamini byigiti bafite uburenganzira bwo kubikuraho. Izi ni inyandiko ebyiri zitandukanye kandi imwe idafite undi ntabwo ifite imbaraga zemewe n'amategeko. Ibidasanzwe muri iri tegeko - Ibiti byihutirwa bizwi nka komisiyo yemewe. Umaze kubona igikorwa gikwiye mumaboko, urashobora gutangira kumeneka, nta ruhushya rwo gusiba.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute wasana igifuniko cyumusarani
Gukata ibiti mugihe cyo kubaka inzu
Niba turimo tuvuga ahantu hubakwa mugihe ibiti biguye murikarere kitumanaho, hanyuma kugirango bakureho, nyir'urubuga ategekwa gutegura inyandiko zikurikira:- Gusaba abayobozi baho nkumukiriya wubwubatsi hamwe no kwerekana amakuru yamakuru yayo;
- Umushinga nuburenganzira bwemewe kubikorwa byubwubatsi;
- igikorwa cyo gutunga ubutaka;
- Umuyobozi mukuru w'urubuga hamwe na gahunda ya dendrologiya (yahujwe na nyir'ubutaka, aho itumanaho izabera);
- Umwanzuro w'abadukikije mu mushinga wo kubaka;
- itangazo ry'ibihingwa by'icyatsi;
- Inyemezabwishyu zemeza kwishyura amafaranga na serivisi;
- Kopi y'amasezerano n'amashyirahamwe azakora amashyamba cyangwa guhindura ibiti ku gace kagenwe;
- igikorwa cyo kwerekana ibimenyetso byakuyeho ibiti cyangwa ibikorwa byo guhindura ibimera bibisi;
- Urubuga rwo Gutezimbere umushinga cyangwa umushinga wo guhinga indishyi.
Ikibazo kizaba cyoroshe niba kiri murwego rwo gutumiza umushinga wo kubaka nyir'igitabo kijyanye n'amafaranga ajyanye nabyo azaha icyegeranyo cy'inyandiko zose ndetse n'inzobere zo guca abahagarariye umuryango w'umushinga. Muri iki gihe, ntagomba kujya mu bihe.
Amakimbirane ahana imbibi mu gihugu
Inkondo nyinshi namakimbirane bivuka mugihe igiti kinini gikura ku kazu gaturamo uturanye, gituje urugo rwawe cyangwa kubera ubusaza kirashobora kubigwamo. Kuzamuka nijoro hamwe no kubona uruzitiro kubantu badasangira muriki kibazo ntibikwiye.
Ibipimo byasobanuwe no gupfunya amagambo ya SP 53.13330.011 bita "gutegura no guteza imbere intera yemewe hagati yinyamanswa (igihugu)". Bisobanura neza ko amashyirahamwe yemewe (igihugu) "ateganya neza intera yemewe hagati y'ibiti, ibihuru n'imbibi z'urubuga:
- Kuva ku biti birebire, bigomba kuba byibura metero 4;
- Ibipimo ugereranije - byibuze metero 2;
- Ku bihuru, imipaka ya metero 1.
Niba intera yagenwe itagaragaye, kandi abaturanyi banze gusohoza icyifuzo cyawe, ugomba kubandikira itangazo mugushiraho ibisabwa mugufi kandi neza. Mu kohereza ukoresheje iposita (ukoresheje ibaruwa yanditseho itanga itangwa), uzakira inyandiko izakenerwa kugirango yemere ikirego mugihe ubitekereza mu rukiko.
Niba igiti cy'abaturanyi kiri hejuru kandi kirabora, hanyuma incuro zishingiye ku bidukikije zujuje ibisabwa nk'ibyihutirwa. Muri uru rubanza, hamenyekanyeho gutangaza ubushinjacyaha. Bizasubiza byihuse kuruta kurenga ku mategeko atwara ubuzima bwiza n'ubuzima bwabantu.
Mubuhanzi bwo mu mujyi, hari amabwiriza yo kurinda imyanya y'icyatsi, bisa n'amategeko agenga igihugu arrays. Urashobora kumenyera hamwe nabo mu ishami ry'ububatsi ryaho cyangwa n'abayobozi b'ibidukikije.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute umwenda uva muri Orza imbere imbere: Reka turebe
Agace k'ubukode
Ikibazo kivuka aho ugomba kuvugana numuntu wakodeshaga umugambi niba bibaye ngombwa gukuraho ibiti bishaje cyangwa byihutirwa bikura kuri yo.Urutonde rwinyandiko zikenewe muri uru rubanza ni izi zikurikira:
- Gusaba kuri nyir'urubuga (Nyirinzu) mubuyobozi bubifitiye ububasha kubatanga uruhushya rwo guca;
- Igikorwa cyo gusuzuma icyatsi kibisi kishushanyijeho umuryango wemewe (ibidukikije);
- Urutonde rwibiti byateganijwe gutema, bifatirwa numukono na kashe ya nyir'ubutaka;
- Gahunda y'urubuga (kwerekana ibihingwa byabitswe), byemejwe na nyirayo ku mugaragaro;
- imbaraga za avoka kurubuga rwurubuga kugirango uburenganzira bwo kubona uruhushya rwo kugabanya;
- Amasezerano na rwiyemezamirimo azakuraho ibimera.
Niba amasezerano y'ubukode afite ikintu cyemerera umukode cyo gukemura ibiti mu bushake bwacyo, hanyuma hamenyekane ko havugwa gukemura amakimbirane ashobora kwandika mu izina rye. Aho guha imbaraga z'abavoka muri uru rubanza, kopi ya Noteri ya Noteri ya Noteri izakenerwa.
Ibihano n'Ibihano byo kwinjira mu buryo butemewe
Abatekereza cyane uburyo bugoye bwo gukusanya ibyangombwa kandi bahitamo gukora kubera ibyago byabo, bizaba ingirakamaro yo kumenyera ibihano. Bateganijwe mu ngingo ya 260 y'amategeko ahana uburusiya.
"Urutonde rwibiciro" rwibihano byamafaranga birakomeye. Igihano cy'igiti cyavuzwe, nkuko bigaragara mubiteganywa nubuhanzi. 260, birenze amashyamba no kwangiza imirima yo mu mashyamba gusa, ariko nanone ibyangiritse biterwa n'ibimera by'igihe kirekire, giherereye hanze y'akarere k'akarere k'amashyamba (mu mijyi).
Ibiti byumye kandi byaguye mwishyamba
Nibyiza, hano nta kwivanga ushobora kuzamurwa hamwe na ax - umuturage woroheje atekereza. An, oya! Gukoresha ibiti bitarindindiye (nubwo byumye kandi byaguye) birabujijwe n'amategeko. Kubwo kurenga kwe, penaliti no kwamburwa imbunda ya billet (umunyururu na axs) birabangamiwe.Kubwubuhoro bubana namashyamba, ugomba kubandika imvugo ishingiyeho amasezerano azasozwa. Gusimburana kwakozwe nyuma yo kuva ahagarariye agatsiko k'amashyamba kurubuga, aho gusarura ibiti. Nyuma yo kumenya ibiti byaciwe, barangwa, igishushanyo cyikarita yikoranabuhanga yakarere kirashobora gutunganywa. Kuba yarangije, ugomba guhamagara amashyamba. Igereranya ingano yumuriro usaruwe namasezerano yerekanwe mumasezerano, reba ireme ryo gusukura akarere no gutanga uruhushya rwo kohereza hanze.
Wice cyangwa uhamagare inzobere?
Rero, uruhushya rwo guca mu buryo bwemewe kandi neza. Hariho ikibazo cyuburyo uyu murimo? Fata ubwawe cyangwa utumire inzobere? Gutangira, tugereranya uruhande rwikibazo cyikibazo.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute wamanika itapi kurukuta: uburyo bwo gufunga
Igiciro cyagereranijwe cyo gukata biterwa nibisabwa nuburebure bwigiti. Niba bizwi nkibyihutirwa, noneho urashobora kuyijugunya gusa. Igiciro cyimirimo nkiyi ni amafaranga 500 kuri barriel.
Niba igiti kirimo kubora, ariko hejuru, noneho uburyo bwo gukuraho bwakoreshejwe. Guhagarika imitwe hamwe na tigs ibitonyanga bya mold cyangwa bimanuka hasi ukoresheje ibikoresho bidasanzwe. Muri uru rubanza, ikiguzi cya serivisi gitangira ku kimenyetso cya Gebée 1500 kuri 1 Igice cya 1.
Hafi yikiguzi kimwe nuburyo bwo gusiganya (uburyo bwo guhonyora). Igiciro ntarengwa cya Korchevka kugereranije kuva ku mafaranga 10,000.
Ibiciro byamafaranga ni ngombwa, ariko ntabwo aribwo buryo bwonyine bugushimirwa no guhitamo ibiti byigenga. Niba uzi gukoresha umunyururu, kandi igiti kiri hafi yinzu ntabwo kinini, ntabwo cyumvikana gukurura inzobere. Bihagije gufata umufatanyabikorwa mwiza, buhoro buhoro kandi witonze kora aka kazi.
Reka tuvuge gusa ko bimura igiti muburyo bwiza niba ari hejuru kandi ko ari umutware w'inararibonye gusa. Kubwibi, bizirikana ibintu byinshi: Hagati ya Gravity, ahantu hahanamye, ingano nicyerekezo cyo gukura kw'amashami ya skeleti, imbaraga nicyerekezo cyumuyaga, hamwe nubunini bwamagufwa ya ingunguru kuva ku gihuru hamwe n'umuzango.
Udafite uburambe nk'ubwo, uzashobora gukora gusa niba hari urubuga rwubusa ruzengurutse igiti gifite uburebure bwarwo bwongeyeho metero 4-5 zububiko (kubwo kugena uburebure bwa umutiba, usubire mu gishyitsi).
Umuzingo wibiti ukorwa kubijyanye no kwakira:
- Umugambi w'akazi urimo gukurwaho ibintu by'amahanga, bishobora gutsitara no kugwa;
- Icyerekezo gishobora kugwa mumurongo kigenwa (ukurikije impengamiro yayo, uzirikana icyerekezo n'imbaraga z'umuyaga);
- Ikimenyetso cyo hejuru cyakozwe (ubujyakuzimu bwacyo kigomba kuba kingana na ¼ ya diameter ya barrale, inguni yimfura ni dogere 45);
- Kwiyandikisha kwa kabiri bikorwa uhereye hepfo kugirango bihuze hejuru;
- Kuva kuruhande rwigice, plaller propyl yakozwe (igomba kujya kuri cm 5-7 hejuru hepfo yagabanutse kandi bisa);
- Ntigukomeza gusarurwa (ubugari bwacyo byibuze cm 3 cyangwa hafi 10% ya diameter ya barrale);
- Birakenewe gukora buhoro, ku bicuruzwa ntarengwa byumunyururu, ukomeza gukurikira urujya n'uruza.
Yabonye igiti cyikiti kinini mu bice mu kuzamuka stepladder cyangwa kuri barriel, ntabwo dutanga inama. Hamwe nayi mirimo, hafite starriber yinganda, ifite ubuhanga bwiza kandi budasanzwe bushobora guhangana neza. Uburyo bwa kabiri bwemewe nugutumiza auto auto, uhereye kurubuga iyi mirimo ishobora gukorwa vuba kandi nta gikomere.