Kubaka amazu kuri plules, mu rubanza rwacu ni shyashya, nubwo muri Amerika ryakoreshejwe bwa mbere mu 1850 mu gihe cyo kubaka itara. Abantu benshi bashidikanya kuri iryo koranabuhanga, ariko ndashobora kuvuga mu kwiregura ko itara rikiriho.
Urufatiro kuri Prew
Fondasiyo ku birundo
Ni ubuhe bwoko bwakubiswe, kandi ni ukubera iki ibyamamare byabo bihingwa buri mwaka? Inyungu nyinshi kandi imwe mu nzego irashobora kwitwa umuvuduko wo kwishyiriraho. Bitandukanye na fondasiyo nyayo, ikirundo ntigisaba umwanya wo gukama no kugabanuka.
Shyira ikirundo ni umuyoboro ufite umugozi ku mpera imwe n'ingofero iringaniye kurundi. Ukurikije ubwinshi bwubutaka nibiranga imiterere, ibirundo birashobora kugera kuri metero 2.5 z'uburebure. Kandi urukuta rwuzuye kuva mm 5 kugeza kuri mm 15. Hanze, bitwikiriye ubutaka bwihariye bwabwato, burekura ibyuma bya ruswa.
Kubaka urufatiro kuri pifi
Uyu munsi, abakora bamwe bagereranya icyitegererezo cyihariye cya screw ibirundo, kugira impinduka nkeya zo hanze, ariko mubyukuri, hari amahitamo atatu gusa:
- Ibirundo hamwe no kubaza kurangiza
- Ibirundo hamwe no kubaza "umubiri"
- Ibirundo bifite blade kumpera
Birumvikana ko hari itandukaniro rikomeye mubiciro, kandi niba inzira ebyiri zambere zitandukanye gusa muburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho, hanyuma ikirundo cy'ibuye rishobora gufunga ubutaka hirya no hino. Ibi ni ukuri cyane ahantu hamwe nubutaka budahungabana no gusubirwamo gukomeye.
Guhangana na Fondasiyo
Incamake, munsi ya byose byavuzwe haruguru, andika inyungu nyinshi zo guhatanira zo kubaka inzu kuri piri fondasiyo:
- Kwiyongera
- Ubushobozi bwo gukoresha ibirundo byubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose usibye Urutare
- Ikiguzi hafi inshuro ebyiri kurenza iyo ya tape beto yuzuza
- Kwishyiriraho birashobora gukorwa mu gihe cy'itumba
- Ubushobozi bwo kubaka inzu kurubuga hamwe nuburyo bugoye
- Ntibikenewe gutinya ingendo zubutaka, nubwo kubaka ni ukubona hafi yikigega
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute ushobora gukora uburiri ubikora wenyine mubiti: Imikorere yicyiciro
Ariko, nubwo ibyiza bigaragara, urufatiro kuri ibirundo byakurugira ingorane zikomeye, ni ukuvuga icyo gufunga inzu yinzu. Hariho amahitamo menshi, no guhitamo bikwiye, birakenewe kuguma muburyo burambuye kuri buri.
Amahitamo yo kurangiza shingiro
Ntabwo bitewe nuburyo amahitamo yo kurangiza shingiro azatorwa cyane cyane, birakenewe kwita ku cyambu gishyigikira. Murugo ku rufatiro rwa piri, munsi yikirere cyindege, kandi igomba gufungwa.
Nibyiza gukusanya umwirondoro uva kumuyoboro wihariye, kurugero, 40/20 mm - Ibi ntabwo byoroshye cyane kugirango ushyireho kurangiza urufatiro, ariko nanone bitera inyongera iri hagati ya pifi.
Icy'ingenzi: Niba igiti cyatoranijwe kubera gutontoma, bigomba gukorwa neza na adamenye nibice byinshi byubutaka.
Ukurikije uburebure bwa shingiro, umubare wubuyobozi Dores ubarwa. Hagomba kubaho ibintu bitatu bike, ariko niba uburebure burenze metero, noneho intera ntigomba kurenga cm 35-40. Hagati y'Ayobora.
Iyo Umwagazi w'intama yiteguye, urashobora kwimukira guhitamo ibikoresho byo kurangiza.
Obsek Tskole
Ubutaka
Nta gushidikanya, kugerekanwa birashobora gufatwa nkinzira ikunzwe cyane yo kurangiza ibirindiro yinzu kuri piri fondasiyo. Hano mubyukuri ntabibi byibi bikoresho, ariko ibyiza bya misa.
Nzatondekanya gusa ibyingenzi:
- Igiciro gito. Kwirikana ibice byose, ikiguzi cyanyuma ntikizagiha hejuru
- Kwishyiriraho kwishyiriraho. Funga inzu yinzu ku kirundo birashobora kuba wenyine, utiriwe witabira serivisi zinzobere
- Kurwanya kwambara. Plastike yuzuye aho ikozwe ntabwo ikorwa ku kubora, kandi ntizakora imyaka imwe icumi
- Gutoranya ibintu byinshi. Kugoreka ibikoresho bisanzwe, kandi birashobora guhitamo muribiranga ahantu nyaburanga
- Korohewe. Kugota, urashobora gukaraba neza no gukoresha ibishoboka byose.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute wakora ameza yigihugu
Ubutaka
Guhangana n'amatafari
Bumwe mu buryo buhenze cyane bwo gufunga inzu y'inzu kuri pirisi. Kugirango ukore amatafari, ugomba kugira ubumenyi runaka, nibyiza rero gukemura serivisi zinzobere.
Icy'ingenzi: Kugirango ugire ububinzi bwizewe, birakenewe "kubihambira" mukirundo. Ibi birashobora gukorwa hamwe nibikondo bito byubatswe, bisudikurwa kubyago hanyuma bikurikiranye mubucamanza.
Ibyiza byububiko bwamatafari:
- Amatafari akomeje gushyuha kandi ntazatura munzu ndetse no mububiko bukabije
- Guhangana n'amatafari ntibisaba imitako yinyongera no gusana mumyaka mike.
- Ibishyiriritse bitera inkunga yinyongera murugo kandi yongerera igishushanyo mbonera.
- Ibikoresho bike birashobora guhatanira amatafari yo kuramba
Ariko, nubwo ibyiza bigaragara byose, haribintu byinshi bidashobora gusigara nta kwitabwaho:
- Igiciro cyibikoresho nakazi, kora amatafari aho uhenze cyane
- Kubaka Masonry bisaba igihe kinini
- Isura itandukanye igarukira muguhitamo ibara ryamatafari.
Guhangana n'amatafari
Umwarimu
Ibikoresho bizwi byabanje kuremwa nkibisenge, ariko uyumunsi ikoreshwa hafi aho hose. Birashoboka gufunga umuseriba ya chascol mumasaha make gusa, kandi uzakenera gusa ku ibyuma na screwdriver.
Ibyiza bya etage yumwuga:
- Guhitamo cyane Gamut
- Igorofa y'umwuga niworoye cyane kandi ntabwo izakora umutwaro wongeyeho ku rufatiro rwa piri
- Igiciro gito
- Ntibisaba gutunganya izindi
Kubwamahirwe, igorofa yumwuga ifite uduce twinshi twinshi bituma bidashimishije ugereranije nibindi bikoresho:
- Umwuga umwuga utinya ibishushanyo. Guhimba kwa polymer biroroshye, kandi ruswa itangirira aha hantu.
- Isura igarukira kuburyo bumwe gusa, nubwo hashobora kubaho amabara atandukanye
- Ahantu ho guhuza nubutaka, igorofa yumwuga itangira kubora
- Mu myaka itari mike, irangi ryaka kandi ritakaza gloss
Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute wakwimura igitambaro gishyushye
Kurangiza ishingiro rya etage yumwuga
Slate
Kurangiza urufatiro kuri plapre hamwe na plate iringaniye, uyumunsi itakaza ibyamamare byayo. Plate - ibintu bidasanzwe, bikaba bizwi nkubuzima bwabantu, kubera ibikubiye muri asibesitosi mubigize.
Plarus ubu buryo ntibuhagije, ariko kubwubutabera bagomba kuvugwa:
- Urashobora gukora uburyo bwo kurangiza, hamwe nibikoresho runaka
- Slate ntabwo igabora no kutumva ibidukikije
- Ubuzima bwa serivisi yibi bikoresho ntabwo bugarukira
Nibyo, ibidukikije binini cyane, hanyuma utondeke gusa nyamukuru:
- Nubwo ubucucike, slate nibikoresho bitoroshye, bidahwitse bidahwitse mugukata cyangwa gucukura bizavamo kurimbuka kwayo
- Isura idahwitse
- Igiciro cya slate iringaniye, byinshi, hejuru yikiguzi cya etage ya etage cyangwa plastiki
- Slate biragoye cyane gukosora ikirundo
Slate
Umwanzuro
Nkuko bigaragara, amahitamo yo kurangiza fondasiyo kurikubirira cyane, kandi benshi muribo barashobora guterwa mu bwigenge. Ikintu nyamukuru, kugirango wumve icyo ibisabwa bigomba kuba ibikoresho byo kurangiza. Birakenewe kwegera guhitamo hamwe ninshingano zuzuye kandi ntugayobore mubitekerezo byo kuzigama.