Kugirango iyi cyangwa umwanya winyubako ufite ubushyuhe igerwaho mugushiraho ibikoresho bikwiye. Ukurikije ubwoko bwinyubako, birashobora kuba ibikoresho nubushyuhe butandukanye. Kurugero, munzu yigenga, inkeri ntoya cyangwa ebyiri-zikoreshwa cyane zikoreshwa cyane, zishobora kuba hanze cyangwa urukuta. Mu mazu ya buri muntu, kugeza uyu munsi hari inzego zishyushya nk'itanura ryaka ibiti cyangwa itanura rya Bourgear. Birumvikana ko ibi bibaho gake cyane, ahubwo biracyariho ubushyuhe, mumyaka magana yemereye abantu gutanga ubushyuhe mumazu, none kurwego rwibikorwa bikora imirimo itaziguye. Naho ibigo byatanga umusaruro, ibyo bita "imbunda zo mu kirere" zakiriwe cyane, ibyo bikaba bihutira kwishyurwa ku bushyuhe runaka, kandi mu gihe gishyushye bashoboye gukora icyuma gikonjesha n'imikorere ya fan (bihagije guhagarika ikintu cyo gushyushya).
Gushyushya hanze boiating byashyizwe mucyumba gitandukanye.
Usibye ibyo bikoresho, mu bigo binini byo kurema no gukora ibicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe cyangwa ibiciro bikoresha gushyushya. Birababaje mubyukuri ko ihuriro ryakozwe mubikorwa byumusaruro ntabwo ryoherejwe mu kirere binyuze mu muyoboro wasohotse, ariko kiyobowe ku muyoboro wasohotse, ariko kiyobowe n'imiyoboro iherereye ku nyubako. Ubu buryo bwemerera kuzigama amafaranga yamashanyarazi cyangwa kuri gaze nkuru. Mubindi bintu, ninzira nziza yo kugabanya ubunini bwingaruka mbi zikorwa cyabantu kubidukikije. Birumvikana, ugereranije nibikoresho byo gushyushya ibisekuruza byanyuma, tekinike ubu ni intambwe nke imbere, ariko igihombo kinini gisigaye kurubuga rukomeye. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa gukora kurwara kuri gahunda gutakaza ubushyuhe bwinyubako, ariko nanone gufata kugerageza kugirango ibyo bipimo bigabanuka.
Nigute kubara ibihombo byubushyuhe?
Inzira yo gutakaza ubushyuhe murugo.
Tutitaye ku nyubako cyangwa icyumba, igihombo cy'ubushyuhe gikozwe, ahanini bifitanye isano ahagaragara ko umwuka ushyushye uva mucyumba unyuze mu nzego zitandukanye. Muri byo harimo inkuta, agaruka, amagorofa, Windows, imiryango nibindi byinshi. Byongeye kandi, bigomba kandi kwitwa ikintu nkicyo gikenewe gushyushya umwuka ubyinjira mucyumba unyuze mubyuho byose hamwe nibice byinshi byongeye hagati yinzego zifunze. Rero, kugirango wirinde kubura ubushyuhe, birakenewe kugirango kubara hanyuma ugerageze kwerekana ibyiciro byingenzi byakazi kugirango utsinde iki kibazo.
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Uburyo bwo kubara gutakaza ubushyuhe bwibanze nuburyo bwo kwicwa
Gahunda yo kwinjiza imiryango.
Igihombo cyose hamwe nibyumba byubwoko butandukanye bigizwe nigihombo cyubushyuhe, nkinkike, amadirishya, guhuzagurika cyangwa amagorofa, no hasi yakoresheje ubushyuhe kumiterere yo gushyushya umwuka, kugwa imbere Inyubako inyuze mu nzego zirinzwe zikingiwe zihari mu gishushanyo cy'ibi kibanza gisuzumwa. Rimwe na rimwe mu nyubako zimwe na zimwe zinganda hari ubundi buryo bwo kubura ubushyuhe, imiterere yayo ishobora kuba ifitanye isano gusa nibikorwa bifatika byimishinga nibikorwa bitaziguye byuyu muryango.
Ibyo ari byo byose, kugumana igihombo cyo gutanga ubushyuhe kugira ngo umusaruro wose wo mu bwoko bwo gufunga ubwoko bw'ubwoko buhanitse.
Muri icyo gihe, ntabwo ari ngombwa kuzirikana kubura ubushyuhe, bikakorwa binyuze muburyo bwimbere, niba itandukaniro riri hagati yubushyuhe bwabo hamwe nubushyuhe mubyumba bituranye ntibirenga kuri dodesi.
Nigute Kubara Gutakaza Ubushyuhe bwinyubako binyuze mumiterere ikubiyemo?
Formulaire yo kubara igihombo cyubushyuhe.
Kubera iyo ntego, hariho formula ikurikira: qogra = f (tnb) (1 + σ β) n / ro
Aho TNB ari ubushyuhe bwikirere hanze, bupimye kuri dogeresi;
Twn - ubushyuhe imbere mucyumba, igipimo cyo gupima nacyo ni selisiyo;
Byongeye, agace k'inzego zose zikingira zafashwe muri metero kare;
n ninganiza byita kumwanya wuruzitiro cyangwa kurinda imbere mu nyubako, ni ukuvuga umwanya wo hanze wibintu ugereranije numwuka wo hanze;
Ku munsi wa β, ongeraho igihombo cyubushyuhe, ubaze mumigabane runaka uhereye kubura ubushyuhe;
Ro ni ukurwanya inzira yo kohereza ubushyuhe yapimwe kubijyanye nibicuruzwa bya SQ. Metero kuri dogere celsius kugeza W.
Kurwanya mubisanzwe na formula ro = 1 / αb + σ (Δі / δí / δí / δí) + 1 / αn + RV.p. Hano, ubushyuhe bworoshye bwo hejuru hejuru yuruzitiro rusanzwe rwafashwe, igipimo cyiki gipimo cyiki gice gifatwa - igipimo cya TT kumusaruro wa metero ya selisiyusi;
λí nubuhe buryo bwo kubara mu buryo bwuzuye bwo guhuza ibikoresho kimwe cyashushanyije;
Δi - ubwinshi bwibintu bimwe;
αn - Kode yubushyuhe bwubushyuhe bwuruzitiro;
RV.n nigihangange cyijimye imbere mu kirere cyafunzwe;
Coefficient αn na αv mubihe bimwe na bimwe byanze agaciro, kimwe n'agaciro ka λdiyoko, bigaragazwa mubitabo byihariye bifatika;
ΔMі - Agaciro gashyirwaho uko byagenda kose, dukurikije uwo murimo, kandi birashoboka kugena dukurikije ibishushanyo byibishushanyo byibishushanyo;
Ubushyuhe bworoshye Coefficients αv kumaso yimbere yinkuta, amagorofa nigisenge ni 8.7 Sq. M ºс / W. Ubushyuhe bwo kwimura ubushyuhe bwinkuta zo hanze hamwe nibisohoka byerekanwe na αn ikimenyetso, hejuru yikimenyetso, kingana na giti, kigabanuka kiboneka mukubaka kabiri , kimwe na kimwe cya 12 sq. M × ºс / W.
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Ibihombo byumuriro ukoresheje Windows nimiryango
Ntibikunze kwifashisha ikoranabuhanga ryubushyuhe binyuze mumiryango cyangwa Windows, niyo mpamvu byoroshye gukoresha amakuru yatanzwe mubikoresho byerekanwe. Ku bwabo, banyuze mu muryango, amadirishya n'inkuta byibanze ku mpande zo mu majyaruguru, igihombo cy'ubushyuhe kigaragara muri 0.1 β. Niba Windows, inkuta nimiryango Reba iburengerazuba cyangwa mu majyepfo yuburasirazuba, noneho igihombo kinini cyagabanutse kandi kingana na 0.05 βKubara amafaranga akoreshwa mu gushyushya hanze
Igihombo cy'inyongera.
Hano haribimwe byemewe muri uru rubanza. Hifashishijwe ibya mbere, gukoresha ingufu za Qі bushobora kwiyemeza, hasigara umwuka winjiye mu hanze unyuze mu gukuramo umwuka. Kubara kwa kabiri bifasha kumenya ibikoreshwa mu mbaraga zubushyuhe bwo gushyuha umwuka uva hanze, winjira imbere mucyumba unyuze ku ruzitiro rwashizweho.
Hitamo qі ukurikije formula 0.28 l ρn c (tnb) (1),
aho l, m3 kumasaha 1, niwo kunywa umwuka ugaragara;
C ni umubare wihariye windege zubushyuhe, wapimwe muri KJ;
ρn ni ubucucike bwumwuka wo hanze, kg / m3.
Kubara gutakaza umutwe winzu yigenga
Akenshi bibaho kugirango, na mbere yuko ushyiraho inzu nshya, haracyariho guhindura ibintu bito n'amaboko yawe cyangwa ibinyuranye, ugomba gushaka ubufasha bw'umwuga kugirango ukore ibyo wasize . Kandi mubambere, kandi murubanza rwa kabiri, ikibazo kigomba gukemurwa vuba bishoboka, ariko itandukaniro ni uko, mbere yuko utangira gushyira mubikorwa mubikorwa bimwe bikomeye, ni ngombwa kenshi gukora ibikorwa byimyiteguro. Kurugero rero, niba utarahera, uzabanza kubara igihombo cyubushyuhe hanyuma ukagena sisitemu yo gushyushya izakwira mu rubanza rwawe.Kugirango ukore ibyateganijwe, birakenewe kumenya icyo ari munzu yigenga ishobora gushyuha. Igisubizo cya mbere cyane kiza mubitekerezo birahujwe, birumvikana ko hamwe numuryango. Byabakomeje, kuko aribwo buryo butagaragara gusa kumupaka wumuhanda no murugo, ariko nanone ari muburyo bufunguye kenshi. Niba kandi mu mpeshyi cyangwa mu mpeshyi, iyi ngingo ibaye gusa impamvu yo kwinjira gusa, isazi hamwe nizindi nzeko (rimwe na rimwe nini, mu gihe cy'itumba ndetse no mu ntangiriro z'ibikorwa birakomeye: Mucyumba gito icyumba kimwe kiva, kandi niba utekereza ko inzu itaza gusa, ariko kandi irasohoka, noneho, byibuze rimwe kumunsi umuryango ufunguye iminota 2-3. Niba kandi mu nzu byihuse gukonjesha ubushyuhe bw'imbere bw'icyumba bibuza umuryango, ariko nta burinda burinda mu nzu yigenga.
Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: Plint ya Pict Gushyushya Pipes: Gushyira inama
Rero, barasebye urugi, hano ntacyo twazi, ariko nemeje gusa ibihe byiza byo gukeka no gukeka. Ibikurikira, dushyikiriza urutonde rwibice byibihombo byibasiye ubushyuhe:
- inkuta;
- idirishya;
- igisenge;
- gutwikira cyangwa igisenge;
- Pawulo ku ikurikizwa rya mbere cyangwa mu nzu yo munsi;
- Sisitemu yo guhumeka.
Teplolotieri no kubara kurugero rwinyubako y'amagorofa abiri
Kugereranya amafaranga yo gushyushya inyubako zimiterere itandukanye.
Fata rero urugero inzu nto ifite amagorofa abiri, ashyushye muruziga. Ubushyuhe bwo kwimura ubushyuhe kurukuta (R) bizaba ku kigereranyo kingana na bitatu. Bizirikana ko urukuta nyamukuru rumaze kwinjizamo ubushyuhe buturuka kuri polyplex cyangwa ifuro, hamwe na cm 10. Kuri etage, iki cyerekezo kizaba munsi gato ya 2,5, kubera ko nta ari ukutabare mubihe byarangiye. Naho igisenge cyinzura, hano coefficence yo kurwanya 4.5-5 bitewe nuko atike akingiwe urusimbi rwikirahure cyangwa ubwoya bwa mine.
Mubyongeyeho, ugena uburyo ibyo bintu cyangwa ibindi bintu byimbere bishoboye kunanira inzira karemano yo kurenga no gukonjesha umwuka ushyushye, bizaba ngombwa kugirango umenye uko bibaho. Ahari amahitamo menshi: guhumeka, imirasire cyangwa convection. Usibye kuri bo, hariho ubundi buryo bushoboka, ariko ntabwo ari ab'ibibanza byigenga. Muri icyo gihe, gukora ibitaza byo kubura ubushyuhe mu nzu, ntibizaba ngombwa kuzirikana ko rimwe na rimwe ubushyuhe imbere mucyumba birashobora kwiyongera ku kuba intambaro zishyuha mu idirishya kuri dogere nyinshi. Ntabwo ari ngombwa kugendana muriki gikorwa kandi niho inzu iri murwego rwihariye rujyanye nababuranyi b'isi.
Kugirango tumenye uburyo bukabije bukabije, birahagije kubara ibipimo mubice bituwe cyane. Kubara neza bikubiyemo ibi bikurikira. Ubwa mbere ukeneye kubara ubuso bwose bwinkuta zose mucyumba, noneho uhereye kuri aya mafaranga ugomba gukuramo ubuso bwamadirishya yose aherereye muri iki cyumba kandi, ahabwa agace k'inzukuno n'uburinganire, Kubara igihombo cy'ubushyuhe. Birashoboka kubishyira mubikorwa ibi hamwe nubufasha bwa formula:
DQ = s * (t imbere - t hanze) / r
Urugero rero, niba inkuta zinkuta zingana na metero kare 200. Metero, ubushyuhe bwo mu nzu - 25º) no kumuhanda - ukuyemo 20ºс, noneho inkuta zizabura hafi 3 za kilowatt kuri buri saha. Gutakaza ubushyuhe bwibindi bice byose nabyo birabarwa. Nyuma yibyo, barakomeza kuvuga muri make kandi uzasanga icyumba gifite idirishya 1 kizatakaza ubushyuhe 14 kilowatt ku isaha. Rero, iki gikorwa gifatwa mbere yo gushiraho sisitemu yo gushyushya ukurikije formula idasanzwe.