Sisitemu ya Rafter ifite ubwoko bubiri: kumanikwa no gukundana. Uhitamo ifishi ukurikije ibishushanyo mbonera byimiterere yubaka. Benshi bazi ko abantu batondekanya ibisenge byamazu yigenga aricyo kintu nyamukuru cyimiterere. Kugira ngo wubake igisenge n'amaboko yawe uzakenera ubumenyi nubuhanga, kuko nikintu kigoye rwose. Gahunda yinzego no gushiraho igisenge ni mubice byinshi. Ariko, niba utari inzobere, ntugomba gufata inshingano zo gushushanya igisenge, nkuko ushobora kwemerera byoroshye ikosa. Nkingingo, abashushanya bakora ibi.
Guhuza Diagram Rafters.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'inzu?
Ibisenge bifite imiterere iyo ari yo yose kugira ngo birinde imbere mucyumba no mu gihe kiva mu ngaruka mbi y'ibidukikije, harimo n'imvura yo mu kirere. Igisenge kigizwe ahahanamye gifite impande zitandukanye zimpengamiro. Inguni ifatwa hashingiwe ku bihangano by'akarere kandi, kubwibyo, ibitekerezo byubatswe. Ishingiro ryinzu yose - Rafters, ibyago byo gusakara. Ariko, ibuka ko sisitemu ya Rafter yakozwe gusa murugo, akazu, ubwogero cyangwa izindi nyubako zose. Mu bigo bitanga umusaruro, igishushanyo cyo hejuru kiratandukanye rwose, ntabwo rero gikwiye gukoresha amoko imwe muburyo bwo kubaka.
Ubwoko bw'ingenzi bwa sisitemu ya Rafter.
Igikorwa cyo kwishyiriraho no kwishyiriraho sisitemu isa nayo ikorwa numufasha wo koroshya no kwihutisha inzira. Ntiwibagirwe guhuza skate - kuri buri gisenge kigenewe ubwoko bw'imbavu zayo (byakozwe mugihe cyo guhuza). Ihuriro ni ubwoko bubiri: butambitse kandi bukunda. Mu rubanza rwa mbere, iyi niyo ngingo yo hejuru yinzu, mu isegonda - uburuhukiro yimbere (iherezo, guhagarikwa). Mugutegura, igisenge gishobora kuba kimwe, duplex, bine-bingana na giti.
- Byoroshye ni igishushanyo kimwe. Ni imiterere ishingiye ku nkike zibyara.
- Ibisenge bya DUSCAL bivuga ku miterere igoye, ariko, biroroshye gushiraho. Skates, nkitegeko, shingira ku mpande zinyuranye zurukuta, bisa nkaho ari inyabutatu. Bitwa igorofa.
- Ubwoko bwa gatatu bwubwubatsi ni ikibuno (bine-binini), byerekana skate ebyiri, ariko aho kuba inkoni yimbere yahagaritswe na mpandeshatu, homm.
- Naho ibisenge byititi, hano igishushanyo nkicyo gisa na baplex igisenge. Mu buryo butandukanye, bitwa ibisenge byavunitse. Sisitemu nkiyi irimo ibice byinshi hamwe nibintu bitandukanye byimfumvy.
Ingingo ku ngingo: imbere muri Veranda mu nzu yigenga no mu gihugu (58)
Sisitemu ya Rafter niyihe?
Igikoresho cyibibanza.
Sisitemu yo koroshya, amaboko yabo yakozwe, agizwe n'imiterere yinzu, ifite ibipimo bitandukanye nibiranga kwishyiriraho. Iyi sisitemu niyihe? Ishingiro ryinzu yose ni amaguru yoroshye. Bagize inkoni. Byongeye kandi, inkunga ihagaritse irakenewe muriyi sisitemu hamwe hamwe na racks. Ibi bintu bizageza igice icyo aricyo cyose cyumutwaro ku nkingi cyangwa inkuta zishyigikira.
Uzakenera ibisobanuro byinshi nkikigo nibyingenzi. Bakora kandi gushyigikira no gushimangira igishushanyo mbonera. Inzitizi muri sisitemu ya Rafter ikoreshwa gusa kugirango ugabanye imbaraga mugihe cyo kumwanya. Igice nkiki gikora guhuza amaguru yometseho. Kubijyanye nimiterere, uburyo bwatoranijwe cyane ni mpandeshatu, nkuko itandukanijwe no kuramba no kwizerwa.
Igikorwa cyo kwitegura kubikoresho bya sisitemu ya rafter
Gushiraho sisitemu ya rafter yinzu yimpapuro enye.
Umusaruro no kwishyiriraho sisitemu ya Rafter itangirana n'amaboko yawe mumibare ikenewe hamwe nakazi ko kwitegura. Gukora, uzakenera ibikoresho byihariye nibikoresho, kimwe nibikoresho byubaka. Abahanga barasaba mbere yo gutekereza kuri gahunda yinzira yo gukora ibintu. Kugirango ubare neza igenamiterere ryamaguru yimyenda, urashobora kwerekeza ku mwubatsi. Niba ushaka kwishyiriraho wenyine, ugomba guhitamo ingano yubuziranenge cyangwa kubara, ukurikije ubumenyi bwawe. Ni iki kigomba gusuzumwa mugihe cyo kubara ibipimo bya cheadted?
- Ubwoko bwo hejuru.
- Reba itwifuno.
- Skate.
- Imitwaro yikirere (igishushanyo igomba kubatandukanya).
Ni ibihe bintu byo guhitamo gukora ku bucuruzi? Kenshi na kenshi kuri uru rubanza, inkwi zororoka amareko zatoranijwe. Abahanga bahitamo inkwi, nkuko bigoye byoroshye gutunganya kandi bifite igiciro cyiza. Ariko, umuntu ntagomba kwibagirwa ko ibintu nkibi bikeneye kwitabwaho byitondewe nibiyobyabwenge bishaje kubutaka no kubora. Igisubizo cyiza cyo gukora cya Rafter - Ikibaho cyibiti hamwe na parameter 10x5 cyangwa 15x5. Ni ukuvuga, ingano yambere ni ubugari bw'akabari, naho icya kabiri ni ubunini bwacyo.
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Kuki inkwi zibera ibyuma? Nk'itegeko, rafter y'ibiti biroroshye kwinjizamo kandi ireme ryibintu nkibi bya sisitemu bizaba byiza. Imbaraga ni kimwe mu bisabwa mu kubaka ibisenge, kandi ibi bikoresho bitandukanijwe n'imbaraga no kwizerwa kw'imiterere. Byongeye kandi, gahunda yinzu hamwe n'amaboko yabo ashingiye ku ibyuma bizaguha ibibazo byinshi. Kwishyiriraho ntabwo byoroshye, hariho noines nyinshi, kandi hamwe no kwishyiriraho ibitagenda neza bigomba kugarura.
Ugomba kandi kugura ikarito nziza yo kurwanya ruswa kugirango urinde igisenge.
Iyo ukoze imvura, ntukibagirwe ko ibipimo byabo biterwa no gutwikira igisenge, uburebure bwa rafter kandi, kubwibyo, inkoni yo guhuza kwabo.
Ibikoresho byo kuzamura sisitemu ya rafter
Gushiraho imitwe ya sisitemu ya rafter.
Kugirango utangire, ugomba kwitwaje igikoresho gikenewe. Kugirango ukore igisenge uzakenera:
- inyundo (ubwoko butandukanye);
- ufite imisumari;
- Ikimenyetso cyo gushyira mu bikorwa ibimenyetso, ikaramu;
- ishoka;
- Kerner;
- Hacsaw;
- roulette;
- imyitozo.
Uracyaza mububiko bwiza (gushiraho), Bulugariya nurwego. Noneho ko waguze ibikoresho byose no kubaka ibikoresho, urashobora gutangira akazi. Icyiciro cya mbere cyo kuzamura sisitemu ya rafter nugutegura hejuru yurukuta no guhumurizwa. Ibikoresho bishingiye ku rukuta rwakozwe, ntabwo buri gihe itandukanye hejuru. Ibyo ari byo byose, hari itandukaniro, kabone niyo waba utabizi. Mugihe kimwe, ingano yuburyo bunyuranye hamwe na buri hafi, kandi ntabwo ikwiriye kubaka sisitemu ya rafter. Kugirango umenye neza ibipimo nyabyo, ugomba gukoresha urwego cyangwa amazi. Rero, uzemeza ko inkuta ziri hejuru ya cm nkeya, kandi inguni ziri kure ya 90 °. Kubwibyo, mbere yo gushiraho igisenge, ugomba gukora ibipimo bizamenya ibibi. Igikorwa cyawe nugukosora ibijyanye no gukoresha ibikoresho bidasanzwe.
Ingingo ku ngingo: Amahitamo ya Balcony Amahitamo (Ifoto)
Gushiraho sisitemu ya rafter hamwe namaboko yawe
Kwishyiriraho sisitemu yo hejuru.
Nkingingo, hariho inzira nyinshi zo kubaka sisitemu ya rafter. Kurugero, udasanzwe ryinzego zimanikwa zashyizwe mumirima yarangiye. Inzobere zirasaba gukora ibihuruke. Bite? Umurongo wo hasi ni uko, mukusanya igishushanyo mw'isi, uzagora kuzura hejuru yinzu, kuko bigoye cyane. Kugirango ushyireho, ugomba gufata inyandikorugero yiteguye ikozwe mubintu byoroheje. Urashobora guteranya imirima yimyenda, bazahura nibipimo byarakaye. Ibyiza nyamukuru byubu buryo nuburyo bworoshye bwo kwishyiriraho na aesthetics. Igisenge kiringaniye kandi cyiza.
Rafter kugirango igishushanyo mbonera biroroshye cyane. Ariko, inyandikorugero nayo izahora hano, nita ku byo yaremye. Mubisanzwe, kwishyiriraho byakozwe mukusanya ibintu byihariye. Akazi kakozwe mubyiciro byinshi.
Ubwa mbere ukeneye gushiraho ibintu bikabije, umurongo. Bagomba gushyirwa ku gusahura kandi buringaniye hafi ya perimetero yose. Ibikurikira, hagati yabo ushyire twine. Igihome cye gitanga uburambuzi bwiza, gifite akamaro cyane muriki gikorwa. Noneho shiraho ibintu byose, umurima wa sisitemu ya rafter. Iyo sisitemu yashyizweho, kora ibikomere (kubyimba), shiramo gukomera. Birasabwa gukurura umwanzuro kugeza kwishyiriraho isanduku.
Rero, sisitemu ya Rafter igomba kuba irimo imirima itoroshye, kuruhande no skate ikora, mauelalat na diagonal. Mauerlat ni igice cyinzu yinzu, nikibari cyangwa igiti. Inguni zirahujwe nayo.
Icyiciro nyamukuru mugushiraho igisenge ni ugushushanya imirima. Mubisanzwe birimo imirima n'imirima. Wibuke ko guhinduranya ibyiza bya sisitemu ya solo nigishushanyo mbonera. Kugirango ukore ibi, ugomba gukoresha rafter hamwe nukabari (guhambira). Sisitemu nkiyi ni ibyiringiro byizewe kandi biramba.
Noneho uzi uburyo sisitemu yo hejuru yinzu yakozwe n'amaboko yabo. Mubyukuri, nta ngorane zidasanzwe muriyi mpapuro, ikintu nyamukuru nugukurikiza neza amabwiriza yo kwishyiriraho.