Fondasiyo Munzu yimbaho ​​- Intambwe-Intambwe

Kubaka inzu yigenga bitangirana nibishushanyo mbonera. Ibi

Ingingo igenewe abashishikajwe no kubaka inyubako yo guturamo kuva ku giti.

(Kuva ku murongo, ibiti, inzu ya skew).

Nkuko mubizi, ibiti, nubwo byatunganijwe kandi byateguwe, bisenywa byihuse kuruta ibikoresho byo kubaka.

Muri icyo gihe, inzira yo gusesa itangirira aho igiti icyarimwe gihura n'amazi (ubuhehere), ubutaka n'umwuka. Abo., Aho kwegeranye kuri fondasiyo.

Kubwibyo, imiterere ikwiye ya Fondasiyo munsi yimbaho

Inzu irashobora kwitwa umuhigo wimikorere miremire yimiterere.

Fondasiyo Munzu yimbaho - Intambwe-Intambwe

Urufatiro rw'inzu yimbaho hamwe namaboko yawe

Urufatiro rwinzu yimbaho - snup, gost, kugenzura

Inyandiko

Kubaka fondasiyo bitangirana no kubara kandi

Kumenyera ibisabwa. Mu nyandiko igenga umuntu ku giti cye

Ibice byo kubaka urufatiro:

GOST 13580-85 "Isahani ya kate ya bassenced."

Snup 3.02.01-87 "Inzego zisi, Impamvu kandi
Urufatiro. "

Snup 2.02.01-83 "Urufatiro rwinyubako ninzego".

Snup 2.02.03-85 "Urufatiro rwa Pile"

SP 50-101-2004 "Igishushanyo nigikoresho cyimfatiro kandi
Urufatiro rw'inyubako n'inzego. "

Umurongo ngenderwaho kubishushanyo mbonera nifatizo kuri
Ubutaka.

Ibindi bikorwa byo kugenzura (akarere cyangwa ibyo
impungenge zikora muburyo bwihariye bwubusa).

Twabibutsa ko ibyifuzo byatanzwe

INGINGO N'AMARIMBO, INGINGO ZININI GUSA UKUBIZA IBISABWA

Inzira yo kubaka. Ariko, inzu yigenga irashobora gutandukana mubunini, ububiko,

Ibikoresho byubwubatsi. Kubwibyo, imiterere ya Fondasiyo munsi yimbaho

Inzu izagira itandukaniro ryinshi rikoreshwa muri buri kibazo. ariko

Birakenewe gusuzuma ko urufatiro rugomba kurenza urwego rwubutaka na mm 500.

Igikoresho cya Fondation ku nzu y'ibiti

Kugira ngo usubize iki kibazo, ugomba gusuzuma ibintu bisobanura ubwoko bwa Fondasiyo:

Aho inzu yinzu . Ni intangiriro ya bose
Ubushakashatsi bwa geologie. Ni ngombwa kutubaka inzu hafi ya cluff,
Ibyuzi aho ubutaka bworoshye. Kandi kandi mbere kuzirikana amahirwe yo guhuza
ku itumanaho (gutanga gaze, amashanyarazi, gutanga amazi);

Ibipimo n'inyama z'inzu . Uburemere bwinshi bwinzu, cyane cyane
Isezerano rigomba kuramba. Ariko, icyarimwe, kwiyongera mumagorofa

biganisha kumutwaro munini kuri fondasiyo, ariko kwiyongera mubice byose byinzu
ntabwo asunika ibyo asabwa, kuko Umutwaro wose ku gace k'ishami kiracyahari
idahindutse;

Kuringaniza inzira, hasi;

Agace k'abatabazi . Hamwe n'ibidashishwa binini
Urufatiro rwubwoko bwa rubbon ruzasaba gukenera gukuraho ibintu bifatika

ingano y'ubutaka;

Ubwoko bwubutaka nubushobozi bwayo bwo gutwara . Ubwoko butanu buratandukanye
Ubutaka. Kugirango umenye ubwoko bwubutaka kurubuga ntabwo ari ngombwa gushyikirana
Amashyirahamwe yihariye arahagije kureba ubutaka nyuma yimvura;

Ubutaka bwibumba bukurura ubushuhe, no mu mapfa
gutwikirwa.
Sujelinnyh akurura ubuhehere vuba, ariko buzuma
Gusa muminsi mike.
Sandy akuramo vuba, kandi urashobora gukomeza gukora
Bizaba hafi yimvura.
Ibimera bikura nabi kuri Peat
Ikora.
Ubutaka bushingiye kuri Lime bushobora gukuramo vuba vuba kandi
Ifite ishingiro kubera isura yigicucu cyoroshye cyisi mugihe cy'amapfa.

Ubwoko bwubutaka bugena ubushobozi bwo gutwara;

ubujyakuzimu bw'amazi . Ubushuhe bwinshi ni
Mu butaka, hafi ya hafi ya Fondasiyo, birashoboka cyane ko bishoboka
ko iyo iyo gikonje / gukonja ubutaka bizakurwaho;

Ubujyakuzimu bwo gukonjesha ubutaka . Ishingiro ry'ifatizo rigomba
ube munsi y'urwego rwubutaka;

Kunywa ibikoresho, igihe nigiciro cyakazi . Yiyemeje
kubangamira wigenga;

Igishushanyo cya Aesthetics . Nanone biterwa n'umuntu ku giti cye
Ibyifuzo. Ibyo ari byo byose, kumena urufatiro rw'inzu y'imbaho
Baseline iringaniye, plaster na D.p. Igufasha kugera ku ngaruka zifuzwa.

Ingingo ku ngingo: Impamvu nuburyo bwo gukuraho inkuta

Kubara no kubara ibintu byavuzwe haruguru bizagufasha guhitamo

Ubwoko bwifuzwa. Ni uruhe rufatiro rw'inzu y'imbaho nziza? Hitamo

Ihitamo rihuye rirashoboka nyuma yo gusuzuma ibintu byose byasobanuwe haruguru.

Ubwoko n'ubwoko bw'imifatiro ku nzu y'ibiti

Uburemere buke bwibiti birimo gukoresha

Ubwoko nk'ubwo bwfatizo:

kaseti;
Inkingi;
ikirundo;
Slab.

1. Urufatiro rwa Ribbon munsi yinzu

RIBBON Foundation munzu yimbaho

RIBBON ISAHAMO UBWOKO BWA MBERE

Fondasiyo. Ifite igice kimwe muri perimetero. Ubugari bwacyo bugomba

Ba mm 50. yagutse kuruta ubugari bwurukuta.

Abasimbuye umukandara Fondasiyo:

Urufatiro rwimbitse rwa Ribbon. Yasutswe hafi ya perimetero

Inyubako n'inkuta z'imbere. Ikoreshwa niba:

Ubutaka kurubuga yerekeza ku cyiciro cya bubbly;
Hamwe n'uburebure bukomeye bwa primer yubutaka;
Iyo amazi yo mu mazi yiruka hafi kuri
ubutaka;
imbere y'iburyo bwo hasi, munsi yo hasi, garage;
Kubijyanye no kubaka iduka ryinshi.

Inzu ya Ribbon

Ikoranabuhanga ryo kubaka:

Gucukura umwobo. Ubujyakuzimu munsi yinzu yimbaho
Ugomba kurenza urwego rwubutaka bukonje na mm 200. N'ubugari bungana
Ubugari bwabazwe Fondasiyo, wongeyeho mm 400-500. kumurongo no korohereza akazi;

Igikoresho cyumusenyi. Kuri iyi ntego
Kureka bisutswe igice cyivanga hamwe nubwinshi bwa mm 150-200. Guhuza imvange ya yo
Ugomba gusuka amazi, hanyuma ukikirwe. Gahunda yumusego izagabanya
Umutwaro kugirango urufatiro ruri hagati y'ibihe;

Gushiraho imiterere. Hejuru yifatizo byari byoroshye
Ugomba kurasa imirimo uhereye imbere, kandi imisumari yakubise hanze. Gutya
Kwakira bizoroshya gusenya imiterere.

Nuance. Kugirango imirimo isenyutse irashobora kuzanwa

Turagugira inama yo guhitamo ibikoresho byo kubaka hashingiwe ku

ibikenewe. Kurugero, niba uteganya gukoresha icyuma cya

Ubwiza bwo gusakara, koresha ikibaho gitema kumurongo. Niba a

Bituminius Tile, hanyuma uhitemo plywood. Icyarimwe hamwe nimbere

Gukata isura bigomba kuzuza film. Rero, ibiti bya Saw

Koresha igikoresho cya sisitemu ya rafter.

kugirango imirimo ishizwe munsi yigitutu cya beto ukeneye
Shyiramo Umwanya.

kurahira. Inkoni y'icyuma irashobora gushyirwamo
Imirongo myinshi. Ariko, hagomba kwibukwa ko akazi gasuka mugihe uhuza
Armatures ntabwo ikorwa. Inkoni yo gushimangira
Gukoresha insinga;

Hagati yo gushimangira yashizwemo imiyoboro. Birakenewe kuri
Ibitekerezo by'itumanaho no guhumeka.

gusuka beto. Mugihe kimwe, niba akazi karambuye
Iminsi mike, buri kimwe cya mbere kigomba gukama. Kandi ibyuzuye bikorwa
Uburyo "butose".

Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: Imiterere yibanze mububiko bwimbere

Ngombwa. Nyuma ya buri cyiciro ukeneye kugenzura horizontal

Urwego rwo kubaka.

Mbere yo gutangira kubaka inyubako, Fondasiyo

Igomba guhagarara ibyumweru byinshi. Muri iki gihe, urufatiro rushobora

Kare kandi bizaba igihe cyo gukemura ibibazo. Bitabaye ibyo, kugabanuka

Urufatiro ruzerekana aganganya no guhindura inkuta.

Ubundi bukuru bwa Monolithic ni Bloc. In

Uru rubanza, ibice byashyizwe munzira nyinshi z'uburebure,

Basheged hamwe na sima kandi bahujwe na gride yo gushimangira.

Umukandara mwiza. Mzlf cyane

Ibyifuzo byatanzwe neza mugihe wubaka amazu. Kuva uburemere

Inzu y'ibiti ni amatafari make.

Uburebure bwa monolithic ya monolithic iri

imipaka kuva 300 kugeza 500 mm, rero byashyizwe mubikorwa mugihe ukeneye

gabanya ikiguzi cyo kubaka umusingi, utabangamiye

Ibiranga tekiniki no gukora.

Fondasiyo idateganijwe ikoreshwa mu gihe gito cyangwa

Inyubako ntoya yimbaho.

2. Urufatiro rwinkingi munsi yinzu yimbaho

Urufatiro rwinkingi yinzu yimbaho

Ibikoresho byateguwe kurubuga www.moydomik.net

Kubaka urufatiro rw'inkingi byerekana

ikoreshwa rya beto, amatafari, imiyoboro ya asibesitosi, yuzuza beto

Imiterere. Ikoreshwa kubutaka butunganijwe hamwe nubujyakuzimu bukomeye

gukonjesha. Kimwe no mubutaka butaringaniye kandi mugihe cyo kubaka amazu aho

Munsi yo munsi ntabwo yatanzwe.

Gukoresha urufatiro nk'urwo biragufasha gushiraho inzu kuri

Ubutaka bwizewe kandi icyarimwe bigabanya kunywa beto. Inkingi muri uru rubanza

Yashyizwe ku ngingo z'ingenzi.

Igikoresho cya Fondasiyo munsi yinzu

Ikoranabuhanga ryo kubaka:

Menya aho ushyiraho inkingi. Intera hagati yabo
biterwa n'uburebure bw'inzu, ariko ntigomba kuba munsi ya 1.5-2-2. itegeko ni
Kwinjiza inkingi ku mfuruka z'inyubako, ndetse no mu mwanya wo kwegeranya no guhuza
inkuta;

yimbitse inkingi mu butaka kugeza ubujyakuzimu bwa cm 50-70. Umusenyi wumusenyi
Munsi ya buri nkingi nicyo gisabwa kubikoresho byubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose.
Niba gukora inyandiko bibaye kurubuga rwo kwishyiriraho, ugomba gukora
gukora no gukoresha fittings;

Inama Njyanama. Inzira yateye imbere yo gushiraho inkingi zizaba

Gukoresha tekinoroji. Itanga kwaguka kwinkingi yinkunga

hepfo. Iki gishushanyo kiraramba kandi gishobora gushyirwaho muburyo ubwo aribwo bwose.

Ubutaka (ukuyemo kureremba). No kwishyiriraho byoroshye bigufasha kwihutisha akazi no gukora

adafite ibikoresho.

Urufatiro rwa Tees

guha ibikoresho ibiti cyangwa icyuma hejuru
Inkingi. Bitewe nibi, umutwaro uva muburemere bwinzu uzagabanuka cyane
Hagati y'abaterankunga.

3. Ikirundo Urufatiro rwinzu

Urufatiro rwinzuki

Amazu yimbaho ku rufatiro rwa piri yazamutse ku butaka

Ubwoko budahungabana hamwe nubutaka butaringaniye. Ikindi gisabwa

ni urwego rwo hejuru cyangwa ruhanishwa ruhindura amazi yubutaka.

Byongeye kandi, urufatiro rwa piri ninzira nziza yo kugabanya kubungabunga inzu kandi

Kongera ubushobozi bwayo.

Ingingo kuri iyo ngingo: Instagram mumukororombya oleole [umukororombya propesperacs Instagram]

Nuance. Ubu bwoko bwa Fondasiyo ntabwo bukwiye kubikoresho.

munsi. Ariko, hiyongereye, ibikorwa byinshi bavuga ko umusingi uri

Birakwiye niba igaraje ryateganijwe muri rusange hamwe ninzu

Fondasiyo. Bias nini itera ingorane hamwe no kugera muri garage, cyane cyane iyo

Ikirere kibi.

Ikoranabuhanga ryo kuzuza urufatiro rirasa

Byavuzwe. Itandukaniro nuko muriki kibazo Inkunga ntabwo ihagaze hasi, ariko

Byuzuye. Kuberako, ikirundo gifite bur kumurangira kigufasha gukora hasi

Ubujyakuzimu buri munsi y'urwego rwo gukonjesha. Irimo byoroshya akazi kandi igabanya ibintu bigoye kandi

Ikiguzi cyo kwishyiriraho. Ibikurikira, yasutswe na beto.

Nuance. Hariho ibibazo ubwo ubutaka bwakonje bwaterejwe ikirundo,

Kubwibyo, abahanga basaba gukora ubuso bwe neza. Kuri

Ibi bizahuza na firime cyangwa umuyoboro wa asbesto.

Rushwords nayo yashyizwe hagati yikirundo.

4. Plap fondasiyo munsi yinzu yimbaho

Fondasiyo ya Slab yinzu yimbaho ikoreshwa aho

Hariho ubutaka bugoye. Kugenda kwibiburani

Gukora Monolithic Yashimangiwe Inkweto zifatika, zingana nakarere

Murugo. Ibyiza byingenzi byitanura nuko ari mobile, bityo inzu

Ntuhindutse ku kugenda k'ubutaka munsi yacyo.

Kwuzura Fondasiyo ya Slab arahenze kandi afite ibibazo

Ibirori bigizwe n'iyi ngingo:

Gucukura umwobo. Urebye ingano yacyo bizakenera gukurura
Byongeye kandi, tekinike;
Gahunda yo gutegura imisatsi-sima;
kurahira;
Gusuka beto.

Ibintu bidasanzwe mukubakwa nkibi

Fondasiyo ni ugukama imyenda imwe ya beto hejuru yubuso bwose

Amasahani.

Ni ubuhe buryo bukenewe kugirango urufatiro rw'inzu y'imbaho

Inyandiko zisanzwe:

GOVES B.2.7-44-96 "sima".
GOST B B.2.7-46-96 "Ishyaka rya gikomunisiti".
GOVES B.2,7-65-97 "Inyongera kuri beto no kubaka
ibisubizo. "
GOVES B.2,7-69-98 "Inzoga kuri beto. Uburyo busobanura. "

Niba ngufi, noneho iyo uhisemo simati ya beto ukeneye gufata

Kureba ibiranga ubutaka, umutwaro ugereranijwe, ubwoko bwa Fondasiyo, uburebure

Amazi yaho.

Kubyerekeye ikirango cya sima, hanyuma kumati yimbaho

Amazu akwiye Mark M150. Ariko, abanyamwuga baragirwa inama yo kudakiza ikirango

No kubona cement hamwe nikimenyetso kitari munsi ya m400. Mugihe kimwe ugomba gutanga

Portland Cement Ibyifuzo Byibatswe, bifite ibikenewe

imitungo.

Fata beto n'amaboko yawe hashingiwe kuri sima marame m400

Urashobora kuyobora amakuru yimeza, aho C-sima, p - umucanga, shch - amatongo.

Mugihe wubaka inzu yigihugu cyangwa akazu, kwitabwaho bidasanzwe bigomba kwishyurwa ku rufatiro rufatizo. Kugirango wirinde imipaka ya Fondasiyo, ifatwa hamwe nibinyabuzima bitandukanye (kurugero, Penetron) cyangwa firime zishingiye kuri Bitume. Amazi meza akwemerera kurinda urufatiro mumazi (ubutaka, gushonga, imvura).

Byongeye kandi, ibyabaye hafi yinzu bizagufasha gufata amazi no kubika fondasiyo. Kurinda neza kubushuhe bizaba ari umuhengeri ku rufatiro rwinzu yimbaho. Yashizwe

Uburyo arinda urufatiro rw'inyubako.

Hanze ku rufatiro rw'inzu y'imbaho

Umwanzuro

Turizera ko amakuru n'amabwiriza yatanzwe mu ngingo

bizatuma bishoboka kumenya ubwoko bwinzifatiro munsi yinzu yimbaho bameze

Kora imwe cyangwa urundi rufatiro n'amaboko yawe, kandi ni ibihe bintu bigomba gusuzumwa igihe

Hitamo.