Kugira ngo gahunda yo gushyushya idashobora kwanga umwanya uhuze cyane, ibihe byo gushyushya byarashize nta kibazo, birakenewe ko ugenzura buri gihe ibikoresho, kugirango umenye ibintu byambarwa. Ubugenzuzi nk'ubwo bwitwa "gukanda gahunda yo gushyushya", bikorwa hakurikijwe amategeko amwe.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gushyushya no gutanga amazi
Gushyushya no gutanga amazi ni sisitemu ebyiri zigizwe numubare munini wibikoresho bitandukanye. Nkuko bizwi, imikorere ya sisitemu iyo ari yo yose mpuzamahanga igenwa ninyamanswa - iyo inanirwa, ihagarara burundu cyangwa igice. Guhishura intege nke zose no gushyushya no gutanga amazi. Niba tuvuga mu rurimi rworoshye, igitutu cyuzuye cyane kirenze umukozi, kuvoma amazi. Bikore nibikoresho byihariye, kugenzura igitutu cyumuvuduko. Izina rya kabiri rya THERAPY ni ibizamini bya hydraulic. Birashoboka ko usiba impamvu.
Gukanda gushyushya bikorwa nyuma yo gusana cyangwa mbere yigihe cyo gushyushya
Iyo gahunda yo gushyushya irakandamijwe, igitutu kizukirwaho na 25-80% ukurikije ubwoko bwimiyoboro, imiyoboro, ibindi bikoresho. Biragaragara ko ikizamini kigaragaza ingingo zose zifite intege nke - ibintu byose bidafite imbaraga, bicika, imiyoboro yambara kandi imiyoboro itizewe iragaragara. Mugukuraho ibibazo byose byagaragaye, menya neza imikorere yawe cyangwa amazi yawe mugihe gito.
Niba turimo tuvuga gushyushya gusa, noneho gukata mubisanzwe bikorwa ako kanya nyuma yigihembwe. Muri iki kibazo, habaho igihe cyiza cyo gusana. Ariko ibi ntabwo aribyo byonyine mugihe ibintu nkibi bifashwe. Kanda biracyarenga nyuma yo gusanwa, gusimbuza ikintu icyo aricyo cyose. Ihame, ibi birumvikana - birakenewe kugenzura uburyo ibikoresho bishya byizewe. Kurugero, wafashe ubwato kuva mumiyoboro ya polypropylene. Ni ngombwa kugenzura uburyo ibice byiza byagaragaye. Ibi birashobora gukorwa hifashishijwe gukata.
Niba tuvuga kuri sisitemu yigenga mumazu yigenga cyangwa amazu, noneho hasigaye amazi mashya cyangwa gusanwa mubisanzwe agenzurwa gusa atangira amazi, nubwo atabangamiye ikizamini. Ariko gushyushya birakenewe kubona "byuzuye", no mbere yo gushyiraho, hanyuma nyuma yo gusanwa. Wibuke ko ibyo bikoresho byihishe mu rukuta hasi cyangwa munsi y'igisenge kigomba kugeragezwa kugeza igihe bari hafi yabo. Bitabaye ibyo, niba iyo ugeragejwe bigaragaye ko hari kumeneka, ugomba gusenya / kumena no gukemura ibibazo. Bake ibi bizabikora.
Ibikoresho byikizamini ninshuro
Gukanda sisitemu yo hagati bikorwa n'abakozi bakoresheje abakozi, bityo ntibishoboka ko kubivuga. Ariko ikigiramo uburemere bukabije no gutanga amazi, birashoboka ko atari abantu bose bazi. Ibi ni pompe idasanzwe. Hariho ubwoko bubiri - Igitabo n'amashanyarazi (Automatic). Igitabo Criping Pumps yigenga, igitutu cyatewe inshinge ukoresheje leveri, kugenzura igitutu ku muvuduko uhuriweho. Ibirungo nkibi birashobora gukoreshwa kuri sisitemu nto - biragoye rwose gukuramo.
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Imashini yintoki
Pumps yamashanyarazi kugirango atemba - ibikoresho bigoye kandi bihenze. Mubisanzwe bashiraho amahirwe yo gukora igitutu runaka. Yashyizweho nuwakoresha, kandi "irabifata" mu buryo bwikora. Ibikoresho nkibi biragura ibigo byishora mu bugizi bwa nabi.
Dukurikije snop, ikizamini cya hydraulic cyo gushyushya sisitemu bigomba gukorwa buri mwaka, mbere yo gutangira igihe cyo gushyushya. Ibi kandi bireba amazu yiherereye, ariko, ariko abantu bake ni bo bakora ibi bisanzwe. Reba mubihe byiza mumyaka 5-7. Niba utagiye kugerageza gushyushya buri mwaka, noneho ntampamvu yo kugura ibikoresho byo kuvura. Igitabo giheke cyane ni $ 150, ariko cyiza - kuva $ 250. Ihame, birashoboka kuyifata kugirango umushahara (mubisanzwe hariho ibigo bigurisha ibice byo gushyushya sisitemu cyangwa kumeza yo guha akazi). Amafaranga azarekurwa nto - ukeneye igikoresho cyamasaha menshi. Ibi rero nibisohoka byiza.
Hamagara umwihariko cyangwa ubikore wenyine
Niba usabwa kubwintego imwe yo gutesha agaciro cyangwa gutanga amazi ashyushye, ufite inzira imwe gusa - gutumiza iyi serivisi mumuryango wihariye. Igiciro cyo gushyushya gishobora gusashwa gusa. Biterwa nubunini bwa sisitemu, imiterere yacyo, kuboneka k'umuriro ufunze n'imiterere yabo. Muri rusange, ikiguzi gifatwa nkikiguzi cyamasaha 1 yakazi, kandi bihindagurika kuva kuringaniza 1000 kumasaha kugeza kuri 2500 Rable / isaha. Tugomba kwita imiryango itandukanye no guhangana nabo.
Ibigo bigira uruhare muri sisitemu ya hydraulic ya sisitemu, ibikoresho bikomeye
Niba wazamuye amazi yo gushyushya cyangwa ashyushye murugo rwawe, kandi uzi neza imiyoboro nibikoresho biri muburyo busanzwe, nta munyuzi no kubitsa muri bo, urashobora gukora mukatirwa. Ntamuntu usaba ibikorwa byo kuyobora ibizamini bya hydraulic. Nubwo wabonye ko imiyoboro hamwe na Radiator bifunze, urashobora kwoza byose, nyuma yongera kugeragezwa. Niba udashaka gukora ibi, urashobora guhamagara inzobere. Bahita bakora sisitemu kandi bazamufata agasimi, kandi bazaguha igikorwa.
Igikorwa cya sisitemu yo gupima hydrostatike (Crimping)
Inzira
Gutesha agaciro ka sisitemu yo gushyushya inzu yigenga bitangirana no gutandukana na sisitemu yo gushyushya, Automatic Air Vent na Tank. Niba hari crane ifunze muri ibi bikoresho, birashoboka kubafunga, ariko niba cranes ari amakosa, ikigega cyo kwaguka rwose kizananirwa, na boiler - bitewe numuvuduko uwutanga. Kubwibyo, ikigega cyo kwaguka ni cyiza gukuraho, cyane cyane ko byoroshye kubikora, ariko kubijyanye no kubika bizagomba kwiringira ubuzima bwa crane. Niba hari theostator kuri radiotor, nabo bifuzwa gukuraho - ntabwo bagenewe igitutu kinini.
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Rimwe na rimwe, gushyushya byose ntabwo byageragejwe, ariko igice runaka. Niba bishoboka, byaciwe hamwe nubufasha bwo gushimangira cyangwa gushiraho abasimbuka by'agateganyo - ibimenyetso.
Hariho ingingo ebyiri zingenzi: gukanda birashobora gukorwa ku bushyuhe bwo mu kirere bitarenze + 5 ° C, Sisitemu yuzuyemo amazi n'ubushyuhe butarenze + 45 ° C.
Ibikurikira, inzira ni:
- Niba sisitemu yari ikora, guhuza ibikonje.
- Crusher yahujwe na sisitemu. Kuri we, hari hose ndangiza ibinyomoro bya cape. Iyi mbuto ifitanye isano na sisitemu ahantu hose habereye, byibuze aho tank yakuweho cyangwa aho kuba crane ya drain.
- Amazi asukwa mubushobozi bwa pompe, hamwe nubufasha bwa pompe ikwamburwa muri sisitemu.
Igikoresho gihuza ibitekerezo byose cyangwa kuri progaramu ya Pope cyangwa revers - ntacyo bitwaye
- Mbere yo guterura igitutu, ugomba gukuraho umwuka wose muri sisitemu. Kugirango ukore ibi, birashoboka gutandukanya sisitemu gato hamwe na crane yafunguye cyangwa kuyikuramo mu ndege kumurikakara (cranes ya Maevsky).
- Sisitemu ivugwa mu gitutu cy'imikorere, irashya byibuze iminota 10. Muri iki gihe, umwuka wose usigaye umanuka.
- Umuvuduko uzamuka muri verisiyo, ni igihe runaka (byagengwaga ku mahame ya Minisiteri y'ingufu). Mugihe cyibizamini, ibikoresho byose hamwe nubusa bigenzurwa. Barasuzumwa, kubera isura yamenetse. Ndetse nigicapo gishyushye gato gifatwa nkikintu gito (igihu cyana gisaba kurandura).
- Mugihe cripaki, urwego rwumuvuduko rugenzurwa. Niba mugihe cyo kwipimisha, kugwa kwayo ntikurenga (byanditswe muri sniva), sisitemu ifatwa nkibyiza. Niba igitutu cyaranzwe byibuze gito kurenza imiterere, ugomba gushakisha kumeneka, ubikureho, hanyuma utangire cripping.
Nkuko bimaze kuvugwa, umuvuduko ukabije uterwa nuburyo bwibizamini na sisitemu (gushyushya cyangwa gutanga amazi ashyushye). Ibyifuzo bya minisiteri yingufu, bishyiraho mumategeko agenga tekiniki yibimera byubushyuhe "(urup. 9.2.13) kugirango byoroshye gukoreshwa bigabanijwe kumeza.
| Ubwoko bwibikoresho byo kwipimisha | Igitutu cy'ikizamini | Ikizamini | Yemereye igitutu |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amapfundo ya Lift, Ubushyuhe bw'amazi | 1 mPA (10 kgf / cm2) | Iminota 5 | 0.02 MPA (0.2 KGF / CM2) |
| SHAKA Sisitemu Yicyuma | 0.6 MPA (6 kgf / cm2) | Iminota 5 | 0.02 MPA (0.2 KGF / CM2) |
| Sisitemu hamwe ninama hamwe na zerekanya | 1 mPA (10 kgf / cm2) | Iminota 15 | 0.01 mpa (0.1 kgf / cm2) |
| Ibikoresho byamazi bishyushye bikozwe mu miyoboro y'icyuma | UMUKOZI WATANGIYE + 0.5 MPA (5 KGF / CM2), ariko ntabwo birenga 1 MPF / CM2) | Iminota 10 | 0.05 mpa (0.5 kgf / cm2) |
| Sisitemu yo gutanga amazi ashyushye kuva imiyoboro ya plastiki | UMUKOZI WATANGIYE + 0.5 MPA (5 KGF / CM2), ariko ntabwo birenga 1 MPF / CM2) | Iminota 30 | 0.06 MPA (0,6 kgf / cm2), hamwe nibindi bizamini kumasaha 2 hamwe nigitonyanga ntarengwa cya 0.02 mp (0.2 kgf / cm2) |
Nyamuneka menya ko kubizamini bishyushya kandi imiyoboro y'amazi kuva imiyoboro ya plastiki, igihe cyumuvuduko wigihe kidasanzwe muminota 30. Niba muriki gihe nta gutandukana bigaragaye, sisitemu ifatwa nkisi yaka. Ariko ikizamini kirakomeje mumasaha 2. Kandi muriki gihe, igitonyanga muri sisitemu muri sisitemu ntigikwiye kurenza ibisanzwe - 0.02 mpa (0.2 kgf / cm2).
Imbonerahamwe yo kubahiriza Ibice bitandukanye byo gupima igitugu
Ku rundi ruhande, muri snip 3.05.01-85 (P 4.6) Hariho ibindi byifuzo:
- Ibizamini byo gushyushya no gutanga amazi ni 1.5 uhereye kumukozi, ariko ntabwo biri munsi ya 0.2 MPF / 2 kmf / cm2).
- Sisitemu ifatwa neza iyo nyuma yiminota 5 igitonyanga kitararenga 0.02 mpa (0.2 kgf / cm).
Ni izihe ngingo zo gukoresha ari ikibazo gishimishije. Mugihe ibyangombwa byombi nta gushidikanya, bityo biremewe byombi. Birakenewe kwegera buri muntu kugiti cye, ukurikije igitutu ntarengwa ibintu bibarwa. Umuvuduko rero wakazi wumugezi wingurube-yicyuma ntabwo urenze ATm 6, muburyo, igitutu cyibizamini kizaba 9-10. Birakwiye kandi kugenwa nibindi bice byose.
Gukanda umwuka
Ntabwo ari hose kandi ntabwo buri gihe afite amahirwe yo gukodesha indabyo, uburyo bwo kuyigura. Kurugero, ugomba kugerageza gushyushya ku kazu. Ibikoresho birihariye kandi byamahirwe amenyereye ari nto cyane. Muri uru rubanza, sisitemu yo gutemako yo gushyushya ikorwa numwuka. Kubishirizwa byayo, urashobora gukoresha compressor, ndetse no mumodoka. Ku gitutu, igitutu gihujwe gikurikizwa.
Gutesha agaciro ntabwo byoroshye kandi ntibikwiye rwose. Gushyushya no gutanga amazi bibarwa ku bwikorezi bw'amazi, kandi ni abo munwa. Aho amazi atazumva, umwuka uzarekurwa. Kubwibyo, ufite ikizere cyane, birashobora kuvugwa ko umwuka wo mu kirere uzaba - ahantu runaka, hazabaho ihuriro rirekuye. Byongeye kandi, kugirango umenye aho hasage hamwe nibigeragezo nkibi biragoye. Ikoreshwa kuri iki gisabune, kibura ingingo zose hamwe nubusa, ahantu hose umwuka ushobora gusohoka. Bubbles igaragara kurubuga rwa lekage. Rimwe na rimwe gushakisha igihe kirekire. Niyo mpamvu gutinyuka sisitemu yo gushyushya ntabwo ikunzwe cyane.
Gupfuka igorofa bishyushye bifite imiterere yacyo - ugomba kubanza kugenzura ibimamara n'ibikoresho byose byakosowe. Kugira ngo ukore ibi, funga imirongo yose yo kugaburira indangagaciro hamwe nu murongo, wuzuze ubushyuhe gusa, reba umuvuduko. Umaze kubireka mubisanzwe, na none wuzuze umuzingi hasi, hanyuma noneho hejuru cyane. Inzira irasobanuwe muburyo burambuye muri videwo.
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