Nigute washyira amatafari

Kubaka inzu kuva ku matafari imwe muri ikirere ntabwo aricyo gitekerezo cyiza: ni hejuru cyane mumikino ye yubushyuhe kubera inkuta zigomba kuba umucumbitse. Ariko ikoreshwa ryabyo kurangiza bimaze gutsindishirizwa mubukungu: umurongo winzu ufite amatafari, hamwe nubushakashatsi bukwiye, kandi isura izatanga uburyo bwo gushyushya, kandi isura izatanga imiterere y "umurwa mukuru". Niba inkuta zirukanywe ku nkombe zifata ifuro cyangwa izindi nyacyo kandi zishyushye, noneho kurangiza nazo bizaba umuyaga. Barareba n'amatafari n'amazu y'ibiti, ariko muri uru rubanza hari ibiranga imyuka mu biti, bitabaye ibyo - busa, bisana bikabije hamwe no gusenyuka byuzuye.

Amatafari yo gukoresha

Guhangana n'amatafari kurekuwe nikoranabuhanga ritandukanye, bityo ifite ibintu bitandukanye nibiciro:

• Ceramic. Mu kurangiza byose, niwe uhendutse cyane. Mu mikino ushobora guhamagara hygroscopique: 6-15% ukurikije ikoranabuhanga nigikoresho. Muri pores y'amazi mugihe cyo gukonjesha kwagura, bigatera kurimbuka, amatafari atangira gusenyuka. Ndetse no kurangiza bidasanzwe, aho ibitanda biri mu nganda (igice gihinduka hanze) kirinzwe cyane. Sohoka - Nyuma yo gutwika ikoti hamwe nurukuta hamwe nibigize hydrophobic. Gusa abadakora firime ya staproof. Mugihe uhisemo, witondere ibi: ubuhehere bukabije bugomba kuba ibisohoka. Kurwanya ubukonje bwa ceramic guhangana namatafari 25-75 yizunguruka (kangahe kohereza ubunini / gukonjesha utabanje gukomera. Ikimenyetso kiri hejuru, ikiguzi cyo hejuru. Byasobanuwe nibiciro byinshi mumusaruro.

  

  Ceramic ireba amatafari ntishobora kuba hejuru yubuso bworoshye. Hariho kandi igicucu gitandukanye cyemerera guhuza imiterere.

• Hyperpressive cyangwa gucuruza. Ubu bwoko bwo kureba amatafari ntabwo buboneka mu mbuto, ariko bakanda. Ibisigazwa byayo ntibikiri ibumba, ariko lime hamwe nabahuriza hamwe ningurube. Ibishoboka byo gukoresha pigment bigufasha kubona gamut nini. Isura yo mumaso akenshi ntabwo ari umurongo, yigana ibuye ryo mu gasozi. Isura nziza. Ariko kutabagirana bikangishwa kwiyemeza: ubuso butaringaniye, amazi arambuka cyane muri pores, yatunganije ubukonje. Irafatwa kimwe no ku rubanza rw'Irema: Impongano ya hydrophobic. Kurwanya ubukonje bwa Bump Amatafari Yuzuye Bump yatangajwe nabashinzwe ibirango kuva 75 kugeza 150.

  

  Amatafari ya hypersed cyangwa bumpy arangije areba mu mabuye y'agaciro

• Clinker. Aya matafari nayo ni ceramic, ariko ikoranabuhanga ridasanzwe ritanga imbaraga nyinshi nubucucike. Ibikoresho byinshi byongerera nabi cyane kwikuramo amazi. Gukora, ibi nibyiza, ariko iyo hashize ubutaka mu ngorane: kugirango urukuta rutatoboye igisubizo gikomeye, gito, kandi biragoye gukorana nayo. Undi ukuyemo, ugabanye amakimbirane atandukanye yibintu bitandukanye: ugereranije nibikoresho byabanjirije, birahenze: ibiciro ni 50-150% hejuru ukurikije uwabikoze. Kurwanya ubukonje bwa clinker - kuva 100 kugeza 150. Clinker yerekeje murugo amatafari - umunezero ntabwo bihendutse, ariko birashimishije cyane.

  

  Imbaraga nyinshi za clunker ziragufasha gukora ibintu bidahwitse bidahwitse mugihe abungurutse

• Gusebanya. Guhenduka, ariko kandi "isuka cyane" yo guhangana namatafari: Kurwanya ubukonje - 25-50. Nibyiza kumara gushyuha. Ntabwo ari byinshi, ariko biracyaza: impuzandengo yubushyuhe bwa Ceramic 0.16, muri Siyalicate 0.18. Byongeye kandi, biraremereye: Kugereranije bwuburemere bwa ceramic 2.4 kg, gusiba ingano ni 3 kg. Uburemere buke busaba urufatiro rukomeye nitsinzi ku giciro (SELICATE Cheaper) ntabwo ari nini cyane. Niba dusuzumye ko ikiguzi cyo gushyushya kizarushaho kuba kinini, noneho ikintu giteye ubwoba ni na gato. Gupfukirana inzu hamwe namatafari ya siyase ni byiza mu turere dushyushye. Mu majyaruguru ntabwo ari inyungu rwose.

  

  Guhangana murugo kuva ku matafari ya silicate ni uhendutse cyane, ariko, birababaje, kurangiza igihe gito

Hitamo ubwoko bw'amatafari - ntabwo bose. Ugomba kandi kwitondera ingano nuburyo bwimyobo. Amatafari yuzuye arangije akoreshwa cyane: Birahenze cyane, apima. Ugereranije ubusa bufite abantu bagera kuri 28%, ariko ni manini na mato. Hamwe nibiranga kimwe, tanga amahirwe amatafari hamwe ninzobere nto: Igisubizo ntikizagwamo. Ibi bizagabanya igipimo cyurugendo rwibisubizo byimisoro, kandi imbaraga zabakumirwa ziziyongera.

Niba inzu yahawe inzu ifite amatafari ya hypercaste, yakozwe hagomba kuba kare kurenza iminsi 15-20 ishize. Muri kiriya gihe, yunguka imbaraga z'Ibanze (hafi 80%) kandi irashobora gutwarwa no gupakirwa nta bwoba.

Nyamuneka menya ko iyo bibitswe kumatafari yo gupakira ntagomba kugwa amazi. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane niba bamukoranyirije kugenda igihe cy'itumba.

Guhagarara murugo bivugwa hano.

Nigute ushobora gutwikira inzu y'ibiti (Bruce, Log, Skeleton) Amatafari

Ingorane nyinshi zivuka mugihe zirangiye hamwe namatafari yinzu yimbaho: Ibiranga bitandukanye cyane nibikoresho, ntabwo byoroshye gukora bundle nziza. Ibanga ryose hano ni ngombwa ko icyuho gihumeka hagati yisuka kandi gikenewe murwego rwo kwisuhuza, mubisanzwe ningamira kurukuta rwimbaho. Amashami yumuyaga yubushyuhe yashyizwe hejuru yamakuru. Imiterere iteganijwe - Igomba kuba imyuka-iragaragara (Izosan A, IzosPan nka, Ubumuga Hausques Hausqus, MegosPep, Megole SD, nibindi). Gusa mubihe nkibi mucyumba hazaba ubuhe buryo busanzwe kandi bubora imbuga na fungus hagati yubwoko hamwe nurukuta rwimbaho.

Aho kuba umuyaga, urashobora kurinda ubuso bwa quireglass cyangwa cholesglass cyangwa cholesglaster. Hamwe n'ubunini buhagije bw'inkuta z'ibiti, igice cy'amasuka y'ubushyuhe ntigihari, umuhinzi uhagaze neza kandi uhagaze.

Nigute washyira inzu n'amatafari n'amaboko yawe: Guhura nigikoresho

Guhagarika umutima bigomba kuba byibura mm 60. Irambura kuva munsi yurukuta - itangira nyuma yibanze - no hejuru. Kugenzura umwuka kumurongo wambere, ibicuruzwa bihumeka bikozwe numwuka uza. Munsi yinzu hejuru yigice cya cornice tegura umwobo. Kare ya Ventourcery 75 cm2 kuri buri nkun 20 m2. Umusaruro mumurongo wo hepfo urashobora gukorwa muburyo butandukanye:

• shyira ku matafari anyuze mu mwobo;
• Kuzuza igice cya kashe yikiruhuko hamwe nigisubizo (iyo ushishikarije igisubizo cyo gushyira umurongo, noneho ubikure);
• Kora umwobo ibiri cyangwa itatu hanyuma ushyire grilles.

Bijyanye no gushishoza gukoresha. Uburyo bwemewe cyane ni ubwoya buvanga mumata cyangwa kuzunguruka. Gukoresha ifuro cyangwa polystyrene ifuro ntitutifuzwa: ntabwo bakora uruhu. Ibi bizakuganisha ku kuba ibiti bizazunguruka, kandi mu bibanza ubususu buzaba hejuru y'ibisanzwe.

Indi ngingo y'ingenzi: ikora inzu y'imbaho ​​ifite amatafari gusa nyuma yo kugabanuka kwo gukata bizakorwa. Kandi nibura imyaka 1.5-2. Ni muri urwo rwego, biroroshye ku mazu ashaje y'ibiti: byashize inzira nyamukuru.

Kubyerekeye ubundi buryo bwo hanze kurangiza murugo soma hano.

Plus n'ibibi by'inzu y'imbaho ​​zitwikiriye amatafari

Ihuriro riratandukanye cyane mubiranga ibikoresho - urubanza ni rugoye kandi ntizisobanutse rwose. Kuva mu bihe byiza urashobora gutanga:

• Yagabanije umuriro.
• Kugabanya ibiciro byo gushyushya.
• Ibiti birinzwe kugirango duhuze mu buryo butaziguye n'imvura yo mu kirere.

  

  Mu rwego, amatafari yita ku rukuta rwa Brusade asa n'iki.

Ibihe bibi bihagije:

• Mugihe wubaka amazu ya microclimate isanzwe, ni ngombwa gukurikiza amategeko: imyuka ijyanye nibikoresho bihinduka kuva munsi yimbere. Niba ushize inzu yinjira bafite amatafari, ibintu birahinduka. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ubuhehere bwegeranya mubyerekeranye. Mu gihe cy'itumba, akonjesha aho, bihindura ubwoya bwa minerval mu Truch. Mu ci - itanga imiterere yiterambere ryabumba no kubora. Gusa ibyaremwe byakwirakwijwe bihumeka birashobora gukosora ibintu.
• Inzu yimbaho ​​ahora ihora ihindura ibipimo, kuko umubano ukomeye nurukuta rw'amatafari ntirushobora gukorwa. Amatafari yo munzu kandi inkuta ubwazo agomba kugenda yigenga.
• Amatafari - Ibikoresho biremereye hamwe na misa bigomba gusuzumwa mugihe kubara urufatiro: umutwaro uba mwinshi cyane. Kubwibyo, birasabwa cyangwa ikirango kinini gifatika, cyangwa ubugari bunini muri kaseti, cyangwa ubunini bunini muri plab. Ku rufatiro cyangwa ikirundo - gusiga ibishushanyo, ireba birashobora gushyirwaho gusa nyuma yo kubara.

  

  Imbonerahamwe ipima amatafari yo kurangiza ubunini butandukanye

Muri rusange, icyemezo kidakora. Niba inzu iteganijwe gusa, tekereza inshuro nyinshi. Birashoboka ko ari byiza kubaka inzu ivuye mubyimba (Siyali-Siya), hanyuma izabashyira amatafari. Ibi bikoresho nibyiza cyane kandi byuzuza imico. Guta imyanda yimbaho ​​ukoresheje amatafari aho inzu ishaje, inkwi byijimye, birakenewe kumuha isura nziza.

Ikoranabuhanga rikabara inkuta

Ubwa mbere, ibiti bifatwa no kudashyira mu gaciro kubikorwa byo hanze. Hanyuma ikirango kikozwe mu biti byacometse (nabyo byatewe). Ibipimo by'Abavoka biterwa n'ubwinshi bw'ikirere kibuza. Mubisanzwe kuri striap yo hagati yuburusiya, umurima wo mu nyanja uhari harakenewe mm 50 ku turere twinshi two mu majyaruguru kuva mm 100 kugeza 150. Ariko byumwihariko ibintu byose bifatwa bitewe nubwinshi bwurukuta (kuva kumurongo cyangwa ibiti) namatafari yatoranijwe mububiko.

Intilation ishyizwe hejuru cyane, idafite icyuho: itara ririmo ibintu, kuzirikana ubugari bwacyo. Intera iri hagati yubariro igomba kuba santimetero zitari munsi yubugari bwamagana. Ibikoresho rero bizashyirwa hamwe nimbaraga. Bizabigira cyane isanduku, bigabanya gushiraho ibiraro bikonje.

Urugero rwurukuta rw'amatafari rwumurongo wimbaho ​​kandi skew

Hejuru y'amasuka yashyize umuyaga. Igomba byanze bikunze kuba imyuka - iragaragara, kandi niba imyuka ihuriweho ni uruhande rumwe, kuvana ubushuhe birakenewe mucyumba. Komeza uruziga rufite imitwe yimikorere kumurima. Ibikurikira, va mu cyuho cyo guhumeka byibuze mm 60 hanyuma ushire urukuta mu matafari areba.

Uburyo bwo kubikora neza

Hano haribintu byinshi byihishe bigomba kumenya. Shira inzu mubisanzwe muri Polikirpich. Hatabayeho inkunga y'urukuta, bizimya inkoni, cyane cyane hamwe n'ahantu hanini. Ku buryo hahagaze neza, bifitanye isano n'urukuta rw'imbaho. Hariho inzira ebyiri:

• Umusumari (100-150 mm) yirukanwa mu rukuta igice cya kabiri, inyeganyega. Ihujwe nigice cyinsinga yoroshye hamwe na diameter ya mm 3. Uburebure bwa Slush - burenze metero. Insinga ikenwa hagati yo hagati yumusumari, yagoretse kandi ituruka hagati yamatafari yagoretse, hanyuma gutandukana ku nkombe. Umusumari umanuka kugirango ucecekeshe ku mpeta.
• Koresha imirongo ya mm ya mm 25-30 hamwe na metero ndende. Itsinda hagati ni imisumari isuku (spin kwikubita hasi), nkuko insinga hamwe iganisha hagati yamatafari, barunamye kandi bangwa na bored kumpande.
• Koresha mesh kuba Masonry ukurura kugirango inkoni zagejejwe hagati yamatafari. Kugira ngo inkoni idasimbutse mu gisubizo, ni byiza kujya ku ruhande, nko ku ifoto. Imyambarire nkiyi itunganijwe muri buri murongo.

  

  Muri ubu buryo, urashobora guhuza urukuta murugo namatafari mumaso

Imyambarire imwe igomba kuba hejuru yurukuta rwose. Ibyifuzo Hariho bitandukanye - kure ya CM igera kuri 50 uhereye kubindi cyangwa 4 kuri metero kare.

Niba ugiye gushyira inzu amatafari n'amaboko yawe, hashobora kubaho ibibazo kuri horizontal na vetical of Masonry. Tekinike ikurikira irashobora gufasha icyarimwe igenzura icyerekezo cyose:

• Mu mfuruka z'inzu munsi yinzu no hejuru yo munsi yimvura, amapine maremare afunzwe. Bagomba gukora kuva kurukuta kure, kuruta ubunini bwose bwinyuma.
• Ku mfuruka imwe kuri pin yo hejuru ku ntera ihuye nimpande zinyuma za Masonry, umugozi urahambiriwe kandi wimbitse ku musumari wo hasi.
• Iragenzuwe kandi ihagaritse iragenzurwa, irakosorwa cyane.
• Kandi, intera imwe, insinga zihagaritse ihambiriwe kurundi ruhande rwurukuta.
• Hano hari umugozi utambitse hagati yimigozi ibiri irambuye. Bizabera ikibazo mugihe cyo kurambitse: Birashobora kwimenwa nkurwego rwakazi. Gusa igihe cyose ukeneye kugenzura itambitse ukoresheje urwego.

Ibi byose byavuzwe haruguru ni iy'ibice. Basaba kandi igikoresho gihumeka. Ibintu birasa: Hanze yibikoresho ni bibi cyane kuruta ubuhemu bugenda kuruta iziri imbere. Gusa insinga cyangwa umurongo wa tin kugirango imyambarire ikemurwe muri uru rubanza kugera ku nkombe.

Gushimangirwa cyangwa ntabwo

Muri rusange, gushimangira bituma urukuta ruramba kandi rwizewe. Niyo mpamvu ari byiza kuvugurukira. Ariko biragoye kandi bidindiza Masonry, biganisha ku kuzamuka mu giciro cyakazi (niba Masters yahawe akazi).

Niba ukora, hanyuma umurongo ushimangira ugomba kuba hafi buri murongo wa 5. Nkibishimangira, nshyizemo mesh idasanzwe hamwe na selile ya mm 50-50 cyangwa inkoni ebyiri ndende zo gushimangira hamwe na diameter ya mm 6. Muri icyo gihe, ingano ya Seam iri kumurongo hamwe no gushimangira, bitagomba kuba bimwe.

Inzu ireba amatafari "Live" yafashwe amashusho kuri videwo, tekinike yo kurambara "munsi y'inkoni". Inyanja yabonetse nziza, ariko amazi arasunika, yakiriwe nyuma namatafari. Kubwibyo, ntibishoboka kugenda muri ubu buryo bwa kashe. Bagomba kuzuzwa igisubizo no gukanda mu ndege imwe hamwe nubutaka. Noneho kwinjiza amazi mugihe ikirere kizagabanuka cyane, nubuzima bwa "ubuzima" bwumurongo wamatafari biziyongera. Inzira yubukorikori igaragazwa neza: Igisubizo kijyanye nitonze, ibitonyanga bigwa hejuru bihita bivanga.

Inzu ireba amatafari kuva kuri beerete beto, beto ya beto na gaze-selicate

Urubanza rwa parry rweruye kandi ruruta urw'amatafari. Ni ukuvuga, ibintu bimeze neza: imbere mucyumba hari ibikoresho, byiza birinda. Kubwibyo, kugirango umenye microclimate isanzwe mubyumba nubuzima burebure, icyuho gifatika gisabwa hagati yamatafari hamwe nurukuta hamwe na foam.

Niba ushyize inzu ikozwe muri beto ya Aerates (Bram, gaze) idafite icyuho, ubuzima bwa serivisi bwa serivisi buzagabanuka hafi 60%: Codenstate izateranya kumupaka wibikoresho bibiri. Ku bushyuhe buke, ubuhehere bukonje buzasenya igikonoshwa, buhoro buhoro gusenya ibikoresho byose kandi bikarusha imbaraga kuranga ibintu.

Impinduka zigikoresho cyo guhangana nubutambaro bwonyine hamwe nibiranga

Inyigisho zinyongera zikoreshwa gake cyane, niba zikenewe, amategeko yose ni amwe nko munzu yinzu yimbaho: ubwoya bwabasaga bwarinzwe numuyaga.

Kubijyanye nibiranga iherezo ryinzu kuva kuri beto (gaze-silicate) Soma hano.

Ubunini bwo gukora icyuho gihumeka ni kuva kuri 60 kugeza 150 mm. Umubare wihuza hagati yinkuta zombi: Nibura PC 3 kuri metero kare yubucamanza, igice cyabo cyambukiranya ntabwo kiri munsi ya mm2 kuri 1 M2. Guhuza, urashobora gukoresha imisumari cyangwa imisumari idafite uburebure byibuze mm 120. Ntibafunze kubera ukuri kurukuta, ariko ku mfuruka byibuze 45 °. Urashobora gukoresha gukubita amatsinda hamwe nimpande zombi zatewe imisumari no kubaka, hanyuma imperuka ya kabiri itangizwa mu matafari aho inguni yunamye. Icyitonderwa: Itumanaho ntirigomba gushyirwaho muburebure bwurukuta rukuru. Gusa imisumari imbere yubuso bwinyuma.

Ibyiza byo kurukuta uhereye kuri betote na beto-amatafari - amatafari hamwe no guhumeka

Inzu cyangwa inzu

Guhangana n'amatafari mugihe cyinyubako hamwe no gukoresha Slag ikoreshwa kenshi mugihe ibice bitera urukuta. Bibaho ahanini igihe Isula yagereranije ibikoresho byaryo atangira gusenyuka. Ugereranije, ubuzima bwa serivisi bwabwo ni imyaka 50, bugabanuka niba ubuhehere bw'urukuta rwarazamurwa.

Kumatana amatafari yinzu kuva kuri slaglar (umukomeretse) bizananirwa gusa rwose: bizagabanya kurimbuka, ariko ntibizabihagarika. Igihe cyo gutinda biterwa nuburyo bwibikoresho no mu ngamba zafashwe. Ugereranije, ni afite imyaka 8-15. Utarinze kugisha inama inzobere, ntibishoboka bishoboka: igiciro kinini cyamakosa.

Mubihe byinshi, birasabwa kubaka ikadiri hafi yinzu, yohereza igice cyumutwaro wo hejuru hejuru no gusakara, gusohoza amazi. Kimwe muricyo kiri kurinda inkuta z'imvura yo mu kirere n'amatafari. Amatafari yatoranijwe hamwe namazi make. UREKANA CYANE, MASNORY irashobora kwanduzwa hamwe nibigize hydrophobic (gusa ntabwo ikora firime yubutare). Ntabwo bizaba birenze kandi byinjira hydrophobic mporvamic kurukuta nyamukuru. Kugira ngo ukore ibi, urashobora gukoresha kudashyira mu kanwa k'ubwoko "Penetron" n'amasaruki. Bazakomeza gushimangira ibikoresho kandi bazagabanuka amazi.

Kubyerekeye imyitozo yo kumeneka bishaje amatafari ya videwo.

Kubyerekeye guhitamo abatanga isoko nibiciro

Ibiciro kubikoresho bimwe biratandukanye cyane bitewe n'akarere. Kugirango ushimire neza uko ibintu bimeze, ugomba kuyobora ubushakashatsi bwawe ku isoko: Hamagara cyangwa usure abatanga isoko manini, basura ibyifuzo mukarere. Mugihe cyo guhamagara, ugomba gucura amabuye ya tekinike, shakisha ibiciro. Noneho gereranya ibiranga amatafari, gushushanya.

Ni iki gishobora kugirwa inama: ntugure ibikoresho bihendutse. Niba itandukaniro ryibiciro bigereranijwe ni 15-20%, birashoboka cyane, ni ibisigisigi byumwaka ushize ntabwo ari ibirori byiza cyane. Bitabaye ibyo, reba ikigereranyo cy'igiciro n'ibiranga byavuzwe.

Impuzandengo y'ibiciro muri Moscou ni ibi bikurikira:

• Siyalicate ahanganye n'amatafari - 11-21 mable / PC;
• Ceramic ireba - 18-35 Rables / PC (Igihe cyose 45-65 Rubles / PC);
• Umwenda wa Hyperprestive - 25-31 Rubles / PC;
• Clinker - 27-40 Rubles / PC.

Muguhitamo abatanga bamwe bashoboka, reba ibicuruzwa byabo kugiti cyawe. Isura yoroshye, gushushanya kimwe, nta bice hamwe nindyu ryose - nibyo ugomba kubona.

Hafi y'ubunini bw'ishyaka. Nibyiza kugura byinshi mubikoresho byo guhita bikwirakwiza. Bizafasha kuzigama hafi 10-15%. Bamwe mu batanga ibinyabiziga binini barasabwa kuzana amakamyo aturutse mu ruganda. Birahendutse, kandi birenze urugero ntikugereranywa, bivuze ko hari intambara nkeya.

Ibyiza byo kugura ibyo bagura nabo mubyukuri kuba ishyaka rishobora kuba imwe yemeza uburinganire bwibara. Ibyo ari byo byose, inzu ireba amatafari ikorwa mu bipaki byinshi icyarimwe. N'igicucu gito rero ntizatanga ibibara.

Ingingo ku ngingo: Nigute ushobora gushushanya kuri bone kuri bkoni n'amaboko yawe