Fomuwork ndeye dhizaini yehovo, dzinotungamira uye dzinomira, dzinoshanda kupa kongiri uye yakasimbiswa zvigadzirwa zvemakona. Kana tikataura pamusoro pekuvaka, saka tsika ino inodiwa kana ichizadza hwaro hwemhando ipi neipi, asi zvigadziriso zvikuru zvinodiwa kana iyo yekuvaka monolitiki yakaiswa. Nyorera fomu yekunyorera uye kana uchigadzira inosimbisa mabhanhire mukusimbisa kwemasono emadziro kubva pakuvaka mabhuru. Mune zvivakwa zvimwe chete, bhandi rakasimbiswa rinowanzodiwa kuti vagadzire chigadziko chakasimba chekusimbisa hurongwa hwekudenga. Iyo inoumbwa nerubatsiro rwemberi. Isu tinoda iyi dhizaini uye kana ichidurura madhiri emakona kana kuenderana nechiitiko, nemamwe marudzi ebasa.
Inobviswa uye isingagoneki
Zvinoenderana neiyo sarudzo yekushandiswa, iyo fomu yacho inogona kubviswa (inodonha) uye isiri-inobviswa. Sezvazvakajeka kubva muzita, inobvisa inonzwisisa iyo kongiri inowana simba pamusoro peiyo yakaoma (inenge 50%). Naizvozvo, inogona kushandiswa kakawanda. Zvichienderana nezvinyorwa, iyo kit kit inogona kutsungirira kubva ku3 kusvika ku8 inozadza, sarudzo dzekushandiswa dzinogona kushandiswa nevegumi nemaviri, uye mamwe mapoka.
Inobviswa fomu hofisi yakabviswa mushure mekongiri yakakora 50% simba
Kukundikana kuumbwa kunoita muganho wehwaro. Masisitimu akadaro akatanga kushandisa nguva pfupi yadarika. Vaitei kunyanya veblystyrene foam. Iwo mabhuru emari akasiyana anogadzirwa, ayo akabatana nerubatsiro rwevhudzi uye simbi studs. Kubva pamabandi, seMugadziri, fomu rinodiwa rinodzidziswa.
Kukundikana kuumbwa kunova chikamu cheiyo nheyo - iri zvakare chikamu-nguva insulator
Iyo isiri-inobvisa polystyrene fomu isingapi fomu chete, asiwo panguva imwe chete ichipisa-hydro insulation, zvakare ine midziyo inzwi-inzwi. Zvakakosha zvakanyanya, asi pakarepo unogadzirisa matambudziko mazhinji, uye nguva inoshandiswa pane iyo yedemunzi inoderedzwa zvakanyanya.
Kune imwe mhando yeiyo isina-inobvisa fomuwork - Hollow Concrete Mabhokisi. Ivo zvakare vane akasiyana magadzirirwo - madziro, angular, ne radius, nezvimwe. Ine madziro maviri kana matatu uye madziro akati wandei, akabata madziro mune imwe nzvimbo. Kuenzaniswa neumwe neumwe nemakiyi, akasimbiswa nematanda.
ZVINOFANIRA ZVEFANANIDZO
Sezvo hurongwa hwese hwakasikwa kuti upe chimiro chengarava uye chakasimbiswa kongiri, chinofanira kuve chakakwana uye chakaringana kuramba kudzvinyirira kwehuwandu hwemvura. Nekuti izvo zvigadzirwa zvemabasa emafomu zvinounzwa zvakakura zvinodiwa kune chikamu chesimba. Mukuwedzera, nhoo dzakaunganidzwa dzinofanira kunge dzive neyakajeka uye inotsvedza yemukati: Inoumba madziro esimbiro, uye hydro uye / kana yekudzivirira masisitimu ekushandisa anobva araiwa pavari. Iva iva nyore kutsiga (kanenge kakawanda) nzvimbo.Zvishandiso Zvekugadziriswa Kugadziriswa
Mumasangano ekuvaka, kune zvivakwa zvesimbi zvinounganidzwa pamatanho uye mabheti. Mukuvandudzwa kwekuvanzika, nhovo dzekuvanza dzinogadzira kubva mumapuranga, unyoro rinodzivirira plywood uye op. Mabhawa emapuranga anoshandiswa seanomira uye space. Hapana munhu anovanza kuti agadzirise dhizaini yesimbi, asi inodhura zvakanyanya uye mukushandisa imwe-nguva haina kubatsira.
Munguva yekuvakwa kwekamuri kana nyika imba, mabhodhi akagadzirwa nemapuranga anowanzo shandiswa. Kuberekerwa kunogona kushandisa chero, uye conferous, uye kuneta. Zviri nani kutora chivindi: mhinduro haifanire kufukidzwa kuburikidza nemabasa afomu, uye hazvigoneke kuita izvi nebhodhi isina kuvharwa.
Chii chinoratidzika sezvakaita semu nheyo yeruboshwe mumamiriro ezvinhu
Nekureba kwehukuru, kusvika pamamita 1.5, iyo bhodhi yeiyo fomu inofanirwa kunge iine gobvu yeanosvika makumi mana mm. Shields dzakasungirirwa nechikamu che60 * 40 mm kana 80 * 40 mm brucks. Kana iyo nzvimbo yekureba iri hombe - yakadzika pasi, mabvi akadaro haazove zvakakwana kuti ichengete huwandu hwekongiri. Nekureba kweanopfuura mita, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa bar 50 * 100 mm uye zvimwe. Kwagungano, zvipikiri kana kuzvirongedza pachako zviyero zvinoshandiswa. Kureba kwavo ndeye 3/4 kubva kune huwandu hwakazara hwebhodhi uye bar (yehukuru pamusoro 60-70 mm).
Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Door yegonhi rekare nemaoko avo pachavo: Windowasiti yegirazi hwindo, decoupuge, Cracker (Mufananidzo uye Vhidhiyo)
Gadzira fomu uye plywood. Iko kunyange kunyange yakakosha fomu, pepa rakarambana nemakona ekugadzira. Iyo yekubatira yakawedzera kuramba kune iyo svutugadzike pakati, iyo inoyerera kongiri. Izvi zvezvinyorwa fsf chakanyorwa (uchishandisa formaldehyde glue).
Plywood gobvu refomuwork - 18-21 mm. Nhovo inounganidzwa pane yesimbi kana yemapuranga chimiro. Wooden chimiro chakagadzirwa kubva kubhabhata 40 * 40 mm, fasteners inoda kushandisa ipfupi - 50-55 mm. Kana uchishandisa plywood, zvichave nyore kushanda nekuzvirovera: zvipikiri zvinovharwa zvakaoma.
Kuvakwa kweni nhoo dzekugadzira kubva paPlywood uye OSP
OSB inoshandiswa nechinangwa ichi zvisingawanzo, asi iyi sarudzo inoitikawo. Kukobvu kuri pamusoro peimwe chinhu: 18-21 mm. Zvakarongeka hazvisike kubva plywood nhoo.
Zvidimbu zvezvinhu izvi zvebepa zvakasarudzwa zvichibva pane zviyero zveiyo inodiwa mafomu emafomu emhando - kuitira kuti marara idiki sezvinobvira. Of Servent Purpence Pors haidiwe, saka iwe unogona kutora zvinhu zvakaderera-giredhi, izvo zvinowanzodaidzwa kuti "kuvaka".
Chii chinoita kuti nzvimbo yacho iite kuti nheyo isarudze kusarudza: zvinoenderana nemitengo yezvinhu izvi mudunhu rako. Maitiro akajairwa ndeyehupfumi: Chii chiri kudhura, wobva washandisa.
Fomuwork yeRibbon Foundation nemaoko ako pachako
Iyo yakanyanya kuvhiringidzika - fomuwork kune imwe betheni. Anodzokorora mapoinzi eimba uye ese anotakura madziro kubva kumativi maviri ematepi. Paunenge uchivaka yakawanda kana isina kujairika chivakwa nehuwandu hukuru hwezvikamu, iko kunwa kwemidziyo yezvinhu zvakagadzirwa zvekutanga kwehwaro zvichakanganisika. Kunyanya neakadzika kubatanidzwa kweiyo fundamende.Dhizaini yenguruve uye kubatana kwavo
Paunenge uchiunganidza mafananidzo, zvakakosha kuti uite kuti nhofishiti isingawanikwe: ivo vanozofanira kuchengeta huwandu hwekongiri kusvikira kutuka kunoitika.
Zvidimbu zvezvimiro zvekunyorera ndedzekuchinja uye dzinoenderana nejometry yehwaro. Kureba kwakakwirira kupfuura hurefu hwekureba, kureba kwenhandaro yega yega kwakaitwa kunze kweizvozvo, asi zvinowanzoitika kubva ku1.2 kusvika pamatanho matatu . Kureba kwakazara kweiyo yese fomu yacho inofanira kunge yakave yakave yakarurama pane marongero enheyo (usakanganwa kufunga nezvekodhi).
Ko chimiro chemugove webhayeti chingaiswa sei: tepi tepi yakafira mune zviyero uye mudhorobha
Muchigadzirwa chemabasa emapuranga kubva mumapuranga, cheka zvidimbu zvakati wandei, simbisa nemabhawa uye zvipikiri kana zviyero. Paunenge uchishandisa zvipikiri zvivatarire kubva mukati menyika, pfugama. Nekuzvirovera, zviri nyore kushandisa: Ivo havafanirwe kukotama, nekuti ivo vanopa zvakakosheswa zvisingaenzaniswi zvinhu nekuda kwetambo. Ivo vanosimbiswa kubva mukati menhema (iyo icharongedzwa kumadziro esimbiro).
Yokutanga uye yekupedzisira bara yakabatanidzwa kubva kumucheto uri kure kwe15-20 cm. Pakati pavo, ari kureba kwe80-100 cm, isa zvakare. Kuisa nhungamiro dzakarongeka, zvaive nyore, maviri kana matatu emabhasi (pamwe nemipendero uye pakati) ita 20-30 cm kwenguva yakareba. Ivo vakapinza uye kana vachisanganisa vakaremerwa muvhu.
Fungidziro yekucheka bhodhi nhovo
Nhovo kubva paPlywood kana OSB inounganidzwa pane chimiro kubva kubhawa. Kana gungano, zvakakosha kusimbisa makona. Muchimiro ichi, ndidzo nzvimbo isina kusimba. Iwe unogona kuvasimudzira ivo vachishandisa mambakano esimbi.
Kuisa maFormwork nemaoko ako pachako
Kana nhovo dzakaitwa nemabhawa akati wandei, ivo vanofanirwa kuiswa pamatambo ekurongedza kwakarongedzwa. Iko kuomarara ndiko kuti panguva imwechete izvo zvinodikanwa kuratidza mundege yematirirwo. Zvekugadzirisa, unogona kushandisa iyo yakavhenekerwa nemucherechedzo uye verticals yemazariro. Kana iyo ndege yekumaodzanyemba yakaiswa padyo nemabhawa aya. Vachave vanotsigira, uye vatungamiriri.
Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Kuisirwa kwewindow svutugadzike uye nzvimbo dzakasarudzika pamapurasitiki windows
Shields ine yakarongedzwa transverse bars yakaiswa nyore
Sezvo zasi kwegomba kana gomba rinofanira kunge rakave (riinhizvigadzirire uye rakamanikidza pasi pechikamu), ndokuzoisa nhoo dzakakomberedza dzinofanira kunge dziri chete. Edza kusavabata zvakaoma: zvichave nyore ipapo kuti uenderane. Radzika imwe yemakona kune iyo nhanho yeiyo submetock. Slots haifanire kunge dziri, mhinduro haifanire kuyerera. Kuwana dense yakakodzera, tora danho rekuvaka, shandisa pamwe nenhoo uye nyundo yechipiri kumucheto kwemucheto kusvika pamhepo yakaiswa yakatwasuka. NHEI ISHE SHEATOT YAKAITWA PASI PASI PASI PASI: Vanofanira kunge vari padanho rimwe chete mune imwe ndege.
Kana nhovo dzichigadzirwa pasina mabara marefu, pasi pegomba, parutivi rwonzi rwakafunga kuti ribhoni, bara riripo, rinofanira kusimbiswa. Nhovo dzakabatanidzwa padyo nahwo, ipapo nerubatsiro rwewassiona uye zvimedu zvakatemwa.
Kusimbisa - Splits uye kumira
Kuti urege kuwanda kwekongiri, iyo fomu yacho haina kuparadzaniswa, inofanira kuiswa kunze uye kubva mukati.
Kunze kwakabviswa. Iwo mabhureki anofanira kumira kanosvika kupfuura nemamita. Kunyatsotarisirwa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kumakona: pane zvinomira munzira mbiri. Kana iyo nhoo yekukwira inopfuura mita maviri, ipapo bheti rimwe rinomira zvisina kukwana. Mune ino kesi, pane angangoita maviri matanda emasimba: kumusoro uye akaderera.
Kunze, mafomu anoisa anomira uye kuburitsa pachena uye kuburitswa. Pakukwirira kwakakwirira, ivo vakagadzirwa mumatura akati wandei. Teerera kune gobvu remubhadharo wekutsigira
Izvo zvinodikanwa kudzikamisa kure kure kure nanhasi dzinopesana nhoo. Nechinangwa ichi, stiletts kubva kusimbiswa neyakajairwa ye8-12 mm, magesi akagadzirwa nesimbi uye nzungu zveyakaenderana. MaDRDS akaiswa mumatai maviri: Pamusoro uye pasi, ari kureba kwegumi nemashanu kusvika kumucheto.
Kureba kwezvigadzirwa zvakakura kupfuura 10-15 tepi upamhi. Pane sarudzo mbiri:
- Mumigumo miviri yeshandisirwo, tambo yakatemwa. Ipapo mahwendefa maviri ekuisa simbi esimbi uye nzungu zvichave zvinodiwa kune yega stud.
- Kune rumwe ruoko, iyo pini inokotama uye yakabikwa, tambo yakatemwa neArc. Mune ino kesi, iyo nati inodiwa imwe (mahwendefa achiri maviri).
Iyo chinhambwe chepakati pakati penhovo dzakaenzana neyakagadzirwa nehurefu hwematepi hwakatemerwa uchishandisa zvikamu zvemapepa epurasitiki. Kujekesa kwavo kwemukati kunofanirwa kuve kwakawedzera kukurumidza ukobvu.
Maitiro ekugadzira nzvimbo inopaza mune fomu
Gungano racho rinowanikwa seinotevera:
- Mune nhovo mbiri, gomba refu rekudhirowa rinodhirowa.
- Pakati pavo inoiswa kucheka pombi.
- Stiletto yanga ichiita.
- Mahwendefa esimbi akaiswa (havazotenderi kuti bvudzi rurege kutyora iyo nhoo).
- Nzungu dzakamonyaniswa uye dzakasimbiswa.
Iwe unofanirwa kushanda pamwe chete, uye zviri nani - zvinotyisa. Imwe mukati pakati penhiya ichisimudza machubhu, uye kuti munhu aise mabvumirano uye nekudzvanya nzungu.
Paunenge uchibvisa fomu rekutanga, kutanga spin nzungu uye bvisa bvudzi rerufu, wobva wanyaradza makomo uye unomira. Akasunungurwa, nheyo dzakabviswa. Vanogona kushandiswa mberi.
Maitiro Ekushandisa Zvishoma
Zvakawanda zvezvinyorwa zviri kuenda kugadzirwa kweiyo fomuwork yeTape Base: Shields inoumba tepi yese pamativi ese maviri. Nekudzika kukuru, kunwa kwakakura kwazvo. Ngatimbotii: Zvinoita kuponesa. Ita chete chikamu cheiyo fomu yekugadzira uye upload kwete zvese muzuva rimwe, uye zvikamu. Pasinei nemafungiro akapararira, ichangoda kukanganisa simba renheyo (kana iwe uchiziva zvakavanzika), uye unogona kuchinatsa zvakanaka. Iwe unogona kugovana nheyo kana yakatwasuka, kana yakatwasuka.Zadza matanda
Nezvakadzika zvakadzika, zvinonyanya kubatsira kuita kuzadza zvikamu zvakatwasuka (zvikamu). Semuenzaniso, iyo yakadzika yakadzika 1.4 m. Unogona kupwanya kuzadza mumatanho maviri kana matatu. Pamadha maviri, zvichave zvakafanira kugadzira nhoo nekureba kwe 0.8-0.85 m, pa30- 50-55 cm.
Kana iyo nheyo ine yakadzika yakadzika yekukwira, inogona kudururwa muzvikamu zviviri zvitatu, kupatsanura vertically nehurefu hwakaenzana
Kurongeka kwebasa ndekwekuti:
- Chekuita fomu chinoratidzwa kubva kurufupi nhoo pfupi dzakagadzirwa, Fittings dzinokodzera pane zvese zvaidikanwa vhoriyamu.
- Kongiri inodururwa pakukwirira kweiyo fomu yakagadzirwa.
- Mushure memaawa 7-8 mushure mekuzadza, zvichave zvichidikanwa kutora iyo yepamusoro dura kubva pane yese nzvimbo yebhokisi. Paunenge uchiberekera kongiri, mukaka wetsiva unosimuka. Zvakakwana, zvinova zvisina kusimba uye brittle. Iyi ndiyo danda uye iwe uchafanira kudzima. Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo pamusoro ichave isina kufanana uye yakaoma, uye izvi zvichavandudza kudiwa (kuderedza) neinotevera denderedzwa rekongiri.
- Pamhepo tembiricha ye + 20 ° C, mazuva matatu gare gare, iyo fomu yacho inogona kubviswa, yakachena nhovo uye yakachengetedzeka pamusoro. Kubvisa nhoo, bvisa bvudzi. Mapaipi anogona kusiiwa mukongiri. Ivo vatove chikamu cheMonolith. Dzimwe nguva vanobudiswa, uye maburi anozadzwa nemutumbi.
- Kufumura fomu iri pamusoro uye kudururira zvakare.
Nhovo yacho ingori yakaiswa pane iyo yatove "bata" kongiri, uye inozorora pamucheto weganda, asi watove neimwe nhanho
Paunenge uchiisa yechipiri (uye yechitatu, kana zvichidikanwa) nhurika dzeTier dzakanyatsowanikwa pane iyo yatovhara nzvimbo, inofukidza tepi kubva kumativi kubva kumativi. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo yepasi mutsara wezvidhori zvinowanzoshanda seanomira uye kusimbisa. Naizvozvo, kana vaiswa, vaise vese padanho rimwe chete kubva kumucheto wepazasi kwenguruve.
Armature yatobatana, iyo yemukati maSturs inotemwa. Izvo zvinongogara kungoisa mamwe machubhu kuti udzokere kunzvimbo yebvudzi rebvudzi uye ubudise kunze kwekunze uye kuburitswa. Nguva yekuisa iyo inotevera denderedzwa yeiyo fomuwork haina kunyanya.
Nei nzira yakadaro ichikanganisa simba renheyo? Nekuti kana uchiverenga simba rekongiri haina kukohwa. Anoenda ku "stock." Uye zvakare, iyo mutoro muRibbon nheyo dzinogoverwa padivi rerutivi. Uye pakureba isu hatina kuzorora. Saka hwaro huchamira kwenguva yakareba.
Vertical chikamu
Iyo nzira yechipiri ndiyo yekuparadzwa kwehurongwa hwekutamira. Nheyo inogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri kana zvitatu. Iwe chete iwe unofanirwa kugovana kwete chaizvo "pamwe chete nemutsetse", asi kuparadzira majoini kwechinguva.
Muchivakwa chakasarudzwa kuisirwa, iwe unoisa iyo fomuwork ne "plugs" munzvimbo idzodzo idzo dzakaiswa chikamu chinopera. Mukati meiyo chikamu chakaiswa chakakomberedzwa kusimbisa. Panguva imwecheteyo, matanda ekusimbisa kwenguva refu anofanirwa kuenda kupfuura iwo mafomu anosvika makumi mashanu enjodzi yekusimbiswa anoshandiswa. Semuenzaniso, tsvimbo inoshandiswa 12 mm. Ipapo kusunungurwa kushoma kupfuura iyo fomu yekufomha ichave gumi nemaviri * 50 = 600 mm. Tsvimbo inotevera yakasungirirwa nenyaya iyi, uye imwe mushure memumwe ivo vachapinda aya makumi matanhatu cm.
Chinhu chimwe chakakosha: Kupwanya chirongwa cheimba muzvikamu muzvikamu, zviite kuti "zvidimbu" zadza panguva ino pamazinga akasiyana (ona mumufananidzo).
Iyo nzira yechipiri ndeyekukamuranisa chirongwa chemasaiti akati wandei (muchimiro chavakaiswa nemavara akasiyana)
Dururira chikamu chakaunganidzwa chekongiri. Sezvazviri munzira yapfuura, mushure megumi nomwe * maawa masere zvichave zvichidikanwa kukwira mhinduro, asi yatove pane zvivakwa zvevatambi. Isu tinotora nyundo uye tikabvisa iyo sidewall-plug, tora iyo SEENT-Sandy Solution kune Rubbank (padhuze neyekunyorera ichave iri chikamu chemhinduro isina nzvimbo). Nekuda kweizvozvo, iyo nzvimbo ichave inodhonzwa, iyo yakanaka yekukanda nechikamu chinotevera chemhinduro.
Idzi nzira dzinogona kushandiswa zvakachengeteka mukuvanzika kwekuvanzika: Ivo vanoitwa mukuvakwa kweMonolitiki dzimba dzakawanda-madziro, uye kune vashandi pamadziro emakona uye hwaro husingaenzaniswi.
Kune imwezve hunyengeri. Wese munhu anoti mabhodhi kana phaineur inogona kushandiswa nebasa rebetsero. Mukudzidzira, zvinoitika zvakasiyana: hazvibviri kucheka muchisimbiso muchisimba chehuni kana Paranyu. Uyezve, zvinova zvakasviba uye zvakaoma, uye hazvigoneke kuchenesa uye kupindirisa: hapana zviyo "hazvitore." Saka, kuitira kuti huni (uye plywood, kana isiri-yakagadzirirwa) inoramba yakakodzera, kumberi kwenhoo kwakasimbiswa kwazvo. Izvo zvakagadzirirwa nekuvaka stapler uye mabhureki. Kana ikakanganisika, kutsiva kunotora nguva yakawanda. Iyo fomu yakasarudzika nenzira iyi inopa anenge akanyatsojeka pamusoro pehwaro, iyo inofambisa iyo inotevera basa pane hydro uye kupisa insulting.
Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Yakamiswa Aluminium ceiling ceiling