Mhando dzeMachira - Ndeipi machira, kuiswa kwavo, zita, kuumbwa

Iyo yakakura mhando yemicheka inoongororwa nezviratidzo zvakati:

• mukuumbwa;
• Nenzira yeTave;
• nekugadzwa;
• kwemwaka;
• Kupedzisa.

Zvese zvinhu zvakarukwa pamusoro pekuumbwa kwemasumbu zvakakamurwa kuita zvekunyepedzera, zvakasanganiswa uye zvakasikwa. Yokutanga inogadzirwa chete kubva kuSynthetic zvinhu, yechipiri - sanganisa zvisikwa zvakasarudzika uye zvekunyepedzera, yechitatu - yakarukwa yakazara kunze kwemasumbu echisikigo.

Kazhinji kazhinji, machira echisikigo uye akasanganiswa anoshandiswa kuti agadzirwe uye zvinhu zveimba. Boka rezvishandiso kubva kumachira echisimba vanosanganisira mhando dzakadai:

• Silika;
• machira;
• Woolen;
• Machira.

Zita rezvishandiso zvingave zvakafanana, uye kuumbwa kwemucheka kwakasiyana zvachose . Izvi zvakatsanangurwa nenyaya yekuti zvinyorwa zvinowanzotaurwa nezvenzira yeiyo weave, uye iyo yakafanana inoshandiswa inoshandiswa kune ese marudzi ezvinyorwa zvisina mbichana.

Funga nezve izvo zvipfeko zvinobva mumachira echisikigo.

Silk Boka

Iro zita remachira uye yavo yakatsanangurwa maitiro inogona kuonekwa mucolumn yedu "kubva kuZ". Izvo zvakakodzera kusiyanisa zvakasikwa uye kushusha silk, sezvo boka iri rinosanganisira zvigadzirwa kwete kubva pakachena chete silika, asiwo kubva pakavhenganiswa uye zvakazara zvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa. Uyezve, chidimbu chembiru kubva pamakemikari fibles chinopfuura 90%. Izvi zvakabatana kwete chete nekufambira mberi mune indasitiri yemiindaniso, asi zvakare nemutengo wakakwira wezvakasikwa silika.

Hunhu hwesimbi tishu hunowanzogumira kurondedzerwa kwechitarisiko. Izvo zvinyorwa kubva kuSilk yarns zvinonyanya kutaridzika: inobhururuka uye inofashukira muzuva, mwenje, yakapfava uye inofadza pakubata. Uye zvakare, silika ine yakakwira utilitarian zvivakwa: hygromcopicity, yakaderera shrinkage, yakaderedzwa. Izvi zvakareruka, elastic uye inosimba nyaya.

Kugadzirwa kweiyo silik yemucheka ndeyekuti nguva inodhura-inodhura-inodhura, saka zvisikwa zvakasikwa zvine mutengo wakakura uye unokosheswa kwazvo mumusika. Zvishandiso zvemberi zve silika tambo im cocoons ye liner silkworm. Kutanga, iyo shiri dzakakura, iyo mavhiki mashoma anogona kubhururuka mabhonzo. Ipapo vanodzikiswa mumvura inovira uye nekunyatsosunungura. Inotsanangura tambo yero yero yero.

Zvekugadzira silika, mhando dzakadai dzewave dzinoshandiswa:

• Satin. Zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa neWave zvakanziwo chinonzi Satin, chine matte online uye kumeso chaiko nekubwinya. Iko kusawiririsa ndiko kuwedzera ramp uye kutsvedza netambo. Atazasi, Satina anowanikwa nemisangano yakasiyana-siyana yeSatin weave.
• Rineni. Iyi nzira inokutendera kuti ugadzirise iyo tishu density nekuwedzera huwandu hweshini pane inch. Zvavari zvimwe, iyo yakawanda dense nyaya inosvika pakubuda. Zita rePlain Weave Fabrics: Tightness, Crepe-Gear, Chiffon, Tula.
• Sarthen. Iyo tambo dzinopindirana neAsymmetric chinja, saka diagonal diki rutter inoonekwa pachena mukati medu kumberi. Yaishandiswa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemwenje, mucheka wemubhedha nemubhedha.
• Mugadziri mudiki. Inotorwa kubva kumhando huru dzeWave. Inopa zvinhu mumidziyo, diagonal kana "muti weKisimusi".
• Yakakura. Iro zita rakakurumbira remachira eakakura-chiyero weave - Jachard. Yayo tkut pamachina anokosha ane zvirongwa zvemakomputa. Inotsvakesa zvinhu nemapatani emhando dzakasiyana siyana.
• Zvakasanganiswa. Iko kusanganiswa kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dze tave inokubvumira iwe kuvandudza mamwe maitiro ematehwe.

Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Spiderman kunze kweyekuita danho nedanho: Master kirasi nemapikicha uye vhidhiyo

Kupedzisa uye ruvara rwekushongedza silk machira anogona kubikwa, hutsinye, zvakanyorova, zvakazara, zvakadhindwa, zvakadhindwa, zvakabikwa uye mulminated.

Kwakaenda, Silk yakakamurwa kuita subgroups: Madhiragi, lining, fenicha uye kushongedza, technical, vorema, zvipfeko uye blouse.

Cotton boka

Iyo nhoroondo yemucheka wekotoni haina chero makore churu. Pakati peino nguva, mhando yematehwe yakawedzera kune zviuru gumi zvemazana. Zvinyorwa zvakagoverwa kwazvo zvezvivakwa zvakadai:

• hygrapic;
• mutengo wakaderera;
• kuramba kupfeka;
• kupfava;
• Ecology.

Lacks yekotoni idhigirii rakakwira rekufemerwa uye kuderera. Kuti ubvise izvi zvisungo, zvishandiso zvekushandisa izvo zvinoitwa kana zvakasanganiswa nedzimwe machira, kusanganisira kuyananisa.

Machira kugadzirwa kunotanga nekuunganidza mabhokisi. Pane izvi, iyo machira ekotoni anozobviswa, iyo ichave hwaro hweshindi. Kureba mafambiro, zviri nani zvinyorwa zvichave. Machira ekotoni anocheneswa uye akachengetedzwa. Ipapo tambo dzakagadzirwa navo. Iyo tishu density inoenderana nekukora uye nzira yeiyo yakasimba ye tambo.

Makotoni tambo anocheneswa kudzivirira kupaza uye simba zvinowana. Mufekitori inosemesa, machira pachayo anogadzirwa zvakananga. Mazhinji emarudzi anogadzira huwandu hwekotoni tishu, tkut nemucheka werineni uye majera ayo. Jacquard, yakanaka uye mamwe marudzi eWave anoshandiswawo. Pakutanga, iyo canvas ine ruvara rwechena nekuda kwekujekesa. Mushure mekucheneswa kubva kuGlue, zvinyorwa zvinopendwa kana kudhirowa pikicha kana iwe uchifanira kuwana mucheka wacho uine prabhi. Ipapo machira anogona kuwedzera maitiro.

Nekugadzwa, matipi ekotoni akapatsanurwa kuita imba uye technical. Kune mapoka 17 ezvinyorwa zvekotoni: nguo, jira, jira, kupfeka, fenicha, kuora, botso, satina, gauze, kurongedza uye technation tishu.

Sitters anogadzirwa nemucheka weka. Icho chinhu chakarongeka-cheturu kana machira ane maitiro akawanikwa nekutakura.

Calcuse - zvimwe zvinyoro-nyoro uye coarse mucheka nekuda kwekushandiswa kweiyo thicker tambo . Inowanikwa nemucheka weka. Izvi zvisikwa zvinoiswa pasi pekusimba kwakasimba kuti uvandudze kuramba kupokana nekutsvagira.

Satina tkut satin kana satin weave. Kumeso kumeso. Aya marudzi emachira anowanzo kuve anoenderana nekutaurirana. Uku kurapa kwemakemikari kwetambo kunovaita kuti vakuwedzerei, vakapfava uye vanopenya.

Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: machira canvas: kuumbwa, chimiro, zvivakwa (mufananidzo)

Iyo inonyanya kunzwisisika ndeyekugadziriswa kwekotoni tishu yemwaka yemwaka. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune boka rekupfeka. Inosanganisira iyo inotevera mhando:

• Demi-mwaka. Kugadzirwa nemachira kunoitwa nemucheka, sarrenchy uye zvakaringana kugadzira kuverenga. Kune demi-mwaka mwaka, uremu hukuru hwemachira, hwakasimbiswa chimiro, ukobvu uye simba ndezvehunhu. Iro zita rematehwe eiyi subgroup anowanzoenderana nemazita emakushe emumvuri. Demi-mwaka unosanganisira Plaid, Crepe, Taffeta, Poplin, Garus, Wrestiaan, Peak nevamwe.
• Zhizha. Kazhinji kazhinji inyaya yemwenje yechiedza chechiedza. Inoshandiswa kupindirana: rineni, jakaradhi, rakabatanidzwa. Iyo mhando yemachira ezhizha inosanganisira: Label, Batter, chifukidzo, perkal nevamwe vazhinji.
• Chando. Izvi zvinowanzove mucheka nepamhepo kana kukwira. Iyo yakadzika nzvimbo uye iyo yakawedzera tishu density inowanikwa nekuda kwekushandiswa kweiyo otcillating filments. Iyi subgroup inosanganisira mazita akadai: Flannel, bhasikoro, pepa.

Tambo tambo inogona kuitwa ese maviri dense uye mutete machira. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana uye kushandiswa kwetambo dzevakakomberedzwa kwakasiyana kukubvumidza iwe kuti uwane chifukidzo chevhu uye bhasikoro rinodziya. Iro zita remachira rinowanzoenderana nemazita ezvishandiso kubva silika, makushe kana firakisi.

Woolen Boka

Iyo huwandu hweboka iri rinosanganisira machira akagadzirwa nemakushe emhuka. Zvigadzirwa zvine 100% zvirimo zvezvisikwa zvezvisikwa zvinoonekwa zvakanatswa, asi zvinowedzera zvimwe zvigadzirwa uye tambo dzinobvumidzwa. Kugadzirwa nemurazvo kunoitwa kubva kumakwai, mbudzi uye nemakushe enguruve.

Iyo huru midziyo yemasokisi mwero kugona kugona kuchengetedza kupisa. Izvo zvakashata ndezvekuwedzera guruva, kuunganidzwa kwemagetsi emagetsi, matambudziko nekubvuta uye kusona zvigadzirwa, zvinodiwa mukutarisira.

Iyo huru yekukatyiswa kwemakushu emamodhi inoitwa zvinoenderana nerudzi rwe rarn yakashandiswa uye nzira yekugadzira. Midziyo yakakamurwa yakakamurwa mumhando dzakadaro dzakakosha:

• Kammbol. Isu tinogadzirwa kubva kune ring. Kugadzirwa kweiyo weave yakavhurika. Iri jira rakatetepa rakawanikwa nemucheka, Sarentey, Fasteners, Jacquard Weave. Boka reCamscreen rakakamurwa kuita matatu subgroups: Mapfekero (crepe), chipfeko (chevyotes, trco, mabhomba, crepons) uye palp (gabardines, cornecuthots).
• Thinoconne. Kugadzirwa nemachira kunoitwa kubva kuHardware Tete Yarn. Iyi imbamba ine murwi unovhara dhizaini yeiyo weave. Zvinosekesa, twine, fineware uye multlayer chinhambwe chinoshandiswa. Iyi subgroup inosanganisira mapfekero, chipfeko uye palp machira (mahrapes, jira). Mune vanhu, zvinhu zvakaonda-zvitupa zvinonzi machira machena rabha. Iyo tishu density inoita kuti zviome kudhirowa uye kucheka.
• Coarse-ropa. Fambisa kubva kune gobvu hardware yarn. Kazhinji kazhinji zvakarasuka, dense uye marara machira. Inoshandiswa kusona mafambiro.

Linen Subgroup

Machira emachira ane simba rakakwirira, hygroscopicity, inovharidzira kubatana uye kuramba kupfeka. Zvinokanganisika - Kubviswa uye kuomerwa nekushongedza. Flax inoshandiswa kugadzirwa kwemubhedha uye tafura yemucheka, zvipfeko zhizha.

Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Master kirasi paGore Nyowani Muti weBeads yeVatambi: ScHEME YOKUDZIDZA NEPHOTO uye Vhidhiyo

Pakugadzwa kwefirakisi, ivo vakakamurwa kuita imba uye technical tishu. Technical inosanganisira zvinhu zvekugadzira mabhegi, kurongedza, canvasi uye inovhara. Zvivakwa zveMimba zvakakamurwa mumhando dzinotevera:

• Zvipfeko uye chipfeko. Yakagadzirwa, kazhinji hafu-yakaiswa. Yakagadzirwa nemucheka, yakanaka kwazvo kana yakasanganiswa kupindirana.
• Kuderera. Nyorera kugadzirwa kwekati, mubhedha uye nomucheka wepafura. Mhando huru dzeWeave - Jachard, Rinen uye Yakasanganiswa.
• Fanicha-yekushongedza. Pustor uye fenicha machira ezvakashata weave. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, identhu nehuremesi ine nzvimbo yakarongedzwa (geometric, fantasy patterns kana rutter).
• Tauro. Izvi zvinosanganisira Jachard, waffles, terry uye satin tauro.
• Yakakosha. Jira rakapetwa remachira, rakazara.

Iro zita remachira kubva kuFlax rinowanzoitika nekotoni uye silika zvinhu. Akasarudzika: Barist, tick, calicar, tapestry, rogozha, Vison nevamwe.

Kubva kusanganiswa uye synthetic yakaomeswa zvigadzirwa

Zvinoshandiswa zvinowanzogadzirwa zvinogadzirwa, kusanganisa mhando dzakasiyana dzemitezo. Indasitiri yeChidaya inogamuchira machira kubva pane maviri musanganiswa wezvakasikwa tambo uye zvekunyepedzera.

Iko kugadzirwa kwesimbi matishu mune mazhinji zviitiko zvinosanganisira kuwedzerwa kwemakemikari maficha kune zvakasikwa zvinhu zvisikwa. Kuita zvakasiyana-siyana silika sarudzo, machira, mvere, viscose, kaprose, lavsan, acetate uye akaitisa machira, polypropylene nevamwe vazhinji vanoshandiswa.

Kana uchisarudza zvinhu, zvakakodzera kufunga kuti kushandiswa kweshandisirwo yemachira ekuisa anopa zvakanyanya, kwakashata uye kurema silika. Kubva pamatombo echisikigo, zvinobatsira kukwirira kupfeka kupokana, chiedza dhizaini uye kusimba. Zvinokuvadza - Kusimbiswa kwakasimba uye kuratidzwa kuderera.

Synthetetic Silika imuchina inoremerwa isina kupwanywa, haipe shrinkage, haidi kutarisirwa kwakawanda uye kuchengeta fomu iri zvakanaka. Asi silk yekunyepedzera haina kunyatsobvisa uye inoputira zvinyoro-nyoro, yakaoma mukubvuta uye kusona.

Cotton yakasanganiswa nemafuta ekugadzira kuti awane zvinyorwa zvine pese conser zvivakwa. Loveva, conron, viscose, kana kuti vamwe vanowedzerwa kune zvakasikwa zvisikwa zvinhu. Kubva pane yakasanganiswa fibers, chipfeko uye maPalp machira anowanzogadzirwa. Tkutur nemucheka wavo, Sarentel uye diagonal weave. Kumusoro kwakakoshwa, kwakashongedzwa, rutters kana sero. Zvikamu zvacho zvakanyanyisa: Jeans, rep - Sarza, diagonal, moleskin, jira, suede, nezvimwe.

Hafu-mvere dzemakumbo anogadzirwa nekuwedzera kwekotoni fibers, Flax, Viscose, capron, lava, nitron, polypropylene. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti utore zvinyorwa zvekuwedzera-kupfeka uye zvinopisa nhoo. Makemikari emakemikari ane mhosva yechando chitarisiko uye maitiro eanticatatic.

Flax inosanganiswa nemakemikari fibers kubvisa kuomarara, kuderedza kuwanda uye kuderera, kuvandudza kugona kwedhirowa. Nyorera viscose, lavsan, kapron. Kuchenesa firakisi inzvimbo yekushongedza yemucheka, saka iyo kotton yarn inowanzowedzerwa kuti ideredze.