Gasi-kongiri block chinhu chivakwa chivakwa chine chimiro chekunze. Iyo inogadzirwa kubva papendeti, mvura, yakapwanywa lime, jecha uye dombo remvura, uye aluminium poda inowedzerwa sechinhu chinogadzirwa gasi. Akasarudzika kongiri inogadzirwa chete pamidziyo yakakosha mufekitori. Izvo zvinokwanisika kuvaka imba kubva kudenderedzwa kongiri.
Dzimba kubva kuEnated Concrete Blocks - Pluses uye Cons
Akashandurwa kongiri inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumatunhu akasiyana siyana mukuvakwa kwenhandare yeindasitiri nedzimba. Iyo ine uremu hwakadzika (husingasviki 30 kg), uye makumi matatu zvidhinha zvinogona kutsiva zvidhinha makumi matatu. Vaka imba kubva kudenderedzwa concrete mabhuru uye maoko ako.
Hunhu Hunakanaka:
- Kutenda kune iyo mhepo-pous chimiro, iyo gasoblock ine yakanaka kupisa uye soundproof zvivakwa;
- yakagadzirwa kubva kune isina-inokambaira zvikamu, fireproof;
- ine chando chakanyanya kupokana uye hupenyu hwakareba hwebasa;
- Pane zvinodiwa zvakatipoteredza, kubviswa kongiri inoonekwa seyakachengeteka;
- Izvo hazvisi pasi pekutenderera, kuumbwa kweumbi, sezvo kwakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvemaminerari zvisina kunaka;
- Izvo zviri nyore kugadzirisa, zviri nyore kuvaka imba ye chero dhizaini uye kugadzira gonhi kana windows loos;
- Nekuda kwehuremu hwakadzika, kushandiswa kwekusimudza maitiro hakufanirwe;
- Kwete pasi pekuparadza kubva kune Ultraviolet riys uye kunyorova;
- Kupisa mukati, kana uchipiswa nezuva, imba yacho mukati haina kunyanyisa kutsamwa, uye munguva inotonhora haina kufamba;
- Kupedzisa kwekunze kana kuwedzera kuwedzeredzwa kuitwa kunoitwa zvichienderana nenzvimbo diki uye hakusi kwekumanikidzwa.
Iyo yekupisa-inodzivirira zvinhu zvinoenderana nemadziro kurira uye iyo mhando yeakanyorwa kongiri. Nekudaro, kushandiswa kweiyo D600 yuniti neyakaipamha kwe20 cm ine chiratidzo che0,71 w / m · k, 0,45 w / m · k, 0.34 w / m · k. Kana iyo D400 Brand inoshandiswa: 20 cm - 0.50 w / m · k, 0,31 w / m / 40 cm - 0.25 w / m / m · k.
Hunhu husina kunaka:
- Hygroscopic - haina kukurudzirwa kushandisa zvidhinha zvekuvakwa kweSauna, imba yekuba kana yekugezera isina imwe vaporoti.
- Adered kongiri kongiri, kunge chero chimwe chezvinyorwa zvebwe, zvinoda hwaro hwakasimba kuitira kuti hurongwa hachiitike;
- Mashandiro emabasa akaoma, sezvo iyo yakashongedzwa kongiri ine nzvimbo yakatsiga, iyo inoda kuwedzera kune peva solution;
- Zvekusimbisa, zvakakosha zvemafuta zvinodiwa.
Nekuvaka kwakazvimirira, imba yekongiri kongiri inogona kuwedzerwa nehurongwa hwekuvaka nekuda kwekushanda kwayo nyore. Uye zvakare, gasi zvidhinha muhukuru zvidhina zvidhori, saka, 1 m2 hazvidi zvinopfuura maminitsi makumi maviri.
Seti yezvishandiso zvekuvaka
Usati waenderera mberi nekuvakwa kweimba yekongiri yakashongedzwa, iwe unofanirwa kugadzirira zvese zvishandiso zvinodiwa uye zvekuvakisa zvekuvaka. Kuti ugove nechikamu chega chega chekuvaka chichazodiwa:- tambo yekumaka mateni, roulette;
- shangu, scrap, kirk inodiwa kuti Earsworks;
- Hagaw Ivo vanoshandiswa panguva yegedoblock kurara;
- Mapuranga ekuparadza uye matani, anocheka, ngano, llushes, spatulas, vest - nyorera gadziriso uye kupedzisa mabasa;
- Strokesis yakagadzirirwa kuomesa makomba pasi pekuisa kusimbiswa uye wiring;
- Magetsi anoshanda kunwa zvakadzika madhora;
- Electrode nekorona yekukwevera maburi ekukwira uye zvigadziko.
Akasarudzika kongiri inogadziriswa zvakanaka nezvinhu zviri nyore. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kushandisa zvishandiso zvakapusa, unogona kukurumidza uye wakadzika-emhando yepamusoro maruva. Zvakare nerubatsiro rwechisere chaiwo chisel, unogona kuita nyore nyore kupera kwekushongedza.
Nzvimbo yekuisa
Kutanga kwekutanga kwebasa rekuvaka pane iyo saiti kuri madikanwa kuisa driveway ine ruzha rukuru, zvekuti hapana matambudziko ezvinyorwa zvekufambisa uye zvishandiso zvakakosha mune ramangwana. Nzvimbo yeimba yemangwana inocheneswa nezvinhu zvisina basa uye marara.
Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Wallpaper Wallpaper miviri miviri: Mufananidzo, maitiro ekuranga akasiyana, zvedzidzo sarudzo, mafuro akanaka, mazano, gadzira zvimiti, mavara, vhidhiyo
Urongwa hunokweverwa nemiganhu yenzvimbo dzakavakidzana dzakatarisana neimba nenzvimbo kune zvivakwa zvehupfumi. Nekubatsirwa kweRoulette, Peg netambo yakaisa nzvimbo pasi pekuvakwa kwechivako. Mbambo dzinovharwa muvhu mumakona eparutivi, uye tambo yakatambanudzwa pakati pavo. Makumbo emagetsi ekunze eimba anoitwa nekudzokera kubva pakateyiwa yakatambanudzwa kusvika pahupamhi hwenzvimbo yeramangwana, akatambanudza mukufananidza tambo yake. Kuti utarise nyonganiso yeiyo perimeter inotambanudza tambo diagonally.
Isu tinogadzirira trenches
Pamberi pegondo redhaka, zvakakodzera kuti uone mhando yevhu panzvimbo yeramangwana kumba. Ivhu rinogona kunge riri stonly chaizvo, rinoita kuti zviome kuparadza ma trenchches, kana zvinopesana, sandy, saka pane mukana wekuputika kwaro. Inofanira kuverengerwa pakadzika uye upamhi hwetauro huchacherwa. Kana paine zvimedu kana makomba nemiti inokanganisa nzvimbo yekuvaka, ivo vanodzurwa, kana kufambisa kuvaka kuri kuuya. Kubviswa kwemuti muhombe kunogona kuve kwakadhura uye kwenguva refu.Kamuri trench
Iwe unogona kuchera turm yega - nerubatsiro rwefoshoro, kana kuchera chibereko. Kana nyika yakazvimba pasi pegomba, inoshambidzwa, nekuti kunyange panguva yekukomberedza ichasununguka. Kudzika kwegomba kunoenderana nedanho rekusunungura, upamhi huri 70-80 cm, kana rakaenzana nehupamhi hwechinyakare (iro gomba riri pasi peMonolithic slab). Kana ivhu rakasunungurwa uye rakaoneka, wozoisa nhovo kubva pamapuranga. Pazasi pegomba ita kuti itsvina yejecha rejecha, ukobvu 15-20 cm., Zvakanaka kuna typer.
Isu tinowana hwaro
Tepi kana monolithic hwaro hunogadzirwa pasi pegasi-kongiri imba. Iko kusarudzwa kwenheyo yaunoda kunoenderana nehunhu hwehunyanzvi hwevhu nevakawanda kugona. Maitiro ebasa anogona kugoverwa kune nhanho:- Isu tinogadzira mafomu.
- Isa kusimbisa;
- Durura kongiri.
Kuisa fomu fomu
Iyo fomuwork inzvimbo kubva pamapuranga, nhovo, dzivhara zvinhu pasi pekuzadza kongiri. Kune marudzi maviri: Inobviswa - mushure mekuoma mhinduro yanyongorwa, uye isingazivikanwe - inoramba iri yekuwedzera yekuwedzera intermal insulation.
Iyo inoburitsa fomu yekukasira inovakwa kubva kuWorstyrene Polystyrene Foam, Arbolit kana cerrzite kongiri. Imwe neimwe yezvinhu zvine zvazviri zvese zvakanaka uye zvisina kunaka zvivakwa.
Usati waisa fomuwork zvidhinha pazasi pegomba, iyo mvura yemvura kana yakasimbiswa firimu. Shanda pane kugadzirira mafomu anogadzira kubva pakona, famba uchitenderedza perimeter, kuvaradzika mune cheki yekuongorora. Kana paine kubatanidza grooves mumabhuruku, ipapo ivo vanofanirwa kunge vari pamusoro. Kuisa kuisirwa kunoongororwa pane tambo yakatambanudzwa uye nhanho.
Garai Fittings
Usati waisa yekutanga mutsara wetepi fomu (renje redhi dzakakodzera mumakiromita uye unomhanyisa newaya. Yakaiswa vertical kumashure kusimbiswa uye kubatanidza kutwasuka. Mushure mekureba kwaunoda kusimba kweiyo fomu yekufemerwa inovakwa, kusimbiswa kwatemwa.Zadza kongiri
Iko kuzadza kwekongiri kuri nani mumamiriro ekunze akaoma uye asiri-asina kukwana kuti urege kusunungurwa kana kubuda kwemucheto kubva kumhinduro. Kugadzirira mhinduro kongiri, inodikanwa kuti ishandise yakakwirira-mhando centra Brands m400 kana M500. Jecha rakanyorerwa pasina kusvibiswa kwenyika neivhu, rwizi rwizi. Mvura inofanira kunge yakachena, kwete chlorinated. Mahombekombe makuru anokodzera ibwe rakapwanyika.
Chiyero cheSimbeni kujecha - 1: 4, kuna marara - 1: 2, kumvura - 1: 0.5. Kana jecha rakanyorova rashandiswa, saka huwandu hwemvura hunoderera.
Pakupisa kweMinus kuti ubvise kusunungurwa kwemhinduro, plasticze inowedzerwa. Kana imba diki ikavakwa, ipapo inogona kushandiswa kumutsa kongiri kongiri, uye ine nzvimbo yakakura yekuzadza hwaro iri nani kushandisa iyo yapera musanganiswa wapera. Izvo zvinodikanwa munzvimbo yakadaro kuve nekukwana kuzadza iyo nzvimbo yese panguva. Iyo kongiri yemafashama inoitwa neVIBRotambovka kuti ubvise kusarongeka uye kugovera musanganiswa.
Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Maitiro ekuisa iyo pamusoro pekukiya pamusuwo wehuni
Isu tinovaka madziro
Iko kushandiswa kweakanyorwa kongiri sechinhu chekuvaka kwemadziro kunotendera iwe kuti uwane zviratidzo zvakanaka muSimba uye chivakwa chekuvaraidza. Blocks yakaremerwa uye ine saizi yakakura, inobvumira iwe kuvaka madziro eimba nenzvimbo ye150-200 m2 chete 1-1.55 mwedzi. Basa rekuvaka rinogona kukamurwa kuita matanho akati wandei:- rara mutsara wekutanga;
- Isa iyo 2nd uye 3rs mitsara;
- Kugadzirira kwewindows uye windows;
- vanosvetukira pamahwindo newindowses;
- Armopoyas Inter-Storey.
Isu tinoisa mutsara wekutanga
Isu tinobvisa marara, guruva uye nemvura mvura kubva kumusoro kwehwaro. Takariisa mumadziro eparutivi uye emumba. Kuisa kusimbisa kuri nani kusatora, asi musasa.
Zvekuverenga kwemutsara wekutanga, mongororo yemument inoshandiswa, sezvo kumusoro kwehwaro hakuitike zvakatsiga. Iko kushandiswa kwemusanganiswa kuchabatsira kuenzanisa zvese zvisina kujairika, zvakanyatsoisa mafuta-concrete zvidhinha.
Iko kushoma kwakatanzana kweiyo coment moter layer is 1 cm, saka inofanirwa kuona iyo yepamusoro kona pane hwaro uchishandisa iyo nhanho. Kubva kwaari uye tanga kuisa gasi zviuno, zvichiramba zvichireva kupupurira. Zviite mushure mega kwega.
Iko kusimbisa kunoitwa mukati meimba yose uye pamadziro mukati maro, kusakanganwa kuganhurira kunyange chikamu. Izvo zviri nyore kushandisa gasi zvidhinha nekumhanyisa "groove-ridge" - zviri nyore kuisa uye kuvashandura. Zvakare nekureruka uye kuponesa nguva mallets nemabhuru akaiswa mukati mekuvakwa.
Gadzira iyo 2nd uye 3rs mitsara
Usati waisa mutsetse mutsva wegasi matsime, pamusoro peiyo yapfuura inofanira kupukutwa nekupukuta. Izvi zvinoitwa kuti ubatanidzwe zviri nani zve glue pakati pemabhuruku, sezvazvinoshandiswa mune chete 0.5-0.7 cm.
Mutsetse wechipiri wakaradzikwa kubva pakona nehafu yekuvhara (kanokwana 8 cm) kuitira kuti seam kubva kugedoblocks haina kuwirirana neyepfuura. Iyo glue inoshandiswa uchishandisa dosi ngoro kana bhakiti rakakosha nemachira. Mabheti egasi anoiswa padhuze sezvinobvira kune mumwe nemumwe, kana zvichidikanwa, shandisa nyundo yerabha. Basa rinofanira kuitwa nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, sezvo glue yakabatwa mushure memaminitsi gumi nemashanu. Pakudziya kweminusi kusvika -15 c shandisa glue neakakosha anowedzera.
Uye isa zvidhinha zvemitsara yechitatu uye inotevera. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti ugare uchitarisa nyanzvi yezvakarongedzwa gasi. Kudhara kwakashongedzwa kongiri kune iyo nzvimbo yemasuo emangwana kana windows, hazviiti nguva dzose kuvaisa kuitira kuti vasataure muPereff. Nechinetso ichi, zviri nyore kutsungirira nerubatsiro rwechinhu chakajairwa hally nemeno akareba. Nekuti kurara kwakadzama, kona inokosha inoshandiswa.
Kugadzirira kwemadziro pasi pewindows uye windows
Kuita kusimbiswa kwewindows Ongororo inoda mutsara mumwe pazasi pewindo remangwana. Izvo zvinodikanwa kusimbisa madziro apo hwindo richava. Nekuti izvi, pane maviri marefu marefu pakureba kwemadziro. Iwo mahwanda anofanirwa kuve akakura kudivi rega ne30 cm windows windows. Kusimbiswa kwacho kwakatwasirwa uye kwakadururwa nekement dol. Kuwedzera kuisirwa kweiyo yakagadziriswa concrete block inoitwa pane glue, mune chaiyo yekuraira, ichitora account newindows uye musuwo.Kugadzira kusvetuka kwemahwindo nemikova
Pamusoro pemusuwo newindows zvigadziriso zvinodikanwa kuti uise kusvetuka saka kuti madziro kukwevera kwakaitika. Unogona kuita izvi munzira dzinoverengeka:
- Sarudzo yakapusa ndeyekutenga yakagadzirira.
- U-yakaumbwa yakavezwa concrete block inogona kushandiswa. Pamusoro pemukova kana kuvhurwa kwewindow kunogadzirwa kubva kubhodhi repashure. Nhamba inodiwa yeU-yakaumbwa mageblocks glue pamwe chete uye yakaiswa munzvimbo yaunoda. Mukati memabhuru anoiswa pane kusimbiswa uye akadururwa nehombodo yemuti.
- Nyaradzo mafuta-concrete inovhara glue uye stroke 3 refuitutenal mitsara mavari. Isa kusimbisa uye kudira iyo simumumumumini-sandy musanganiswa. Ivo vanopa kuoma kwemaawa makumi maviri nemana. Ivo vanoisa kusvetuka kwakadaro pane iyo yekuona haina kukura kupfuura 1 mita uye kusimbiswa pasi.
Iwo mapundu ari pakati pemadziro uye anosvetuka anoiswa nematombo egasi emifananidzo yavanoda.
Armopoyas Kushambadzira
Armopopis idare remakonzo akasimbiswa, akazadzwa pakati pemabhuruku. Isu tinodikanwa kuti tipe simba rekugadzira madziro ese madziro uye kuiswa kweMauerlat.
Chinyorwa pane iyo nyaya: Machira mumba yekurara: Ruvara, dhizaini, marudzi, machira, masimbi, masitaera, makumi mapfumbamwe emapikicha
Pamhepo yemadziro emadziro ekunze, zvidhinha zvegesi zvinoiswa, gumi cm mizhinji, kugadzira fomu fomu. Mune nzvimbo inokonzerwa pakati pemabhuru inokodzera kusimbiswa uye yakadururwa nemhinduro.
Nekuti kukwira Mauerat muArmopoyas vertically concrete kusimbisa tsvimbo nedanda rakamiswa pavari. Studs yakaiswa kure kure kwe1-1.5 m kubva kune mumwe nemumwe.
Denga
Pamadziro eArmopoyas, iyo zvinhu zvemvura zvakadururwa uye mauerlat (matanda ekutsigira) anocherwa. Iyo yakabatanidzwa kune vhudzi ne nzungu. Pamakona ekugadzirwa, mabara ekutsigira anosimbisa nemabhureki emabhururuka. Kusimbisa kunoitwa, ndiko kuti, muupamhi hwekuvaka hwakachinja mabara anotapurirana. Kupfuura nekureba kweimba, 2 mitsara yeBruusyev (lezenny) yakagadziriswa kuitira kuti ivo vari kure kure kubva kune mumwe nemumwe uye kubva mumicheto. Semuenzaniso, kana upamhi hweimba ndechegumi, ipapo kureba kuchava 3.3 m.
Pane zvigadzikiso nerubatsiro rwemabhureki, makona kana zvipikiri zvakaiswa zvimedu zvemapuranga emapuranga ari kure ne22.5 m. Ivo vakaiswa pakatarisana nemativi ese maviri. Nezvisungo zviri nani, pamusoro pemakanda akaenzana neupamhi hwedenga hunosimbiswa. Wobva wasvitswa pahuni yemapuranga kubva kumativi ese ari maviri pamwe nedenga redenga rematehwe ematehwe ematehwe. Ivo vanodiwa pamatehwe ekutsigira.
Kuisirwa kweruboshwe kunotanga kubva kumucheto kwedenga, kugadzira kureba pakati pavo. Chikamu chepazasi chavo chakarongedzwa kuMauerat, uye kumusoro chakabatanidzwa kumira pakatarisana nekukurumidzira bruus. Simba rekuvakwa kwakazara kwetemberi kwemaruva, kusimbisa nemabhawa anomhanya.
Usati waisa zvinhu zvine matenga, doomle inoitwa. Yakadzika midzi pairi, ichiita kuti ive chaiyo kuruboshwe uye pasi-kumusoro. Kune imwe neimwe yemhando yezvinyorwa inoda kuti vashandure vavo.
Kupedzisa Basa
Mafuta ekubvisa madziro arikusiya siding kana sandwich mapanera. Kana vakaiswa, zvinodikanwa kuti usiye musana pakati pematombo egasi uye ekupedzisa zvinhu. Izvo zvinodiwa kuti ubvise kunyorova kunogona kupinda kuburikidza zvakasiyana-siyana.Iyo yekushongedza kwemukati yemadziro kubva kune yakashongedzwa kongiri inoitwa pane tembiriro isina kuderera pane + 10 ° C. Kana paine machipisi, akapfura mipendero, maburi pamusoro pemabhuruku, iwo akazadzwa nemusanganiswa wemasonfanke. Zvikamu zvekutanga pamadziro zvinokandirwa neanonaka.
Mukati, madziro ekongwe akakamurwa akapatsanurwa neplaster kana plasterboard. Mushure meizvozvo, vanogona kupendwa, vakaipa kana kuumbwa nezvimwe zvinhu.
Peta madziro ane musanganiswa wakakosha wegesi-zvidhinha, izvo zvinoumbwa zvichienderana nemirairo yemugadziri.
Fungidziro yekufungidzira kuvaka
Kuvakwa kweimba kunotanga nekusikwa kwechirongwa uye basa kuti uone hunhu hwevhu. Mari yacho inotsamira pamitero yemasangano.
Kuwedzera kuona mutengo wekugadzira hwaro. Yeimba yegumi 10 × 10 m muhukuru:
- Monolithic base (chitofu) - 500-700 Zviuru;
- Ribhoni - 300-00 Zviuru Rubles.
Kana iwe ukaita monolitiki nhumbi iwe pachako, mutengo uchave unenge hafu yepasi.
Pamutengo wemabhuruku mune zviuru zvitatu zvenduru. Nekuti M3, zviuru mazana maviri nemakumi maviri neshanu vanofanira kushandiswa pakuvakwa kwemadziro ese. Kune masonry, mabhegi anenge zana egumi eglue achadawo. Kukosha kwepakati kweimwe ndeye 250 p. Mari yakazara - 250 × 105 = 26250 rubles. Armature yakawedzerwa pano. Izvo zvichadikanwa nechitoro cheanenge 1 km, uye zvichaita kuti zviuru gumi gumi neshanu. Armopopis ichadhura zviuru makumi manomwe nezvikwatu mazita.
Mari yekudarika inodarika inoenderana nerudzi rwezvinhu. Zvinotanga kubva kune zviuru makumi mashanu zvenduru. Mutengo wedzimbawo unochinjawo kubva pakuzadza. Urongwa hwegadziriro yekushambadzira inodhura zvinenge zviuru zana, zvipfuyo zvemberi zvinobva pamakumi manomwe, zvichisimbisa zvevhudzi remaminerari - mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu. Imba yeiyo Aurer Concrete pasina kushongedza, nzvimbo ye100 m2, yakavakwa nemaoko avo, ichadhura mamirioni mazana maviri emazana mazana maviri.