Ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwezindlu zabucala, uphahla luhlala lwenza ibhendi. Kukho izizathu zoko. Eyokuqala ithembekile. Kakuhle impimpi ngomoya kunye nemithwalo yekhephu. Okwesibini kuyahambelana naluphi na lophahla. Okwesithathu ixabisa kakhulu. Okwesine luyilo olulula olunzima ukonakalisa. Isihlanu - ikhangeleka inomdla. Konke oku, kwanesibakala sokuba uphahla olubini lwezandla lungenalo ulwazi olukhethekileyo, lichaza ukuthanda kwakhe.
Uhlaselo lwephepha ezimbini lulungele ukufakela eluphahleni
Ukufakwa kwenqanaba lenyathelo lophahla lwamaphepha amabini
Njengoko ubonile ngaphezulu, zininzi iinkqubo zomatshini. Ngokuhambelana, xa uhlanganisana nganye nganye kukho iimpawu zayo, kodwa ngokubanzi i-odolo efanayo. Kumele kuthethwe malunga nenqanaba elipheleleyo: ukomisa ukwenziwa kweenkuni. Eli nqanaba liyafuneka ukuba uthenge iplanga elitsha lesangqa, kwaye akomiswayo.
Sebenzisa ngexesha lolwakhiwo lophahla lweenkuni eziphosakeleyo zomsulwa zendalo ziya kukhokelela kwiingxaki: ziya kutshintsha, ziya kutshintsha, ijometri izakutshintsha. Yonke le nto iya kukhokelela ekusekweni kwamanqaku oxinzelelo kunye neempawu ezincinci zokulayisha (ikhephu elininzi, umoya onamandla okanye imvula) ziya kuqala iinkqubo ezimbi. Ukupheliswa kwabo ngumsitho onzima kwaye obiza kakhulu. Ke ngoko, okanye ukuthenga iinkuni ezomileyo (akukho ngaphezulu kwe-20%, ngokufanelekileyo i-cunder yomisa i-8-12%), okanye ukuthenga izinto kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, zisonge izitakethi ezingenayo. Emva kokuphatha ukungabinamsebenzi okufanelekileyo (ukusuka kumonakalo ukuya kwi-fungi kunye nokunciphisa ukuvutha) kwaye kuphela emva koko sebenzisa inkqubo yokufaka.
Amaplanga kufuneka owome kwizitaki ezingena ezingena ezingenayo. Ukwenza oku, bapakishwe ngeminquba emifutshane yeBhodi. Zifakwe kwindawo yemitha ukusuka kwimiphetho emva koko ziyimitha. Ngaphantsi kokufakelwa ngezantsi
Malunga namanqanaba endibano ephambili, malunga nendlela yokwenza uphahla olubini, siya kukuxelela kweli candelo.
Maeert
Indibano yenkqubo ekhawulezileyo yophahla lwe-tie ukusuka kwindawo yokufakelwa kweMauert ekuqaleni. Mayibekwe ngokuthe tye, kuba ngaphambi kokuqala ukufakelwa, i-ortionalsontal yodonga ijongiwe ngononophelo, iqhotyoshelwe kuyo, ilungelelaniswe ngodaka lwesime. Unokuqhubeka ukusebenza emva kokuba isisombululo siza kulahla amandla angama-50%.
Kuxhomekeka kwinkqubo, lulandelelwano lwe-150 * le-150 mm okanye ibhodi enemilinganiselo engama-50 * 00 mm. Iqhotyoshelwe kumqolo ophezulu we-wallryry. Ukuba indlu ivuthiwe, indima yayo isebenza isithsaba esisentla. Ukuba iindonga zenziwe ziibhloko zokwakha ukukhanya - iPenPeton okanye ikhonkrithi ye-aedreed kunye nabanye-ubuqhetseba bazo ayonelanga ukuba baphinde bafumane umthwalo. Kule meko, ngaphezulu komqolo wokugqibela we-Masonry Yenza ibhanti yekhonkrithi eqinisekisiweyo, efaka isantya esimiselweyo-wire okanye ii-scals. Kuwo ke amaplanga okanye ibhodi yanelisiwe.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Ukukhuseleka komlilo endlwini
Ukunyusa iMaueerlate kwizikhethi
Iindlela zeLigas ze-Ligament kunye neMauerlata ezininzi:
- Kwi-Masonry (kwikhonkrithi eqingqiweyo), intambo egudileyo egudileyo yedayimitha enkulu ilungisiwe (i-thes yesiphelo ezimbini). Ibhodi yenziwa kwiindawo ezifanelekileyo zomngxunya apho ucingo luqhuba khona. Itsiba kwaye igobe.
- Eludongeni, izitulo zivaliwe ngokungaphantsi kwe-12 mm yobubanzi. Phantsi kwabo eMauert, imingxunya ibekwe kwiBhodi / yeBhodi) kwaye qinile ngamantongomane anemikhono ebanzi.
- Ukulungelelanisa amaplanga okanye iBhodi ecaleni kwegumbi elingaphandle okanye elingaphakathi eludongeni, thatha i-Drill ene-12 mm yenza imingxunya yezitshixo ze-anchor. Iidayinti zabo (ze-diameter enye yi-12 mm) i-shog ngaphezulu kwe-hat, ke qinisa isitshixo.
Umgama phakathi kwee-Studs (ucingo) akufuneki ube ngaphezulu kwe-120 cm. Eludongeni (iBELT) phantsi kweMauert, ukusika amanzi kugqityiwe. Oku kunokuba kwiingqengxe ezimbini ze-backrruidol eqengqelekayo okanye i-hydroisol, ungaphakamisa i-bitumen mastic.
Ukufaka ixesha
Iindidi zeenkqubo zokulinganisa zophahla lwe-duct alukho elinye. Okokuqala, kufuneka ukhethe ukuba uza kujonga njani. Ngapha koko, ukuze kusebenze kube lula, kwenziwa ngetemplate yebhodi yazo zonke iimoto, ii-Wrinkles kunye nezinye iinkcukacha ezifanayo. Ukwenza oku, kunokufuneka uhlanganise ubungakanani bokuqala eluphahleni, kwaye emva koko ulungele ukwenza iitemplate.
Qokelela iifama ezenziwe zenziwe kwaye uze unyuse uphahla
I-odolo yeNdibano ixhomekeke kuhlobo lwenkqubo yeRAFT. Ukuba imvula itshintsha, ifakiwe kancinci kancinci, iqokelele kwizinto eziphezulu eluphahleni. Kule meko, kuya kuba lula ukuba imiqadi yephanga igqunywe yimithi yeqonga kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic okanye i-attic.
Kwiinkqubo ezinamadlelane axhonywe emhlabeni, ifama ihamba-inxantathu egqityiweyo yokuqinisa kunye nemilenze emile ngemilenze yazo zonke izikhonkwane ezinqwenelekayo, iiracks. Inani elifunekayo leefama liqokelelwa kwangoko. Emva koko bayabakhusela eluphahleni, babonisa ngokuthe nkqo kwaye baqhotyoshelwe kwiMauerlate.
Kwelinye icala, kulula - emhlabeni kulula ukusebenza, ngokunyanzelwa kwesantya sendibano ephezulu: ifama enye ahlukile kwenye, eyenza lula inkqubo. Kodwa ukuphakamisa iifama ezenziwe ngokulandelelana kunzima, ngakumbi izakhiwo ezinkulu. Ukwenza kube lula ukuyenza, setha iibhodi ezimbini ezityekileyo, ezaziphelela kuzo emhlabeni, kwaye okwesibini zinamathela ezantsi eludongeni. Iifama zisondeza kule "kuphakamisa", ifakwe ezantsi, ibopha iintambo kwaye ziqinile kwiibhodi zophahla. Ukungabikho kwe-winch okanye i-crane, le yeyona ndlela yamkelekileyo.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ngokuchanekileyo njani ngokugqibeleleyo umdlalo ngekhonkrithi endlwini okanye kwindlu ngokwakho (ividiyo)
Indibano yomkhiwane ifuna ulwazi oluthile: Njengaziphi na iodolo, indlela yokubeka kwaye yenze umpu. Indibano yenye yezi nkqubo kunye nogogo, bona ividiyo.
Inkqubo yokuhlangabezana nenkqubo yeRAFT
- Ibonisi i-finsion yefama enkulu. Bahambelana kwaye bakhuselwe kukuyeka okwethutyana. Unokufuna ukutya okwethutyana, ukubekwa edongeni leNdlu: ukondla ibhodi enamathela phezu kweendonga. Ungagudisa ifama yokuqala kuyo (ngaphandle kokuba udonga lugudile). Kwicala elinye icala lendlela yethutyana, ayihambi ndawo.
Uyibeka njani inkqubo yeRAFT
- Okulandelayo, i-Twine iyolule phakathi kweefama ezigqithileyo. Kwenzeka kwinqanaba le-skate kunye namacala omabini angezantsi - ekupheleni kwemilenze yesiphelo. I-twine yoluliweyo ihlolwe kwi-ethe tye-sebenzisa inqanaba elifanelekileyo lokwakha. Ukuba kukho ukuphambuka, kwaye iifama ziyaboniswa ngokuthe nkqo, kuya kufuneka ukhokele imilenze yereyitha kwenye yazo. Ngamanye amaxesha xa kuphambuka kwintambo ye-skate izama ukuhlengahlengisa ukuphambuka kwifama. Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukwenza oku: "Ndiginya yonke inkqubo.
Phakathi kweefama ezivaliweyo, amawele anikelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuchaneka kwejometri
- Iifama ezigqithileyo zichazwe kwiMauerlat. Iindlela zokubumba zixhomekeka kuhlobo lwenkqubo ekhethiweyo kwaye inokutyibilika okanye hayi. Iindidi zeenkqubo zophahla lweTone-Toos kunye neendawo ezinamathisela kwiinyawo ze-raft to maemer ukuya kwi-mauert kunye ne-skate brus Icwangciselwe kweli nqaku.
- Ezi fama zilandelayo zibeka, zigxile kwilayini ye-otmple. Kuyinyani ngakumbi ukuthumela kwi-CREARDE inyathelo elifunayo lomlinganiso we-rafter, jonga ukuba uphawu lwenyani luyinyani kwaye emva koko luqala ukunyuka kunye nokucwangciswa kweefama. Ukuze kwinkqubo yokwakha ayibhukqweni iirafti ezifakiweyo, ziqhotyoshelwe kwinye imiqadi enye, zibeka i-struts kunye nethayile. Batshatile emva kokuba isibane sifakwe.
- Inkqubo ye-raft yoshicilelo igubungele i-membrane yokufumana amanzi, ngaphezulu kwesibane esinezinto. I-membrane yophahla olususwe ngaphakathi ngokweetekhnoloji zamva njengokunyanzelwa, kungenjalo ukuba i-insuble iyakugqobhoza, eyakukhokelela ekungasebenzisweni kwayo (ilahlile imali). Ukuba uphahla lubanda, ungakwenza ngaphandle kokuphuma kwamanzi.
Konke, uphahla lwe-duct luqokelelwa kwaye lulungele ukufakelwa kwezinto zophahla.
Inkqubo yokufakelwa koMzobo obangela imibuzo eyaneleyo, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuba uxelele ngeendlela ezininzi. Jonga enye yazo kwividiyo. Inkqubo inkulu kwaye ikhwelwe eluphahleni lwamalungu, kwaye sele kukho iqokelele kuyilo olunye. Kwizindlu ezinkulu zilungele.
Iimpawu zokufakwa kwenkqubo ye-humer yendlu
Umahluko phakathi kwezindlu zomthi kukuba indlu yelog inika i-shrinkige, kwaye oku kukhokelela kutshintsho kwi-geometri yenkqubo yokulinganisa. Ukuba izinto zibambe ubunzima, uphahla lunokwahlukana. Ke ngoko, abantu abazimiseleyo benza ukuhamba. Kukho ukuqina okukhethekileyo okhethekileyo, kule meko iqingqiweyo kwi-rafns kwi-crown engaphezulu kunye nokubaleka, ukuba ikhona (jonga ifoto).
Indlela yokukhupha inkqubo ye-rafter yendlu ye-bang
Ukuhamba ngokukhululekileyo efudukayo ngexesha le-shrinkage, isahlulo sayo esinde silungisiwe ngokungqongqo ngokuhambelana nomphetho wayo, kuxhomekeke ngqo entlokweni. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, indawo inqunyulwe kuyo. Beka intaba ukuze i-hook ikwindawo ephantsi okanye kufutshane nayo. Qimbisa kwi-screws ekhethekileyo yokuzikhethela eyangena kwikhithi (isiqhelo ayifanelekanga). Ukuba ufakelo lwenziwe kwilog ukuze inyawo le-raft icime ngaphezulu kwayo, ukuvulwa kweSemicircular kunqunyulwa kwindawo engezantsi, kuya kuthembela kuyo.
Ezi zinto zibalekayo zithengiswa kuyo nayiphi na imakethi yokwakha, ibizwa ngokuba 'yimgculelo'. Ungayinyusa njani isilayidi ukuya kwi-brus Jonga le vidiyo.
Ividiyo kwiNdibano kunye nokufakwa kwenkqubo ye-raft yophahla lwe-upplex
Uphahla oluqinileyo oluqinileyo lwayakhelwe ngezandla zakhe: uninzi lwezinto ezinqabileyo nezaqongqonyama, kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza umkhamo, ulwandiso. Ukuchaza ngamazwi, umthengisi wabo akanambulelo. Nantsi imeko xa kungcono ukubona. Apha ngezantsi ubonelela ngokukhethwa kwevidiyo onokuthi ube luncedo.Ingxelo yevidiyo malunga nokuba yenziwa njani uphahla lwe-tie
Ibali lomnini weNdlu malunga namanqanaba okwakha. Kukho amaxesha anomdla kubuchwephesha abanokuba luncedo.
Iindidi ezimbini zokuqhagamshela: Inzima kwaye ityibilika
Ividiyo malunga neentlobo ezinengxaki kakhulu zonxibelelwano.Ungawubona njani i-angle yoRhwebatyela
Ingxelo yeNdlela yeNdlela yeVidiyo epheleleyo yeVidiyo
Le filimu ithatha ngaphantsi kweyure, kodwa inkqubo ibonakaliswa kwasekuqaleni kwaye de kuphele ngeenkcukacha ezininzi. Uphahla lubekwa kwindlu yesakhelo, kodwa xa ufaka izakhiwo zolunye uhlobo (ngaphandle kwezindlu zomthi) akukho mahluko.
Inqaku lesihloko: Amaphephadonga anamhlanje: Uyilo lwegumbi, ifoto ka-2019, izimvo zeNdlu, izimvo zeNdlu, i-Interlish, iZimvo eziPhezulu, iVidiyo kwiKhithi yeKhithi, ividiyo