Ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwendlu yakhe, enye yeengongoma eziphambili kukwakhiwa kweendonga. Ukubekwa kwendawo yokuthwala kusoloko kusenziwa usebenzisa izitena, kodwa yintoni efanele ibe bubukhulu bodonga lwezitena kule meko? Ukongeza, iindonga zendlu azingabo kuphela abathwali, kodwa zisenza izahlulelo kwaye zijamelene - yintoni eyona nto ifanele ibe ludonga lwezitena kwezi meko? Ngale nto, ndiza kuxela inqaku lanamhlanje.
Ubungakanani bomhlaba we-Brick buxhomekeke njani?
Lo mbuzo ubaluleke kakhulu kubo bonke abantu abasakha indlu yabo yezitena kwaye baqonde kuphela imendo yokwakha. Ekuqaleni, udonga lwezitena luyilo olulula, ukuphakama, ububanzi nobunzima. Umthwalo wodonga onomdla kuthi ngokuyintloko luxhomekeke kwindawo yayo yokugqibela. Oko kukuthi, ubanzi kwaye ngaphezu kodonga, umthame ukufanele ukuba njalo.
Kodwa, phi ubukhulu bodonga lwezitena? -Ubuza. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ekwakheni, okuninzi kubotshelelwe kumandla ombane. Izitena, njengezinye izinto zokwakha, inento yayo, ethathela ingqalelo amandla ayo. Kwakhona, ukulayishwa kwe-masonry kuxhomekeke kuzinzo kwalo. Iza ngasentla iya kuba ngumphezulu ophetheyo, nangona kunyanzelekile ukuba, ngakumbi isiseko.
Enye ipharamitha echaphazela ukulayisha umthwalo wonke womgangatho kukwenziwa kwento yokwenzela umxholo. Inqaku eliqhelekileyo lokuqhubela phambili kwebhloko le-thermal liphezulu kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba, ngokwayo, ukufudumala okubi. Ke ngoko, ukuphuma kwinqanaba lokuphatha intetho ebonakalayo, ukwakha indlu ngokukodwa ukusuka kwi-silicate okanye naziphi na ezinye iibhloko, iindonga kufuneka zibe nzima kakhulu.
Kodwa, ukuze siyonge imali kwaye sigcine ingqiqo, abantu bala ukwakha izindlu zikhumbule i-bunker. Ukwenzela ukuba ube nomhlaba oqhubekayo kwaye kwangaxeshanye ukufakelwa kobushushu, iskimu semigulukudu saqala ukufaka isicelo. Apho umntu owodwa ungumtshakazi we-Silticate, ukulayisha okwaneleyo, ukumelana nayo yonke imithwalo ephantsi, i-thembeter yesibini yinto efudumeleyo, kwaye owesithathu ungqungquthela ukuba isitena sinokwenza izinto.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Ukuqhubekeka kweemveliso kumthi phantsi kwendandla ngezandla zazo
Ukukhetha izitena
Kuxhomekeka ekubeni ubukhulu becala lodonga oluphathekayo lwesitena kufuneka, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha uhlobo oluthile lwezinto ezinemilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo kunye nesakhiwo. Ke, ngokwesakhiwo, banokwahlulwa baba yimingxunya nengaphelelanga. Izinto ezisisigxina zinamandla amakhulu, iindleko, kunye nokuphumeza kwe-thermal.
Izinto zokwakha ezinamachaphazane ngaphakathi kwifom yemingxunya ayiqinisekanga, inexabiso elincinci, kodwa amandla okufakwa kobushushu kwibhlokhi emngxunyeni ephezulu kakhulu. Oku kufezekiswa ngubukho beengxowa zomoya kuyo.
Ubungakanani bazo naziphi na iintlobo zento ephantsi koqwalaselo zinokwahluka. Unokuba:
- Engatshatanga;
- Isiqingatha;
- Iphindwe kabini;
- Isiqingatha.
Ibhlokhi enye, kwakha izinto, ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo, obo bonke esiqhelene nabo. Ubungakanani bayo zezi zilandelayo: 250x120x65 mm.
Iyure enye okanye i-ticked-inomthwalo omkhulu omkhulu, kwaye ubungakanani bayo bubonakala ngathi: 250x120x88 mm. Phinda kabini-ngokulandelelana, unecandelo leebhloko ezimbini ze-250x120x138 mm.
Isiqingatha somntwana phakathi komnye umntu, unawo, njengoko usenokwenzeka ukuba sele uxolile, sisiqingatha sobukhulu be-250x120 x12 x12 mm.
Njengoko kunokubonwa, kuphela umahluko kubuchule besi sixhobo sokwakha ngobungqingqwa babo, kwaye ubude nobubanzi bukwanjalo.
Kuxhomekeka ekubeni buyintoni ubukhulu bodonga lwezitena, lufanelekile kwezoqoqosho, khetha inkulu xa kwakha umphezulu, umzekelo, kukho iindawo ezihlala eziphetheyo kunye neebhloko ezincinci zokuma.
Ubukhulu becala
Sele siyiqwalasele iiparameter ezinobungqiwa beendonga ezingaphandle ze-Brick ixhomekeke. Njengoko sikhumbula, kukuzinza, ukomelela, iipropathi zodumo. Ukongeza, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemiphezulu kufuneka zibe nobungakanani obahlukileyo.
Indawo ephantsi ye-Carriers, enyanisweni, inyani, ikwayinkxaso yesakhiwo sonke, ithatha umthwalo ophambili, kwisona siphela, kubandakanya ubunzima bokuphahla, izinto zangaphandle, njengokuphathwa gadalala . Ke ngoko, ukulayisha kwabo, xa kuthelekiswa nomphezulu wendalo engafunekiyo kunye nezinto zangaphakathi, kufuneka iphezulu.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ludonga I-mural ngeemoto eludongeni
Kwizixhobo zanamhlanje, uninzi lwezindlu ezibini nezithathu zanele ukuya kwi-25 cm okanye ibhloko enye, ngaphantsi kwesiqingatha okanye i-38 cm. Yonke into inzima kakhulu apha.
Ukwenzela ukubala ukuba uzinzo kuya kwanela ukubhekisa kwimigangatho ye-SNIP II. Mabale ukuba indlu yethu yezitena iya kuba yixhathise, ngeendonga ngobungqingqwa obungama-250 mm, iimitha ezi-5 ubude kunye ne-2.5 yeemitha eziphakamileyo. Ukwenzela i-MATSRY siya kusebenzisa i-M50 lezinto, kwisisombululo se-M25, siya kubala indawo yomntu ophetheyo, ngaphandle kweefestile. Ke, qhubeka.
Inombolo yetafile 26.
Ngokwedatha evela kule theyibhile ingentla, siyazi ukuba uphawu lwe-mandry yethu lubhekisa kwiqela lokuqala, kunye nenkcazo yayo kwigatya 7. Ithebhu. 26. Emva koko, sijonga itafile 28 kwaye sifumana ixabiso le-β, elithetha umyinge ovumelekileyo womthwalo wodonga ukuya kuphakama, onikiweyo, uhlobo lwesisombululo esisetyenzisiweyo. Umzekelo wethu, elixabiso lingama-22.
Inombolo yetafile 28-29.
Okulandelayo, kufuneka sifumane i-k alunge kwiTheyibhile 29.
- I-K1 yecandelo le-Masonry yethu ngu-1.2 (K1 = 1.2).
- K2 = √an / Ab iphi:
Indawo yendawo enqamlezayo ye-Carriers Town ngokuthe tyaba, ukubala kulula 0.25 * 5 = 1.25 yeemitha. M.
Ab-Indawo yamacandelo e-Wall ngokuthe tye, ngenxa yokuvula iwindows, silahlekile, ke, k2 = 1.25
- Ixabiso le-K4 lichaziwe, kwaye ukuphakama kwe-2,5 m yi-0.9.
Ngoku ukufunda ngoku, zonke izinto eziguquguqukayo zinokufunyanwa ngokulinganayo "k", ngokuphindaphindiweyo. K = 1.2 * 1.25 * 0.9 = 1.35 Okulandelayo, sifunda ixabiso lezinto ezixhaphakileyo ze-1.35 * 22 = 29.7, kunye nobubanzi be-2,5: 0.25 = I-10, eyona nto iphantsi kwesalathiso esiphumelayo 29.7. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukubeka ubukhulu be-25 cm ngobubanzi obuyi-5 m kunye ne-2,5 yeemitha eziphezulu zinozinzo phantse kathathu ngaphezulu kunokuba kufanelekile kwimigangatho emithathu.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ungayenza njani i-hammock ngezandla zakho ekhaya?
Ewe, ngemimandla exhasayo ikhutshiwe, kwaye kuthetha ntoni kunye nezo ezingawuthwali umthwalo. Ukwahlula-hlula, kuyacetyiswa ukuthatha isiqingatha sobuqili - i-12 cm. Kwindawo engathwali imithwalo, indlela esizinzileyo esiyiqwalasele ngayo ngasentla ikwalungile. Kodwa ukusukela phezulu, olo donga aluyi kulungiswa, umyinge we-β osebenzayo kufuneka uncitshiswe ngowesithathu, kwaye uqhubeke nokubala kunye nelinye ixabiso.
I-Masonry e-Pelipich, i-Brick, inye enesiqingatha, izitena ezimbini
Ukuqukumbela, makhe sijonge indlela ezenziwa ngayo izitena ngokuxhomekeke ekusetyenzisweni komgangatho. I-Masonry ePolkirpich, eyona ilula, njengoko kungekho mfuneko yokwenza nokunxiba okuntsonkothileyo. Kwanele, faka uluhlu lokuqala lwezinto, kwisiseko esigqibeleleyo senqanaba kwaye siqinisekise ukuba isisombululo sibekwe ngokulinganayo, kwaye sasingenangaphezulu kwe-10 mm ngobunzima.
Owona mgangatho uphambili wecandelo eliphezulu eliphezulu necandelo lama-25 cm kukuphunyezwa kokunxiba okuphezulu kwemiqadi engaphaya kwento engafanele ukuhlangana. Ngale ndlela, i-MATSRY ibalulekile ukusuka ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheliseni inkqubo ekhethiweyo, ene-amabini ubuncinci, umqolo omnye kunye nomqolo omninzi. Bahluke ngendlela yokunxiba nokubeka iibhloko.
Ukubekwa ngobungakanani kwaye izitena ezinesiqingatha zakhiwe ngokwenkqubo enjalo: kumqolo wokuqala, iibhloko zifakwe kwi-Prependicular enye kwenye, ukuze isahlulo esijijekileyo sivela ngaphandle, kwaye ngaphakathi. Lo mqolo ulandelayo ubekwe, okufanayo, kodwa sele ngaphandle kweyona nto inezipuni, kwaye ngaphakathi komsele.
Inkqubo ebiweyo kwizitena ezibini ifana nokwenza ukuba i-Bricks enye, umahluko kukuba icandelo elithe tyaba liza kunyuka ukusuka kwi-250 ukuya kwi-50 ukuya kwi-520 mm ukuba ithathelwa ingqalelo.
Ividiyo "ye-Brick Vool"
Ividiyo ekwakhiweni kwezindlu ze-Brick isebenzisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-masryry. Indlela yokufudumeza ngayo, kwaye zeziphi izibonelelo zolu mbandela.