Ukuqinisekisa indawo yokuhlala ekhulu kwindlu yabucala ifuna ukufaka inkqubo yokufudumeza eya kuxhasa i-microclime efanelekileyo. Namhlanje zininzi iindlela onokukhetha kuzo iinkqubo ezinjalo, kodwa ngaphambi kokuqala ukufaka, kunyanzelekile ukuba bala zonke iindleko zokufakwa ukuze kuchongwe ubuchule bokuzithandela ekhaya. Sifumanisa ukuba ubala ngokuchanekileyo inkqubo yokufudumeza olona tshintsho luphakamileyo, olunokusebenza kwigesi enkulu, i-firewood, umbane.
Ukukhetha i-boiler, i-orvey kungekuphela ngexabiso, kodwa nakwiindleko zepetroli.
Umzekelo wokufudumeza ngokubala
Ukubala iindleko zokubetha ekhaya kunye nokuchaza apho kukho izibonelelo, kuyafuneka ukuba uthathele ingqalelo amaxabiso athile. Babandakanya idatha enjalo:
Iskimu senkqubo yokufudumeza ngokujikeleza kwendalo.
- ixesha lexesha lokufudumeza (sithatha iinyanga ezisixhenxe);
- Ixesha lokusebenza le-Boiler (isiqingatha sexesha, oko kukuthi, lisetyenziselwa ukugcina ubushushu obuyimfuneko beqondo lobushushu);
- Amandla okufudumeza ziimitha ezilishumi zeshumi (esamkela umndilili - i-1 kilowott yamandla e-shirmal);
- Indawo yendlu yelizwe ithatha iimitha ezili-150 zeemitha. Iimitha, i-boiler ene-wilowott ye-15 ye-kilowatt iya kufuneka.
Ukusetyenziswa ngenyanga kuya kuba: 15 kW * 24 (iyure ngosuku) * 30 (inani leentsuku ngenyanga) = 10,800 kW / h.
Kuba umbhali uza kusebenza kuphela isiqingatha, sifumana ixabiso elinjenge: 10 800/2 = abangama-5,400 kW / h. Oko kukuthi, ukusela ubushushu obuqhelekileyo ngenyanga kuya kuba ngama-5,400 kw / h.
Ukubala indleko kulo lonke ixesha lokufudumeka, ixabiso liphindaphindeke kwiinyanga ezisixhenxe: 5 400 * 7 = 37 800 kW / h.
Ukuba ukufudumeza kwenziwa xa usebenzisa igesi yetrunk, apho i-ruble i-ruble ifunwa yi-1 kw yobushushu, sifumana ukuba iindleko zizonke zezi: 37,0,07 = i-ruble i-rubles.
Xa usenza ukuba ukubala kwendlu yabucala, kuyimfuneko ukuba kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba la manani angasentla athatyathwa ngamaxabiso aphakathi, ityala elithile, anokuhluka ngokuxhomekeka kubungqiwa beendonga, umxholo wemveliso yabo , iqondo lobushushu langaphandle. Ukubala okubalwa kusetyenziselwa zonke iintlobo zeenkqubo zokufudumeza, kuphela ixabiso kwiindleko zepetroli kunye nokusetyenziswa kwecandelo ngalinye kubushushu kuyafakwa endaweni yobushushu.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Kulula kangakanani kwaye kulula ukwenza i-bandet yamakhethini ngezandla zakho
Ngee-boilles eziqinileyo
Iskimu senkqubo yokufudumeza ngokusasazeka ngokunyanzelekileyo.
Enye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zesixhobo sokufudumeza kwizindlu zelizwe zinesibonda samafutha aqinileyo apho iinkuni eziqhelekileyo zipere. Akukho mfuneko yokuba icinge ukuba iziko labuya kwixesha elidlulileyo, iimodeli zabo zanamhlanje namhlanje zithandwa kakhulu, azivumelanga ukuba ilungelelanise indyebo yamanzi ashushu. Uninzi lwazo lunesitovu esenzelwe ukupheka.
Ukubala iindleko zokufudumeza ekhaya, cinga:
- Ixabiso lemitha enye ye-cuicwood, namhlanje imalunga namawaka amabini ruble xa kuthathwa ingxelo ngothutho lwabo;
- Kwimitha enye yeemitha ezingama-650 kg, oko kukuthi, iindleko zekhilogramu enye ilingana no: 2000/650 = 3.08, ijikelezile ixabiso lekhilogrem lilingana malunga nee-ruble ezintathu;
- Ukufumana ubushushu obu-1 kilowatt ubushushu, kuyimfuneko ukuba basebenzise i-0.4 kg ye-firewood, oko kukuthi, 3 * 0.4 = 1.2. Kuyimfuneko ukufumana i-kilowatta enye ubushushu obufanayo kwi-rublery ye-1.2 i-ruble.
Ngee-boilers zombane
Iskimu kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwe-electrocoltel.
Olunye ukhetho lwesixhobo sokufudumeza kwindlu yabucala kukusetyenziswa kombane. Amandla anjalo ayakwazi ukuthambeka ngokupheleleyo ibe yi-thermal, ukuze ufumane ubushushu obuyi-1 kw kuyimfuneko ukuchitha malunga ne-1 kw yamandla ombane. Bala inkqubo yokufudumeza, ukwazi iindleko kwi-kilowatt nge-kilowatt nganye. Ixabiso lendawo emazantsi e-3.34 ruble. Asilibali ukuba iindleko ze-kilowatt enye zinokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa indleko ngalo mzuzu.
Ngexesha lokufudumeza, kubalulekile ukuba uchithe amandla ama-37,800 ye-kilowatt. Siyiguqulela eli xabiso kwimali elilingana, sifumana: 37800 * 3,34 = 126252 i-ruble, kwaye le yinyanga ezisixhenxe) ishiya i-ruble i-126222.
I-Boilers isebenza kwi-ofisi ye-oweli
Ngoku masizame ukubala indlela ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokufudumeza, esebenza kwi-ofisi engamanzi, oko kukuthi, idizili. Ifomula ilula, ukubala kubandakanya oku kulandelayo:
Ukuhamba kwe-oli engamanzi kuxhomekeka kwindawo yeNdlu kunye namandla oMbizi.
- Ixabiso lomgubo welitha. Umzekelo, ixabiso le-ruble ezingama-34 kwi-l;
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha ukufumana i-1 kw yamandla e-thermal. Xa usebenzisa idizili, ivolumu yeelitha ze-0.14 ifunekayo (kuxhomekeke kwi-CPD ye-Boiler, kuyimfuneko ukuba ungene xa ubalwa);
- Ixabiso leyunithi yobushushu. Kule meko, yi-ruble ezingama-34 * 0.14 iilitha = 4.76 ruble.
- Ngenxa yoko, iindleko zexesha lokufudumeza (kwaye oku malunga neenyanga ezisixhenxe ngonyaka) ngama-37,800 kW * 4.46 ruble = 168 588.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Ukuhombisa izitulo ezindala ngezandla zabo
Ixabiso liphuma libalulekile, ngakumbi ukuba uthelekisa neshushu ngegesi. Kodwa kufuneka ikhunjulwe ukuba unxibelelwano lwendlela enkulu ekhaya lungenza malunga namawaka angama-250 ama-ruble, kwaye oku kuqwenga iminyaka emibini yokusebenza kwe-boiler yepetroli ye-oweli eqinileyo! Kwaye ukuba indlela enkulu yokuhambisa irhasi yendlu ayinikezelwanga? Isixhobo seGagolder kunye nenkonzo yaso sinokubiza kakhulu, ke ngoko, kwezinye iimeko, okhethiweyo kunikwa kwi-Boilers kwi-ofisi yamanzi engamanzi, nangona ixesha lokugqibela lincinci kwaye lincinci.
Ngezikhombisi zoqoqosho, abo banxibe ezo zibophelele kwindlu baphulukana kakhulu neenkqubo zokufudumeza. Kodwa kukho iimeko apho ukubonelelwa kwegesi akunakwenzeka, kwaye iintlobo ezisele zezixhobo aziyiyo indlela yokuphuma kule meko, ke i-boile i-bali ye-ofisi yindlela eyamkelekileyo.
Ukubala iindleko zeendleko zokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela ukuba ixabiso le-Square enye m (kuthathelwa ingqalelo ixabiso lezixhobo kwaye ufakelo) ngumndilili we-ruble imalunga ne-ruble ezimalunga ne-1680 ruble. Oko kukuthi, kwindlu enkulu, indawo ye-150 yeemitha. Iimitha, iindleko zizonke zezixhobo zenkqubo yokufudumeza ziya kuba ngama-252 amawaka ruble. Ungalibali ukuba ixabiso linempembelelo enkulu ukuba zeziphi izixhobo ezithengiweyo, ziyintoni na iindleko zayo.
Thelekisa iindleko: Yeyiphi inkqubo yokufudumeza ngakumbi?
Ke injani le nkqubo yokufudumeza kwindlu yelizwe ngakumbi? Ngamnye wabo unedini lakhe kunye nezinto ezingalunganga, xa ukhetha, kubalulekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo yonke imixholo enokwenzeka:
Iimpawu zobugcisa zeBoiler xa zisebenza kwi-ofisi ye-fluele kunye negesi.
- Iinkqubo zokufudumeza zombane zinenzuzo ngokwemigaqo yokuthenga kunye nokufakwa. Ixabiso le-Boiler yombane alikho kangako xa kuthelekiswa nolunye uhlobo lwamafutha asebenza kolunye uhlobo lwamafutha, inkcitho kwi-chimney yesixhobo ayifuneki, isixhobo segumbi elahlukileyo kwizixhobo ze-boiler azidingeki. Imilinganiselo kunye neemeko zomsebenzi ziyakuvumela ukuba ubeke i-boiler kuyo nayiphi na indawo efanelekileyo. Kodwa kwelinye icala, iindleko zombane ziphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukufudumeza kwendlu enkulu;
- Iinkqubo ze-oyile eziqinileyo zixabisa ngaphezulu kunombane, iindleko ezisisiseko zeza kwisixhobo se-chimney sisuse iimveliso zokudibanisa. Ukusebenza kunye nokufakwa kwenkqubo yeNdlu kufuneka kwenziwe kuphela kwimigangatho nemithetho. Kodwa iindleko ze-ofisi eqingqiweyo ingaphantsi, ukusetyenziswa kwawo kunoqoqosho, unokucwangcisa ukutya okuzenzekelayo, okuphelisa ukuthatha inxaxheba komntu xa usebenza;
- Sebenzisa igesi enkulu yokufudumeza. Olu khetho ngokweendleko zimalunga nelingane neenkqubo eziqinileyo zefutha. Kuya kufuneka ulungiselele ukutshiswa kweemveliso zokudibanisa, khetha igumbi elahlukileyo lokufaka i-boiler yegesi. Kodwa kukho ukubakho kokusebenzisa izixhobo zegesi ezinenkqubo ekunyanzelekileyo yokususa umsi, ogcina iindleko. Ukongeza, ukufudumeza ngegesi kuyinto efanelekileyo, ngokufuthi kwii-cottimes zedolophu yeyona ilungileyo kumazwe, ukuba akukho mathuba okuxhuma kwindlela enkulu, igolide yegolide inokwenzeka. Ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha akukhulu, iindleko zomsebenzi kunye ne-oyile ngokwayo inomtsalane inyanga;
- Xa ishushu kwindlu esebenzisa i-boiler kwi-piesel peel, iindleko zezona zinkulu. Ukufakelwa kwezixhobo ezinjalo kunye nonxibelelwano lwayo yenye yezona zinto zintsonkothileyo kwaye zibiza kakhulu, kuyimfuneko kwigumbi elikhethekileyo elixhotyiswe ngokwemigangatho yokhuseleko lomlilo. Xa esi sixhobo siyasebenza, ivumba elingathandekiyo lenzeka ukuba isakhiwo sokuhlala asivumelekanga. Indleko yefutha uqobo iphakamile, ngenxa yezindlu zelizwe, ukufakelwa oku kusetyenziswa isetyenzisiwe (kunokwenzeka kuphela njenge-ausist kwimeko yengozi yesixhobo esisindayo somphefumlo).
Inqaku lesihloko: Igumbi lokuhlambela le-FALT
Namhlanje, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo ezinazo kwaye zikho zifakwe kwisimo sendlu yabucala. Ukukhetha kwenkqubo enjalo kuxhomekeke kwiiparamitha ezininzi, kodwa zihlala zixabisa ukufakelwa kunye neendleko ezinxulumene nokusebenza. Ngaphambi kokucwangciswa kwezixhobo zesixhobo solondolozo sendlu yabucala, kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukubala okuya kunceda ekuqinisekiseni inkqubo eyahlukileyo.