Iinkqubo zokufudumeza kumakhaya abantu nasezindlu zifuna ukugungxulwa kwamaxesha ngamaxesha. Kwizakhiwo zeflethi zalo msebenzi, abasebenzi beenkonzo zikarhulumente zibandakanyeka kwinzaliseko yalo msebenzi, kwaye abanini bezindlu zabucala kufuneka benze ngokuzimeleyo okanye baqeshe iingcali zomntu wesithathu. Ngexesha lokusebenza kwenkqubo yokufudumeza, amasuntswana amancinci ayawa, ahlala kwiibhetri, imibhobho kunye nomlomo. Ngaphandle kokugungxula, la masuntswana aya kuqokelela kwaye afumane i-compact, eya kukhokelela kwibhloko yokufudumeza kunye nemibhobho yenkqubo yokufudumeza, ukukhutshwa kwenkqubo yokufudumeza, ukukhupha inkqubo yokufudumeza. Ukuthintela zonke ezi ngxaki, ukuhlamba kwendlela yokufudumeza kuyimfuneko. Ngaphambi kokucoca inkqubo yokufudumeza ngezandla zakho, qiniseka ukuba ufunde imigaqo kunye neempawu zalo msebenzi.
Umzobo we-Hydropneatic yokuhlamba isigxina kwinkqubo yokufudumeza.
Ukuhlamba imibhobho yenkqubo yokufudumeza: Kutheni kuyimfuneko?
Ukuhamba ngenkqubo yokufudumeza ngokuchanekileyo, kufuneka uyazi ukuba kutheni le nto ihlanjelwe yenziwa.
Itekhnoloji yokutsala imibhobho yenkqubo yokufudumeza ilula kakhulu, ke, ijonge imithetho ethile, unokwenza yonke into ngokwakho.
uluhlu lwemibhobho bokuhlamba kunye nezinye iindawo inkqubo zokufudumeza ziyafuneka kwiimeko apho inkqubo ubushushu ukuba esingahlanjwanga iminyaka engaphezu kwe-5-10 uye nokusebenza amandla, nto leyo ehambisana ikakhulu inani elikhulu magnesium calcium iityuwa kwi zokufudumeza iindonga zombhobho. Kuyaziwa ukuba umaleko wezinto ezinobunzima obu-1 mm kuphela zinciphisa ukutshintshelwa kwe-REM malunga ne-10%, echaphazela ukwenziwa kwamandla kwenkqubo yokufudumeza kunye nokusetyenziswa kombane. Ngapha koko, ukugqobhoza kwemibhobho yenkqubo yokufudumeza ngesikali kunye ne-sediments kukhokelela kwihlaso kumagumbi ashushu.
Umzobo oqhelekileyo wokuhlamba inkqubo yokufudumeza.
Kwimeko yokwala ukugungxulwa kwexesha ngexesha imibhobho, iziphumo zokufudumeza zinokuba yintlekele ngokulula. Kufuneka iqondwe ukuba ukugungxulwa kwemibhobho yenkqubo yokufudumeza yinkqubo enyanzelekileyo yenkonzo. Itekhnoloji yenzelwe ukugcina inkqubo yokufudumeza ikwimeko ebonakalayo ixesha elide. Umsebenzi ophezulu kunye nexesha elide yenkqubo yokufudumeza ayinakwenzeka ngaphandle kokugungxulwa kwamaxesha ngamaxesha, okuthi, kunjalo, kufanele kwenziwe ngokuchanekileyo.
Kwimeko yokwala ukugungxulwa kwemibhobho ngexesha elifanelekileyo, inkqubo yokufudumeza inokwenzeka kwaye intshabalalo yesixhobo esibi senqaku le-surmal inokwenzeka, ukuba amathuba ahlukeneyo angabandakanywanga inkqubo yokufudumeza ebusika, ekhokelela ekugqibeleni Inkqubo yokungasebenzi kakuhle kunye nokulahleka kwemali okukhulu, ukunciphisa intshabalalo yoomatshini iinkqubo zokufudumeza, njl. Kungenxa yoko le nto imithetho yokusebenza yenkqubo yokufudumeza ilawula ukuqinisekiswa kwexesha eliqhelekileyo.
Kutheni idipozithi zisenziwa kwiindonga zemibhobho yenkqubo yokufudumeza?
Umqhubi ophambili wokufumana ubushushu ngamanzi. Nguye omela esona sizathu siphambili sokungcoliseka kwenkqubo yokufudumeza. I-Sludge, eyenziwa ziityiwa zamanzi anzima okanye amasuntswana amancinci, iba yingozi, i-sediment eqinileyo. Ukucula kwiindonga zangaphakathi zemibhobho yenkqubo yokufudumeza, isikali kunciphisa ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwenkqubo yokufudumeza.
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Iskimu sokuhlamba inkqubo yokufudumeza.
Umaleko omdaka wesikali ubonakaliswa ziipropathi eziphakamileyo ze-intermal eshushu, i.e. thintela ukutshintshiselana ubushushu. Ukongeza, isikali sinceda iinkqubo zoomatshini bokunxiba zombhobho kunye nezinye izinto zenkqubo yokufudumeza.
Kungenxa yoko le nto imithetho yokusebenza kamphefumlo ibonisa isidingo sokwenza umsebenzi obanzi weprophylactic, icandelo elingacacanga elahliweyo.
Ukuhlamba inkqubo yokufudumeza: Ungafumanisa ukuba lifikile ixesha elingakanani?
Kukho inani lezinto, ngokuqondwayo ezinokuthi ziqondwe ukuba ixesha lokuhlamba inkqubo yokufudumeza lifikile:
- Ukufudumeza i-radiators ifudumele inkanuko. Njengomthetho, ephezulu yebhetri ishushu, ngelixa ezantsi kuyabanda;
- Xa ishushu i-Boiler eshushu, i-rackecting ivakala ngenxa yongqilelo olukhulu;
- Izakhiwo zifudumeza ixesha elide kunelifunekayo;
- incitshiswe amandla eBoiler;
- Iindleko zepholonti zisanda kakhulu;
- Ngemibhobho eshushu ibhetri ihlala ibanda.
Imigaqo efumbayo yenkqubo yokufudumeza ibonelela ngendlela yokufaka iindlela zokusebenzisa iikhemikhali nezomzimba. Iindlela zomzimba ziquka amanzi kunye ne-hydropulse yokugungxulwa, efuna ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa - i-compressor. Indlela yekhemikhali yokuhlamba kukusetyenziswa kwamachiza ahlukeneyo anyibilikisa i-sludgesge kunye nesikali.
Umzobo wemibhobho eshukumisayo yemichiza.
Ukuhlasela inkqubo yokufudumeza, lungisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo:
- Iqhosha lokwakha;
- chisel;
- iiplanga;
- i-balin;
- I-scrap;
- Iingxowa-mali ezikhethiweyo ngokungqinelana nendlela yokuhlamba (i-compressor okanye indawo yokususa isikali).
Ukugungxulwa kwenkqubo yokufudumeza ngomxube wokutsala amanzi kunye nokuhanjiswa
Isiseko sale ndlela kukuhlanjululwa kweetyhubhu zokufudumeza ngomxube wamanzi kunye nomoya oxinzelelweyo. Imigaqo kunye netekhnoloji ilula kakhulu. Umoya oxinzelelweyo unikezelwa kwinkqubo yokufudumeza, enamagqabi anamanzi aphakamisa amanzi, uCorrosion, ne-Nagar, iSanti kunye nezinye iiSedoments. Ukuthengiswa komoya okhungelayo kubonisa isambuku ukusuka kwimibhobho yenkqubo yokufudumeza, ukungavumeli ukuba kuhlale ezindongeni.
Ukujonga imigaqo kunye netekhnoloji yokuhlamba, ungandisa ubomi benkqubo yakho iminyaka engama-20 nangaphezulu. Le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba ucoce uthungelwano lwe-thermal ngalo naliphi na ixesha lonyaka ngaphandle kokuphazamisa umda kunye neebhetri.
Umzobo omiselweyo wemibhobho eshukumisayo yemichiza.
Ukuhlamba imibhobho of ubilisa iinkqubo yi biopreparations yindlela kakhulu kakuhle kunye nokusingqongileyo, imithetho kunye netheknoloji kuzo zibandakanya ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ekuzakuqalwa kwinkqubo ubushushu.
Ukujikeleza kwemibhobho yenkqubo, ilungiselelo lebhayoloji lahlula-hlula i-organic, i-oolily-daid kunye needipozithi eziqinileyo. Imigaqo kunye netekhnoloji yale ndlela ayibonisi kakuhle okanye ivaliwe. Enye ingongoma efanelekileyo kule meko kukukhuseleka kococeko lwangoku lweenkqubo ezindala.
Ukuhlamba inkqubo yokufudumeza ngepneumonohydrogen kunye neekhemikhali
Le ndlela ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuqhubela phambili iinkqubo zemfumba endala. Imigaqo kunye netekhnoloji yokwenza loo msebenzi ibonelela ngefuthe kwinkqubo ye-qumum hydraulic, edlulela kwinkqubo ngesantya se-1200 m / s kwaye ihombisa izibiyeli ekukhokeleni kunye ne-sludge. Iindonga ze-radiators kunye nemibhobho, ngelixa ingonakalisi, kuba Abanayo ngaphezulu kwe-2% yamandla onke empembelelo yamaza, kwaye i-98% eseleyo iwele kwiidipozithi ezahlukeneyo, ezitshatileyo kunye nemveliso ngokusebenzisa umkhono oguqukayo kwinkqubo yokutshixa.
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Ukujonga imithetho ye-hydrotreay, kunokwenzeka ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokusebenza, kuba Akukho sidingo sokutshintsha imibhobho kunye nee-radiators.
Amalungiselelo ohlukeneyo eekhemikhali avumela ukucoca kunye nemibhobho ye-ripedines, imibhobho kunye nezinye iindawo zenkqubo yokufudumeza kunye ne-acids esekwe kwi-organic kunye ne-inorganic acid. Le ndlela yokutyibilika kweekhemikhali ithathwa njengeyona meko inoqoqosho, kwaye ingenayo kuphela indawo, kodwa ikwaninzi ukuya kwiindawo zokuhlala.
Isikimu se-Schemer Printarnger.
Kwimeko yokusebenzisa iirejista ezinjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kwazo, edla ngokunikwa iphakheji. Itekhnoloji ithetha ngokupheleleyo ukulandelwa kwesikali kunye nokunyanzelwa kwenkqubo yokufudumeza iiyure ezingama-5-10.
Nangona kunjalo, imigaqo yokusebenzisa imali enjalo ibonisa isidingo sokuqikelela imeko yezixhobo zokufudumeza. Imeko yomzimba ye-radiator kunye nemibhobho yokunxiba, ubukhulu becala-ezi paramitha kufuneka zivavanywe ngokupheleleyo emngciphekweni wokwenzakala kwabo, ukwakhiwa kwayo, njengomgaqo, kubandakanya i-hydrochloric acid.
Qwalasela isibakala sokuba nisenza yonke imigaqo yokutsala, awuyi kuhlala ufezekisa iziphumo ezifunwayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yabangasentla, ukucocwa okubanzi kuyadingeka, imigaqo ebonisa ukusetyenziswa kweendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Iimpawu zokuhlanjwa okungenakuphikiswa kobushushu obushushu
Ukuba ubushushu bungcolile okanye bulele ngokupheleleyo, ukugungxulwa okungxolo kunokunceda. Imigaqo kunye netekhnoloji yokuhlamba intsholongwane kulula kakhulu. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ubekekekise ubushushu ubushushu, susa zonke iipleyiti, zibambe kwisisombululo esikhethekileyo, hlamba ipleyiti nganye, faka iphakheji yeepleyiti kubushushu. Emva koko, ubushushu buhamba kwaye bucinezelwe.Ukujonga imithetho yalo msebenzi, uyakufumana izibonelelo ezininzi:
- Ukuhlamba okubethekayo kokufudumeza iziqinisekiso eziphezulu eziphezulu;
- Nakuphi na ungcoliseko luphelisiwe;
- Yonke into yenzeka ngokubonakalayo, kwaye ungayibona yonke inkqubo yomsebenzi.
Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezingalunganga ezingayi kuthintelwa, zide zijonge yonke imithetho yomsebenzi. Ke, ukuba ubushushu bakho busebenzele ukunxiba, kwiimeko ezibalulekileyo, okanye ubomi beetywina zerabha eziphelile, kunokwenzeka ukuba batshintshe itywina lokutywina kobushushu, eliya kukhokelela ekunyukeni kweendleko kunye nexesha lomsebenzi.
Njengommiselo, le tecuko ichazwe apha ngasentla echazwe apha ngasentla eyahlukileyo kuphela ekhetha indlela ethile yokucoca iipleyiti zesixhobo emva koko. Iindlela ezininzi eziphambili ezisetyenzisiweyo:
- Kwimeko yokugungxulwa okungenayo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukususa ungcoliseko nejethi yamanzi kwizixhobo ezizodwa zoxinzelelo;
- Ukuba kukho iidipozithi ezinzulu, kuya kufuneka ucoceke iiplate zobushushu ukusuka kwi-pimer ephezulu yezixhobo ze-sederatus, emva koko uzikhuphele kwisisombululo se-acidic, emva koko uzihlambulule xa iqengqele xa i-acidic yengcinezelo iqengqele.
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Iimpawu zokuhlanjwa okungapheliyo zobushushu
Ngothintelo kunye nokuvuselelwa kokusebenza kweenkqubo zokufudumeza, i-bandswash isetyenziswa, imigaqo ebandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa ezenzelwe ukugungxulwa komfanekiso. Le ndlela isetyenziswa zombini ngoobaniselwano kwaye bathengisa ubushushu obuthengisiweyo.
Phakathi kweengxaki zale ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukwahlula isibakala sokuba ukuba ubushushu bubandakanyiwe ukuba bafakwe kwimibhobho (njl.), Impembelelo yokufudumeza ayizukuphumelela ngokwaneleyo , Nokuba yonke imithetho izaliseka. Kwaye inzuzo, enyanisweni, kukuba akukho mfuneko yokubambisa ubushushu obushushu.
Ukwakhiwa kobushushu obushushu.
Ukonakaliswa kweekhemikhali kwenziwa usebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo. Esi sixhobo sivumela ukucocwa kwamachiza kwe-weldided, intengiso okanye i-Lamellar yobushushu. Ngaphandle, yitanki eyenziwe ngeplastiki enamandla exhotyiswe ngendawo eyakhelweyo kunye nempompo yokutshintsha. Ngexesha lokuhlamba, umzekelo, i-plates yeflethi yesithambisi esi sixhobo sidityaniswe ngaphaya kwee-contors zeyunithi ngemingxunya yokuhamba.
Ngaphakathi esi sixhobo ngokwaso, kwinkqubo yokusebenza kukho i-curtgent ekhethekileyo eyenziwe kwisiseko sezongezo zezinto eziphilayo kunye ne-Orthophophoric Acid. I-Orthophophoric Acid ilungele ukucoca iikhemikhali kunye nokuhlamba: Ukuwela ngaphakathi kwesekethe yobushushu, iyoyikisa imichiza apho ikhoyo. Kunye noku, ngenxa yokuba kwisisombululo sokuhlamba sokuhlanjwa kweekhemikhali sokutshintshwa kobushushu sikwabandakanya ukuthintela i-inhibitors kunye noongezwa kwezixhobo, akubanga nako ukonakala kwiipleyiti zobushushu.
Emva kokuba wonke isikali sichithwe, isisombululo esimiselweyo kufuneka sikhutshelwe imingxunya yokugqobhoza, kwaye sicoce ubushushu ngamanzi acocekileyo. Emva koko, ukulungele ukusebenzisa kwakhona.
Le teknoloji yale mihla, ukuba ulandela yonke imithetho yokuphunyezwa kwayo, ineenzuzo ezininzi, ezizezi:
- Ukukwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ngaphandle kokuphazamisa okanye ukonakalisa inkqubo yokufudumeza nangaliphi na ixesha lonyaka, kubandakanya ixesha lokufudumeza;
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamalungiselelo eekhemikhali okusingqongileyo kunye nezqinisekiso zekhemikhali zibonelela ngeemeko ezikhuselekileyo zomsebenzi;
- Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho kunye nemveliso ephezulu yokusebenza;
- Ukuzalisekiswa kwako konke ukubopha komsebenzi kunye nomgangatho ophezulu kwaye kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Ukucoca abatshintshi beshushu kunye neenkqubo zokufudumeza, iziyobisi zale mihla zisetyenziswa ukukwahlulahlula inyibilikisi ye-orper kunye ne-alfals, kunye ne-inhibires, kunye ne-in-insibs, i-in-infhesti ithintele i-hydrochloric acid. Izinto ezisebenzayo ekuqulunqweni kwe-arhente yokucoca ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokuqhubela phambili, ekuvumela ukuba ususe ngokukhawuleza nangokunyibilikisa kwaye udanile. Abasasazi bathintela ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwe-sediments ehlanjiweyo (ngakumbi kwiindawo zokujikeleza), kwaye icandelo lokulwa linkcitho alivumeli isisombululo sokusebenza ukuze siphinde sibe sekwa kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yiyo. "Imimandla efileyo", ikuvumela ukuba ucoceke ngokupheleleyo umphezulu wemibhobho yokufudumeza.