Ukucinga ngokuthenga kwezindlu kwimakethi eyintloko, yiza kwinto yokuba amagumbi athengiswa ekulungiseni amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okulungela ukufaneleka. Eyona ixhaphakileyo kukugqitywa kwendlu. Yintoni, ukuba yintoni umsebenzi ngokwayo kubandakanya le nto kwaye uyakufumana oko uya kufumana isiphumo - ufunde kwinqaku.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zokulungisa amagumbi
Amagumbi kwizakhiwo ezitsha inokuthengwa ngedigri eyahlukeneyo yokuGqibela:
- Phantsi kokugqitywa okanye ngaphandle kokulungiswa.
- Phantsi kokugqitywa.
- Ngomhlophe wangaphambi kokuqala.
- Ugqityiwe ngokupheleleyo ovela kumphuhlisi.
Isaqala nje
Ezi nkcazo zimi kwintengiso zibonelela ngendawo yokuhlala kwizakhiwo ezitsha okanye kwizivumelwano zokwakha. Kwangelo xesha, ixabiso lemitha yesikwere lahluke uqinile kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lokugqiba. Ukuqonda ukuba yintoni umahluko, masiqonde ukuba zeziphi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokulungiswa ukusuka kumphuhlisi zahlukile.
Ngaphantsi kokugqitywa
Olu khetho luphelile ngaphandle kokugqiba. Ufumana ibhokisi kuphela. Iindonga zangaphandle kwaye ezo zibeke umda kwindlu yakho kwaye ayikho enye into. Kusenokuba lula, ukutywina kwigumbi lokuhlambela kunye nekhitshi. Yonke indawo yonke indawo ngaphandle kwezihluzo. Ukuba iindonga ziphoswa kwikhonkrithi, kwikhonkrithi engenanto. Iifabhu ezinqunu ngaphezulu kwentloko, i-Slab engalinganiyo phantsi kwemilenze. Yile nto uyifumanayo. Inye kuphela enokufakwa iifestile kwaye ayisoloko injalo. Kuxhomekeka kwiprojekthi ukuze lo mzuzu kufuneka uchazwe ngumphuhlisi.
Indlu ngaphandle kokugqiba ijongeka ngathi
Akukho lunxibelelwano. Kukho amanqaku onxibelelwano kubo: isivuno sokuntywila, imibhobho, igalelo lombane kwindlu, kwaye uninzi lwayo ngaphandle kweflethi. Qalisa nje inqanaba kumatshini. Ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi / ukuntywila emanzini eflethini akunjalo. Yonke le nto kufuneka uzenze yethu. Inkqubo yokufudumeza. Kwizakhiwo ezininzi ezitsha, i-wiring yenza ukuba umphuhli, nangona kusekho ngaphezulu. Oko kukuthi, igumbi ngaphandle komhlobiso-ngaphandle kokulungiswa.
Ukugqiba
Ukusuka kwinguqulelo yangaphambili, ihlulelwe yinyani yokuba kukho izahlulo ezithile (ubume obuqhelekileyo okanye indawo yesahlulelo kunye nenqanaba lakho lilungelelaniswe kwinqanaba lokutyikitya isivumelwano), phantsi izikhukula. Umbane unokuqhawula umtshato (cacisa), kodwa ezinye iinkqubo zobunjineli zibonakalisiwe ngamanqaku okufaka.
Yile nto ungayibonayo
Ndinethemba lokuba iindawo ezithintelweyo aziyi kuba nakho. Umgangatho womsebenzi uhlala ungaphantsi komndilili. Kuya kufuneka udibanise neendonga kunye nophahla. Ndifuna nje (mhlawumbi), ungqimba oluncinci lwezinto. Kwaye ke, ulindele uluhlu olupheleleyo lwemisebenzi, ebandakanya abantsundu begqibe igumbi, emva koko ugqibile.
Nge-pre-trigen
Eli ligumbi elilungiselelwe ukugqiba umsebenzi wokugqiba. Ukufunyanwa kombane, iindonga zihambelana, phantsi zizikhukuliseka ngesikhuselo esifubayo, uphahla luyenziwa. Kuya kufuneka ugqibezele kuphela izixhobo zokugqiba kunye nebala lezo (apho kufuneka khona). Ngaphandle kokuhonjiswa kuhlala kwigumbi lokuhlambela, igumbi lokuhlambela, indlu yangasese. Kwezi ndawo, ukulungiswa kuya kuba njalo nakuwe.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Ungadala njani igumbi lokuhlala elingaphakathi ngezandla zakho?
Kufanelekile ukuqonda ukuba "iindonga ezihambelana" kufuneka zihambelane ne-stip (imigangatho yokwakha kunye nemithetho), kwaye ivumela ukuphambuka kolu hlelo lulandelayo:
- ezindongeni ukuya kwi-15 mm nganye yesikwere,
- ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10 mm phantsi nasekupheleni.
Xa ujongene nophando, yonke into ayikho rosy
Ke, nokuba abakhi baxhase imilinganiselo (ayisoloko), ayizizo zonke izinto ezigqibileyo ezinokusetyenziswa "ne" moya ". Ngenxa yolu hlobo lokulungisa izakhiwo ezitsha, umntu unokuthetha into enye: Indlu enye iminyaka engama-3-5 iya kuhlala ihleli, ukuze imbonakalo yamandla sisisombululo sendalo ngokupheleleyo. Ngesi sizathu, akukho mfuneko yokuba usebenzise izinto zokugqiba ezixabiso ezixabisekileyo ngaxeshanye, kwaye phantsi kwenketho yethutyana kuya kubakho indawo egudileyo.
Ngokulungisa ngokupheleleyo kumphuhlisi
Uluhlu olupheleleyo lwenziwa, lube kukufakwa kwezinto zokugqiba, itrasti kunye neengcango zokungena, ufakelo lweempahla. Konke okudingayo kukunikezela ngefenitshala kwaye ungaphila.
Ihlala ibeka ifanitshala
Olu khetho lubonakala lulingayo-akukho sidingo sokubandezeleka xa sikhangela abasebenzi bokwakha. Kwaye kunjalo. Kodwa umgangatho wokulungiswa ophuma kumphuhlisi unqabile xa umntu ezanelisayo. Rhoqo, konke ukugqiba kuyasuswa kwaye kwenziwe kwakhona. Ngaphezu koko, ihlala ibeka iindonga (phantsi kwepeyinti ye-100%), galela i-acked iscreen.
Yintoni equka ukuqunjelwa kwendlu
Yintoni kanye kanye ebandakanywayo kumxholo "wokulungiswa" kwinkampani nganye kunye neBrigade zigqiba ngokwayo ngokuzimeleyo. Kwezi khetho zingasentla, amanqanaba amabini afanelekile kulo mxholo: Phantsi kwempumelelo kunye nesampulu yangaphambi. Njengoko ubona, inqanaba lokulungela kwendawo lahlukile ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye njani ukuyifumana? Funa uluhlu lwemisebenzi eza kubanjwa.
Uyilo kwiCandelo elitsha-Inkcazo eyiyo yoluhlu lwemisebenzi ayikho
Abanye babonisa uluhlu lomsebenzi onokwenzeka ngexabiso ngakwimitha nganye yesikwere. Kule meko, yonke into ilula: Nguwe wethu uchaza ukuba yintoni umsebenzi kwaye injani ivolumu oza kuyenza yeyona nto iphambili. Ukuba uluhlu lwemisebenzi ayisiyo, mcele ukuba avakalise okanye acele uluhlu lwemisebenzi ecetywayo yenziwa.
Ukulungiswa kwempucuko kuthetha ukugqitywa kwesivumelwano semvumelwano yokulungisa kunye nokugqitywa kwemisebenzi. Oku kuya kunciphisa umngcipheko wakho kwimeko yentshukumo yekhontrakthi engalunganga.
Nceda uqaphele: Xa usayine ikhontrakthi, wonke umsebenzi kufuneka ucaciswe. Kwaye kokukhona ngokuchanekileyo inkcazo (kunye nokuphambuka okufanelekileyo), iingxaki ezincinci onazo ngexesha lokwamkelwa.
Umzekelo woqikelelo kwikhitshi elirhabaxa
Iindidi eziphambili zomsebenzi
Njengoko sele ndithethe, abamnyama behonjiswe igumbi liqondwa lishishini ngalinye lokwakha ngendlela eyayo, kodwa bahlala becebisa uluhlu lwemisebenzi:
- Ukwakhiwa kwezihluzo kwisicwangciso esigqityiweyo.
- Ukuzaliswa komgangatho khutyulwe ii-beacon ngegumbi elingaphambi kokungasebenzi "elimanzi". Apha kuyimfuneko ukuba unikele ingqalelo. I-Stred inokomelezwa kwaye hayi. Kufuneka icacisa umahluko ophakanyisiweyo ovumelekileyo.
- I-wiring wiring:
- Ukufaka iphaneli yeflethi;
- Ukubekwa kweentambo zamandla kunye nefowuni ephantsi (ifowuni, kwi-Intanethi, i-intanethi ye-Intanethi, intambo ye-Cable) iingcingo zeendlela zentambo;
- Ukufaka i-theles (ngaphandle kwendawo yokuphuma, ukutshintshela).
Yile nto ungayibonayo njengesiphumo
- Iindonga zeplastiki zezibane.
- Ukubeka phantsi uphahla (ayingayiyo yonke le nto ingena kulo lonke le nto ingena kuluhlu olusisiseko, njengoko zihlala zenza uxinzelelo okanye ukuthathwa kweminquba).
- I-wiring yemibhobho yamanzi ebandayo kunye eshushu, i-lawuli.
Olu luhlu lwemisebenzi kwiflethi yelifa lisisiseko semibutho emininzi enikezela ukulungiswa ngaphandle kokugqitywa.
Amagqabantshintshi ngombane
Amagqabantshintshi aliqela malunga ne-wiring yombane. Ngaphambi kokwenza umsebenzi, kufuneka kwenziwe isicwangciso, esaphawula inani leziseko kunye namanqaku okuqhagamshela izixhobo zokukhala kwigumbi ngalinye, icandelo le-automata, i-RCD (ifundwe apha) nganye nganye Amasebe ebalwa. Kuya kufuneka ucacisele ukuba ngubani oza kwenza lo msebenzi.
Umbane - Inxalenye yoNxibelelwano
Ukuba iskimu sombane sombane siya kuphuhliswa, kufuneka uqale uqhelene neprojekthi. Ngapha koko, kuya kuba kufanelekile ukubonisa ingcali okanye izama ukuthoba yonke imingxunya. Ukuba yonke into ihamba kakuhle iprojekthi, kuya kufuneka ulawule yonke into ukuya kwi-cable rab kunye neeparamitha zayo. Igama ukuba liyimfuneko ukulinganisa i-diameter yeyonyani yeengcingo zobhedu kwaye zibale icandelo lomnqamlezo ecaleni kwayo, lithelekisa neprojekthi. Rhoqo kukho ukungangqinelani okukhulu (iivenkile zabavelisi, kodwa kufuneka zilandelele). Umbane kunzima ukuya kwi-reso, kuba iingcingo zifihliwe phantsi kwe-stucco kwaye ziyitshintshe kakhulu nokuba zifakwe kwimibhobho ye-corrugated. Kungenxa yoko le yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ezibonelela abantsundu bagqibezela igumbi kunye nokulawula inoxanduva kakhulu.
Kwindawo yodonga kunye nolungelelwaniso lomgangatho
Ngaphambi kokutsala ikhontrakthi yokuhombisa idrafti yendlu, chaza indlela ezigudileyo zodonga, phantsi. Kucetyiswa ukuba kufezekiswe amanani athile ekufuneka alungiswe kwimvumelwano. Kucacile, "akukho mntu uya kwenza" phantsi kweqanda ", kodwa iyinyani loo mahluko kwindawo ye-Squere.
Yintoni kanye kanye oya kuba yindawo yakho - yile nto kufuneka uyifumane
Chaza kwakhona ukuba ithambeka lifakiwe kwindonga ye-plaster. Rhoqo le nxalenye yomsebenzi iboniswe kuluhlu lwemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo, kuya kufuneka ihlawule ngaphezulu kwayo.
Umsebenzi ongezelelweyo
Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba uyithatha njengeyimfuneko, iindidi ezinjalo zomsebenzi zinokongezwa kuluhlu oluphambili lwemisebenzi:
- Zonke iintlobo zokuphazamisa izixhobo zokugqibela zokugqiba (ukusuka kwipeyinti kunye nephepha lodonga kwi-plaster);
- Ukugaya iindonga (i-antiseptics okanye unxibelelwano lwekhonkrithi);
- Ufakelo lwegridi phantsi kodaka;
- Uyilo losiweyo;
Umsebenzi owongezelelweyo-kwiziphumo ezingcono
- intengiso ye-shirmal kunye nendawo yokufakelwa isandi kumagumbi nakwi-balcony;
- ukutshintshwa okanye ukutshintshela kwe-radiators;
- I-welding isebenza kumngcipheko wokubanda kwaye kushushu amanzi;
- Ufakelo lweenkqubo zokungena moya.
Mhlawumbi uza kunikwa ezinye iintlobo zomsebenzi. Konke kuxhomekeke kwinkampani ethile. Mhlawumbi baneengcali ezizodwa eziya kubonelela ngeendlela zomsebenzi zabo.
Obona ngcono
Ukuba umhlobiso wendlu ye-Mnyama yendlu akazukwenziwa nguwe, kuya kufuneka ukhethe ngeendlela ezimbini zokhetho:
- hlawula igumbi elingaphandle kokulungiswa, kwaye kwi-REAMIR yokuqesha i-ofisi ye-brigade okanye i-ofisi yokulungisa;
- Hlela igumbi ngokukhawuleza ngokugqitywa.
Ngokwe-datha yonke, ukhetho lokuqala lukhethekile. Fumana umongo owenza ukuba kube lula ukulungisa izakhiwo ezintsha akukho lula, kodwa mhlawumbi. Umthengi opasa amagumbi anendlela eyoneleyo jikelele iphantse ibe yintsomi. Yonke into icacisiwe.
Ufumana ubunzima
Iiofisi zokulungisa zifumana iingcali ezithile phantsi kweendidi ezithile zomsebenzi. Bazibandakanya kuphela ngale nto, zisonka sabo, igama labo, ngenxa yoko, umgangatho womsebenzi, imibutho ethile yokuzihlonipha. Kumphuhlisi, eyona nto iphambili yinkqubo yokwakha kwaye kugxininiswa ekwakhiweni kwebhokisi kwaye kungakugqibi. Ukugqiba imisebenzi yingeniso yecala, hayi njengento enomdla (kwimali elingana) kwaye bambalwa abantu abazixhalabisa kakhulu ngomgangatho wabo. Ngayiphi na imeko, kwilizwe lethu kuye kwakho imeko.
Mhlawumbi kwenye indawo kukho abaphuhlisi abaphethe iingcali zoqeqesho ezifanelekileyo. Kodwa koku, bahlala benazo izinto ezintsha zomsebenzi wabo ukuze ezi ngcebiso zihlala zixakekile, kungenjalo azincedi nto. Ukuba unethamsanqa ngokwaneleyo ukufumana umthengi onjalo, ubonile (kungekuphela kwifoto) kwaye wawa amagumbi okugqibela, ukuba uqhutywa igumbi elinegumbi elinokuphathwa ngaphandle kwemibuzo. Ngaphandle koko, jonga ukuqina okwenzeka ekugqibeleni.
Yintoni onokuyijonga yokwamkelwa komsebenzi
Ukugqitywa kwendlu kwisakhiwo esitsha ngaphezulu, kufuneka uthathe umsebenzi. Kodwa kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba yintoni enokunikela ingqalelo kwindlela kwaye ungayijonga njani. Ukukunceda ngesivumelwano otyikityeyo ngomphuhlisi okanye inkampani yokulungisa. Kufuneka kubekho uluhlu lwemisebenzi ekufuneka yenziwe. Kuya kufuneka ujonge:
- Zinjani iindonga ezigudileyo. Ukwenza oku, uyakufuna inqanaba elifanelekileyo lokwakha kunye nomgca omde okanye umgaqo (ngaphezulu kwemitha ngokuthe ngqo, kwaye Zingcono iimitha ezili-1.5-2 ). Inqanaba jonga ubume beendonga, umgca okanye umgaqo, ukusebenzisa eludongeni nakwiinkcitho kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kuvandlakazela i-humps kunye nokudakumba.
- Itshekishe phantsi. Ukongeza, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ngokuthe tyaba.
Kuya kufuneka ukhuphe izixhobo ezahlukeneyo
- Jonga ii-angles-ngaphandle nangaphandle. Kuya kufuneka babe ngama-90 ° (Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukuba nonxantathu omkhulu, kodwa ungajonga into kwintombazana).
- Jonga umbane. Uya kudinga isalathiso sesalathiso. Ukuba kukho i-voltage (iSigaba), isalathisi sikhanya kuyo. Ukuba akukho voti, isalathiso asitshisi. Yile nto kufuneka uyijonge:
- Jonga ukuba oomatshini bokuzikhusela baphathwa sisigaba, kwaye singayi-zero. Ukuba ucima umatshini wokhuseleko, akufuneki ukuba kungabikho zigaba eziphathwayo zeli qela (uchukumisa i-probe yesalathiso ngeendlela ezifana nesokisi eziboniswe phantsi kwesokisi).
- Beka iibhalbhu kwiibhabhuli, jonga ukusebenza kweenkolelo. Apha, nayo, isigaba kufuneka ivaliwe (ukuba uguqula izitshixo zokutshintsha "kwindawo", kwiingcingo ezihamba esikhanyayo akufuneki zibe yi-voltage).
- Ukubandakanya isibane setafile ekuthetheni (ukuba ifakiwe), qinisekisa ukuba bayasebenza.
- Unokudala ngokusesikweni kwisekethe emfutshane, ejonga intsebenzo yomatshini. Kodwa oku kuphela ukuba uyayazi indlela nento yokwenza.
- Ukuba kuye kwafuneka wenze ubume bamanzi, jonga ukusebenza kwazo zonke iikhreyini.
Kufuneka sihlole kwaye sikhangele yonke into
Ukuba kukho amagqabantshintshi, kufuneka wenze uluhlu lwabo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abamele inkampani basayiniwe. Kwithiyori, izimvo zakho kufuneka zisuswe.
Inqaku lesihloko