Ilungiselelo lekhonkrithi elithwele ikhonkrithi lifuna loo nkqubo yale mihla le ndawo, njengomgangatho oshushu. Ekuqaleni, ukugcwalisa kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwekhonkrithi akukho kubunzima.
Nangona kunjalo, kuvavanyo olusondeleyo, lo msebenzi uneminayina emininzi, ejonge ngokungqongqo ukuba unokufumana i-Screen esiphezulu esimnyama esinokungasebenzi kwishumi leminyaka. Itekhnoloji yokugcwaliswa kwe-cubie yomgangatho kwindlu yabucala ineempawu zayo.
Injongo yekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi
Isamente emnyama esenza i-scred ekhulelweni ye-radiods kwicandelo lemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo.
Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwengubo yomgangatho, eyona ndima iphambili iqhotyoshelwe kule okanye enye ipropathi yekhonkrithi.
Qwalasela into indima endinokudlala indima yekhonkrithi kwilungiselelo lemigangatho kwindlu yabucala.
Inqanaba lomphezulu
I-Stred iya kugcina kwiingxaki zokulwa kunye nokudakumba
Eyona njongo iphambili yesamente ikhwaza kukuyilwa komphezulu ogudileyo noqinileyo wesiseko.
Ukulala kwalo naliphi na isigqubuthelo semigangatho yanamhlanje akunakwenzeka kumhlaba ongalinganiyo, ogqunywe ziigrump kunye noxinzelelo.
Ungqingo olusezantsi olusezantsi kwelinye icala lwenza ukuba likwazi ukugcina iingoma ezinamathela kakhulu zokugqiba ukuphindezela, ukuvumela ukuba wenze ukuba ubeke umncinci wabo.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ngaphandle kwesiseko esihle, akunakwenzeka ukufumana indawo ebonakalayo yomgangatho wokuhombisa.
Ukwenza isiseko esomeleleyo
Imigangatho emnyama, ngenxa yamandla awodwa eempawu zekhonkrithi zekhonkrithi, dlala indima yomhlaba owenza ubukhali wefanitshala kunye nezinto zombane zekhaya. Ukuzaliswa kwendlela ukomelela kwikhonkrithi egcweleyo kumandla omgangatho endlwini.
Izinto zokugqitywa kokugqibela kwisiseko sesiseko esiqinileyo asizukutshintsha, ukuba sizenzele, ukuba siphumelele kwaye siqhekeze.
Xa ufaka endlwini yayo, iinkqubo zokufudumeza eziqhubekayo, ezinjengamanzi okanye intambo kunye nemigangatho yentambo, akunakwenzeka ukuba wenze ngaphandle kwekhonkrithi.
Kule meko, yenza imisebenzi emibini ngaxeshanye-ukhuselo kunye nokudluliselwa kobushushu.
Imisebenzi yokhuselo
Ikhonkrithi iyakukhusela imigangatho efudumeleyo evela kwiskimfo kunye nokuvezwa koomatshini
Ukufudumeza izinto zeenkqubo zokufudumeza zisengozini yokuvezwa komzimba. Phantsi komthwalo wangaphandle, imibhobho yeplastiki yokuhamba okuphuhlisayo inokutshitshiswa kwaye yoyike.
Ngenxa yamanzi ashushu okanye i-antiforze, kuya kuba nzima okanye imiswe ngokubanzi. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba umgangatho ugutyungelwe phezulu kwezinto zokufudumeza.
Ukufudumeza iintambo zombane kunye nendlela efanayo, evulekileyo, ekusebenzeni ngayo kunokuphazamiseka ngengozi okanye umtya wawo wokufaka i-krasula uya konakala.
Ukwenzela ukuphepha ingxaki enjalo, izinto zokufudumeza imigangatho efudumeleyo ayihambelani kuphela kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi, kodwa iphinde yathululwa. Ngaphantsi kweqokobhe elinjalo, abasoyiki naziphi na iimpembelelo zangaphandle.
Utshintshelo lobushushu
Isiseko esinjalo siqhutywa kakuhle
Ukuthulula izinto zokufudumeza ngesisombululo sekhonkrithi kukuvumela ukuba uphucule ukusebenza kakuhle komgangatho oshushu.
Inyani yile yokuba ukulandelwa kwe-HOORT TORDE CREPRETE iphezulu kunezinye izixhobo.
Enkosi kule, amandla e-shirmal adlula ekhwaza e-disses, kwaye iindleko ezincinci zamandla ziyafuneka ukutshisa igumbi ukuya kwiqondo lokuhlala elihle.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela
Kwimigangatho yekhonkrithi kufuneka ukuvala imifula, susa inkunkuma
Inqaku lesihloko: Yila igumbi elinamagumbi amathathu entsapho enabantwana ababini
Ngaphambi kokuba enze itsheyi yomgangatho ngezandla zawo endlwini yabucala, inani lomsebenzi wokulungiselela kufuneka lwenziwe.
Isimilo sabo siya kuxhomekeka ngokupheleleyo kuyilo lweNdlu kwaye kweliphi ilizwe eliphetheyo ukuba lugaleleke.
Kwisakhiwo sokuhlala kwisakhiwo somntu ngamnye, sinokuba:
- Indawo yomhlaba. Olu khetho kunokwenzeka ukuba uyilo lweNdlu aluboneleli ngobukho begumbi okanye kwigumbi elingaphantsi. Kule meko, njengesiseko sekhonkrithi, umphezulu womhlaba ngokuthe ngqo.
- Umgangatho wekhonkrithi. Olona hlobo luqhelekileyo lwesiseko sokuqaqamba. Kwindlu yabucala, imigangatho yekhonkrithi ifakwe kwiipleyiti okanye igalelwe yindlela ye-monolithic ngenkxaso yeendonga zesiseko sekhonkrithi. Kwangelo xesha, iindonga zeNdlu zinokwenziwa zezona zixhobo zahlukileyo - izitena, iinkuni, ezenziwe ngekhonkrithi, njl.
- Umgangatho wamaplanga. Ngaphandle kwezimvo eziphikisayo, ifowuni yekhonkrithi ikhutshiwe ngomgangatho wokhuni kunokwenzeka. Kule nto, kuyimfuneko ukulungiselela izakhiwo zeplanga ngokuthobela ngokupheleleyo nemigaqo yokwakha.
Ukuqaphela kuphela zonke iingcebiso ze-snips eziphathelelene ngokuzaliswa kwesamente, unokufumana umphezulu womgangatho ophezulu ofanelekileyo.
Cinga ngenkqubo yokuqhuba umsebenzi wokulungiselela kwicandelo ngalinye elidwelisiweyo.
Ukulungiswa kweSel
Isiseko somhlaba sikhululwe kwinkunkuma kunye ne-turf de ramesmes
Okokuqala, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukukhulula yonke indawo yomgangatho wexesha elizayo ukusuka nakweyiphi na indalo. Kwangelo xesha, phantsi kwegama elithi "ukulungelelanisa" lithetha hayi kuphela izihlahla kunye nengca, kodwa kunye nomaleko womhlaba omnyama ongaqhelekanga.
Kufuneka isuswe ngononophelo kwinkangeleko ye-Minerals ePhezulu-Isanti, uClay, uSoglinka, njl.
Inyani yile yokuba izinto eziphilayo zibandakanyeka ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngenxa yoko, isisombululo se-Bay kwi-organic yomhlaba, sibeka emngciphekweni weminyaka elishumi elinambini ukuze ube lilize phantsi komgangatho. Into enokukhokelela kuyo, kucacile nakubani na: Ukuqhekeza isiseko se-monoliki, kwaye kwiyona meko imbi kakhulu ingenayo kunye ne-sediment ekwakheni ukungabi nabulungisa.
Emva kokususwa komaleko, ukuvelisa iqonga eliveliswayo. Ngezi njongo, kunokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise isiseko somhlaba ngokuhambisa umhlaba ngamacandelo aphezulu asezantsi.
Iindawo ezihlekisayo emva kokugqitywa komsebenzi kufuneka zitshiswe ngononophelo. Ukufezekisa ifuthe elingcono, kunokwenzeka ukuba isuse inxenye ye-bulk yesiseko kunye namanzi amaninzi ukuya kwinqanaba elipheleleyo lomhlaba.
Umaleko we-sand hamesmes kufuneka ibe yi-5-cm
Ukuba akukho lukholo lulungileyo lokungqinelana nomhlaba omkhulu, unokucelwa phantsi koxinzelelo lwesisombululo sekhonkrithi.
Ngenxa yoko, endaweni yendawo egudileyo yomgangatho oyilwayo, umngcipheko ukufumana i-bias ebalulekileyo kwelinye icala.
Emva komgangatho womhlaba ulungelelaniswe nemeko eyamkelekileyo, ivelise umqamelo wentlabathi ene-5-16 cm ngobukhulu be-5-15 cm. Iyafuneka ukuphucula i-hitch yesisombululo kunye nomhlaba, ngokunjalo Njengakwindlela yokufumana i-absululical yothusa ngexesha lomhlaba wonyaka. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kumhlaba ophelisiweyo kunye nonkcenkceshela.
Ukulungiswa komgangatho wekhonkrithi
Eyona nguqulelo incinci yokugada i-thung yendlu yabucala, ukuba sithatha ukubala ukuba yonke imigangatho yokwakha sele iqatshelwe xa kufakwa ii-Slabs.
Kule meko, uya kuba nokuhlola kuphela onke amaphepha eepleyiti kwaye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, vala imifuno ngeepleyiti okanye isilivere esolwandle.
Ukuba imigangatho yekhonkrithi ifakwe phantsi kwe-bias ethe tyaba, ulungelelanise iziphene ezifanayo kufuneka zikhuselwe.
Inqaku lesihloko: Cshanisa ibhetri yegesi
Ukulungiswa komgangatho wamaplanga kwi-Tokola
Jonga isakhiwo samandla, kufuneka sibambe ubunzima bomzimba wekhonkrithi
Olona xesha liya kuba ngumsebenzi kumalungiselelo omgangatho wamaplanga kukuzaliswa kwesamente. Isiseko somthi seyona ixhaphakileyo kwisakhiwo sendawo yokuhlala nganye.
Eyona nto iphambili, imigangatho yeplanga ayenzelwanga kwikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi yezikhuthazi ngaphezulu kwayo. Oku kuqhagamshelwe ngekheri enomthi omthi, kwaye ngobomi obuncinci beenkuni xa kuthelekiswa nekhonkrithi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kukho iimeko apho kufuneka wenze ngaphandle kwaye uxhobisele isamente phantsi komgangatho wokhuni.
Okokuqala, kuya kufuneka wenze uhlaziyo olupheleleyo lwezakhiwo zeplanga ukuze kufunyanwe ukubola okanye ukuntywila. Zonke izinto ezichatshazelwe yifungus kufuneka zisuswe, kwaye umphezulu wezinto ezisele zenziwe ngomthi uqhubekisiwe zizimo ze-antiseptic. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokutsala kumgangatho wamaplanga, jonga le vidiyo:
Kuya kuba kuhle ukunyanga iinkuni ngesisombululo nxamnye nomthi womthi-umthi.
Emva kophicotho, kwakhiwa kweplanga kufuneka komelezwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ukuba kukho amathandabuzo malunga nokukwazi kwayo okuxhasayo, kuyimfuneko ukomeleza isiseko se-pillar eyongezelelweyo.
Inyani yile yokuba i-conrite yekhonkrithi icwebezwe nge-5 cm inobunzima obungaphezulu kwe-200 kg nganye ye-Sq.m., eya kudala uxinzelelo olunomtsalane kulo lonke uloyilo lwe-oglaps.
Izilayiri phantsi kwebhodi kufuneka zibekwe kwinyathelo le-0,5 m. Iibhodi ngokwazo zifanele zibe nobungqingqwa obuyi-5 cm, kwaye zinqweneleka ukuba zenzele imithi emininzi eqinileyo, enjenge-barch.
Isixhobo sokuhambisa amanzi
Ukuhamba kwamanzi kunyanzelisa i-mvume
Emva koko, ngaphezulu kwesiseko, ukulungiswa kwamanzi kufuneka kulungiswe. Kuyimfuneko ukuthintela ukuvuza kwamasuntswana amancinci amantshontsho ukusuka kwigumbi elingaphantsi malunga ne-pores kwikhonkrithi.
Ukuqokelelwa phantsi komgangatho, ubushushu buqinisa ukukhulisa ukubumba nokubola.
Ukudalwa kwecala lokungaphindezelwa kwamanzi, iindidi ezimbini eziphambili zezinto ezinokusetyenziswa - ukudibana kunye nekhalene (iqengqelwe) amanzi.
Ukuhlala i-Butuminoulous kuyakukhusela iinkuni ukusuka ekrwada
Uhlobo lokuqala luluhlu olusetyenziswayo olusetyenziswayo kusetyenziswa iibrashi okanye iirollers. Zidalwe kwisiseko se-bitumen okanye i-polymers, kunye nomgaqo wokusebenza kwabo kukugcwalisa zonke izinto ezincinci, ezigubungela ukufikelela kubukhosi egumbini.
I-inlet ifakwe ngohlobo lweeroli, ezijikelezwe ngaphaya komphezulu weziseko kwaye ziqhotyoshelwe kuyo ngokwenza i-mastic.
Iphepha ngalinye lokungqengqeleka amanzi aqengqelekayo liphezulu kwelinye eli-5 ukuya kwele-10 cm, kwaye i-dibane ineeleyibhile ngokupheleleyo ngesisombululo esinamathela. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, i-2-3 i-2-3 yeengqimba zamanzi zinokuboniswa.
Ukuqiniswa
I-Stred kunye nokuqiniswa kuya kuba namandla ngakumbi
Inqanaba elilandelayo lomsebenzi kukwenza isakhelo sokuqina. Ukuqiniswa kukuvumela ukuba unyuse kakhulu amandla ekhonkrithi, thintele ukuqhekeka kwayo ngexesha lokusebenza.
Ekhaya, iArmokas inokwenziwa ngezandla zakho. Ukwenza oku, uyakufuna i-finsed okanye i-fiebberglass yokuqiniswa nge-diameter ye-6 - 10 mm, iwindows ye-wire, i-will ye-wine okanye i-bulgaria. Sika ukuqiniswa kwecandelo lobude obufunayo, oluthambezela i-wireless rossm. Ngenxa yoko, sifumana i-lattce ngobukhulu beeseli malunga ne-5 cm.
Ngaphantsi kwesakhelo kufuneka sibekwe kwisivumelwano ukuze igridi ayixoki ebusweni besiseko, kwaye ikhuliswe ngaphezulu kwayo ubuncinci i-10 - 20 mm.
Ukulungiswa komxube we-rating
Okulandelayo, qhubela ngqo ekutsaleni logatya lomgangatho. Ubume babo bunokulungiswa ngezandla zakho, okanye ukuthenga umxube owenziwe ngenziwe kwivenkile yokwakha.Inqaku lesihloko: I-Confts yeNtwasahlobo yekhaya nabantwana
Isisombululo esahlukileyo
Ukongeza iiplasitiki kuya kwenza umxube we-Mixter
Olu khetho, ngaphandle kwento yalo, isathandwa kakhulu ngenxa yezoqoqosho.
Ukwenza isisombululo sokugcwalisa i-scred, uyakufuna la macandelo alandelayo:
- I-Port Supecesland Pation ayiphantsi kwe-m-400.
- Isanti enkulu okanye igravel encinci.
- Amanzi.
Ukuba ifunwa, iprimbies yeplasitili eyenza ikhonkrithi kwaye inobuchule kwaye i-fliccent kwisisombululo inokongezwa kwisisombululo.
Oku kuyakwenza kakhulu lula ukunxibelelana kwaye kuya kukuvumela ukuba wenze umsebenzi ngamandla kunye nexesha elincinci.
Xa usebenzisa i-stred kwindlu yabucala ngaphezulu komgangatho wamaplanga njenge-filler, kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise i-Perlite okanye i-clamzite, eya kunciphisa ukuxinana kunye nobunzima besisombululo.
Ukufumana i-Seript esemgangathweni ephezulu, kuya kufuneka ulandele ubungakanani ocetyiswayo yimigangatho yokwakha.
Itheyibhile ibonisa uluhlu lwamacandelo ukulungiselela iintlobo ezithile zesamente.
Ilungele ukuxuba
Kumxube owomileyo, amacandelo akhethwa kwi-dosage ngqo
Namhlanje kwivenkile yokwakha i-supermark kukho uluhlu olukhulu lwee-xube ezomileyo ezenzelwe ukugalela imigangatho yedrafti.
Imixube eyomileyo, ngenxa yethamo ekhethiweyo lamacandelo, zahlulahlulwe ngumgangatho ophezulu wesisombululo esibalulekileyo.
Enye indlela kunye nokusebenzisa lula ukuyisebenzisa. Ukulungiselela isisombululo sokusetyenziswa-sebenzisa, kwanele ukunyibilikisa umxube wamanzi kwinani eliboniswe kwiphakheji. Ukuphela kwemigca yokuxubana kwemixube egqityiweyo ziindleko zabo eziphezulu.
Ke ngoko lowo uyidliweyo radi, ugcwaliswe kukusetyenziswa kwemixube eyomileyo, uyakuxabisa amaxesha ama-2-3 abiza kakhulu kunamalungiselelo abo ekhonkrithi agalelwe ikhonkrithi.
Ukuthulula itoti.
Iindlela ezincinci zinokwenziwa ngeprofayili yentsimbi
Emva kwayo yonke imisebenzi yokulungiselela kuthathwa ngokuzalisa isisombululo. Okokuqala, bonisa iimpawu ezithe tyaba - "ii-beacon". Kuyenzeka ukuba ubenzele ukusuka kuloliwe ogudileyo, ibha okanye iprofayile yentsimbi.
Sinemigca yabo efanayo ngaphezulu kwendawo yonke yekamva elizayo. Umgama phakathi kwabo akufuneki ngaphezulu kwe-1 m ukuze kulungelelwaniso oluchanekileyo lwekhonkrithi.
Kule ndawo unayo indawo ephantsi komhlaba, faka umthambo wobume bendlela yobungakanani be-hatch yexesha elizayo.
Ukulungelelaniswa kweeBecons ngaphaya kwe-the rizines yenziwa nge-laser, inqanaba le-hydraulic okanye yokwakha. Qala ufakelo lulandelayo ukusuka kwelona nqanaba liphezulu lesiseko.
Ngenxa yoko, siye savuma izilonda ezingxandeweyo ngokudibeneyo Siqala ukuzalisa ngesamente yesamente elungiselelwe, sililungelelanise ngoncedo lomgaqo omkhulu. Ukuthulula lula ukusebenza komsebenzi kufuneka uqalwe kwikona ekude ngokunxulumene nomnyango.
Ukuba ubukhulu benqanaba lokuphawula lungaphezulu kwe-50 mm, ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba igaleleke kwiimkelelo ezimbini. Okokuqala, umaleko wokuqala uthulula, kwaye emva kokuba kwanele ukuba yome, umaleko wesibini. Ngale nto, uyakuphepha ingozi yokuqhekeza umaleko we-ternick ugcwalisa xa uyomisa.
Kwakhona, i-scred yomisa ayibuhlungu, kufuneka ivalwe ngefilimu yePolithyenene, ethintela ukuvela kwamanzi kakhulu. Funda ngakumbi malunga nokuzaliswa kwezinto ezihlekisayo ze-beacons, jonga le vidiyo:
Ngemozulu eshushu, ngenjongo enye, kufuneka siyinkcenkceshele umphezulu wekhonkrithi ngamanzi qho kwiintsuku ezi-2. Umhla wokugqibela wokukomisa ukugcwaliswa kwekhonkrithi kuxhomekeka kubunzima bayo, ukungqinelana kokuqala kunye nenqanaba lokufuma egumbini.
Ngokwesiqhelo le nkqubo ivela kwiintsuku ezintathu phambi kweveki. Ubunzima obupheleleyo bufumana iiveki ezi-4 kuphela emva kokuzaliswa, ke ngoko sebenza, kunikezelwe kumsebenzi owenziwayo kwilungiselelo lomgangatho kucetyiswa kungaphambili kunenyanga.