I-Petroline Generator-iimodeli ezimbini ezinesine
Isixhobo esinezinto ezibini-stroke silula kakhulu kune-stytoke, kuba akukho nkqubo yokusasaza yenyama kunye negesi kumacandelo abo. Ukuveliswa kweenjini ezimbini ezinamatsobe zixabisa ixabiso elibi kakhulu, kwaye ke ngoko kwimarike ezi zenjini zinexabiso eliphantsi. Ngenxa yenani elincinci leewotshi, izinto eziphezulu zezinto eziphezulu zinikiwe.
Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, ukucaca kwabo kwenxalenye yeyona nto ibalulekileyo kwezinye iimpawu ezimbi. Umzekelo, ukuzalisa iinjini ezimbini-stroke ziyimfuneko kumxube owodwa we-petroli kunye neoyile kwindawo ethile. Ngalo lonke ixesha ngaphambi kokuphinda-phinda, ngekhe kube kude nokuphindisa umyinge womxube wamafutha. Ukongeza, xa ivutha umxube onjalo, ukugungqa okunetyhefu kuyasekwa, ngenxa yokuba zonke iinjini ezinamagqabi zineempawu ezisezantsi zokusingqongileyo, kwanaphandle kwento yokuba baxhotyiswe kumzi-mveliso abaneefilitha ezizodwa.
Injini yokuhlaselwa kabini kufuneka ihlanjululwe kwigumbi lokudibana ngexesha lokusebenza ngexesha lokusebenza, kuba ayinazo ii-valves ekufuneka ihambisa ipetroli kunye nomxube womoya. Emva kwento ye-enjini yenjini nganye, uvavanyo lwegesi luyasuswa kuyo, kwaye oku kuhamba kunye nokuphuma kwenxalenye yomxube onokutsha, kungenxa yoko le nto kusetyenziswa ipetroli enkulu kubonakala khona ngexesha lomsebenzi. Enye i-xus injini ye-stroke ezimbini yingxolo enkulu xa isebenza.
Kungabonakala ngathi injini ye-stsroke ezimbini kufuneka ibe namandla amakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokubetha, ukugweba ngevolumu yokusebenza. Kodwa eneneni iinjini ezimbini ezinamagqabi zinamandla angama-50% amandla asezantsi ngenxa yokuba inenkqubo engaphelelanga.
Ukuba umnini we-generator, oxhotywe ngenjini ye-stroke ezimbini, unokuvala amehlo efuna ukubalwa komxube wamafutha, ukungabinayityhefu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetyhefu, emva koko oku kungasasebenzi Ienjini zenjini zinokuphinda kabini ubutyebi obuncinci kunemivimbo emine.
Izibonelelo zeenjini ezinamafutha amane ivuza ngaphandle kweengozi ezibini ezinesibini. Ubukho benkqubo yokucoca i-yebrice kukuvumela ukuba ufake ioyile kwinkqubo kube kanye kwaye usebenze kuyo ngaphandle kwelahleko de kube kufanelekile ukutshintshwa. Kwitanki, umniniyo kufuneka agcwalise kuphela ipetroli, ngaphandle kokuxube i-oyile kwangaphambili. Enkosi kule nto, iinjini ezinamafutha amane zixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu ekusebenzeni kune-strooke yesibini.
Kananjalo iinjini ezinamaqhinga abane xa zisebenza kwi-IDLE kunye ne-dadation ephantsi, zizinzile ngakumbi, kwaye iigesi zabo ezizenziwe ngexesha lokuvutha kwe-petroli kune-oyile. Ngenxa yoku, i-ecology isetyenziswa umonakalo omncinci. Ubutyebi beenjini ezinamacala amane bumalunga ne-2000-2500 iiyure zokusebenza.
Iimpazamo ezingenakuchazwa kweenjini ezinjalo, unokuqaqambisa amandla aphantsi okuba ngaphezulu, ubukhulu nobunzima, kunye nexabiso eliphezulu.
Esona sibonelelo sibalulekileyo sobuhlaseli ekhaya kunye nokunika, osebenza kwi-petroli kukwazisa ngokulula kwimozulu ebandayo kwiqondo lokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwi-degree.
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Ipetroli yabavelisi bepetroli
Kwipasipoti yawo nawuphi na umvelisi, iimpawu zeoyile kunye ne-oyile, ekufuneka isetyenziswe. Kwimodeli yanamhlanje yeemveliso ze-petrols, i-tetrolid ipetroli ye-A-92 ye-A-92 idla ngokugalelwa. Kule meko, kungabikho kunqunyanyiswa kwi-petroli, kwaye kufanele kubonakale. Akukho mfuneko yokuba isebenzise i-fuels ye-yethyl, kunye ne-petroli inani elaliphethwe ngu-methanol. Ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo komvelisi wepetroli, uphawu lwe-A-95 alulunganga, kuphela i-A-92 ye-A-92 ifuneka.Umvelisi onamandla o-5kw, ukusela ipetroli malunga ne-1.8 yeelitha ngeyure, oko kukuthi, ngetanki yeelitha ezili-10, umvelisi uya kuba nakho ukusebenza malunga neeyure ezintlanu ezinesiqingatha ngaphandle kwekhefu.
I-Dienerators
Emva koko siza kuthetha ngesityalo samandla, esinenjini yedizili, i-generator, i-automation, izixhobo zokulawula, itanki yamafutha, kunye neenkqubo ezisasaza umbane obekiweyo. Yonke le nto ibekwe kwisakhelo esiqhelekileyo.
Izityalo zedizili zedizili zinokwahluka ngokwakha ngokupheleleyo, oko kukuthi, kukwisikithi esinciphisa ingxolo, okanye ngaphandle kwawo. Ngokweempawu, izityalo zedizili zedizili zahlukile kwi-frequency yangoku nakwizixhobo zayo, amandla kunye nokwangoku (isigaba sesithathu okanye isigaba sesithathu okanye isigaba esithathu okanye esisigxina).
Iimodeli ezinephononongo zoMoya zinamandla amakhulu angama-6 kW. Ezi modeli zineempawu zokusebenza ezibazisa kufutshane ne-penderators ze-petroli-ubukho bezithintelo zomsebenzi oqhubekayo (malunga neeyure eziyi-8), ubungakanani obukhulu. Umvelisi wedizili opholileyo opholileyo unobomi obuziikhilomitha ezingama-3 500000, kwaye oku malunga ne-70% ngaphezulu kwe-genesine ye-petroli. I-generator enjalo idluliselwe kakhulu kumgangatho we-diesel ipetroli, kuyabiza kakhulu kune-analog ye-petroli kunye nemisebenzi enengxolo enkulu.
Kukwakhona nabavelisi abanenkqubo yokupholisa i-oyile okanye amanzi asetyenzisiweyo. Izityalo zedizili zedizili ezipholile ngale ndlela zidlulisiwe ziimpawu ezinye ezinye iintlobo zezihlalo.
Ezi nzuzo zibandakanya:
- Ukuba kukho inani elaneleyo lepetroli, elinokwazi ukusebenza kakuhle unyaka wonke;
- Kuxhomekeka kwimodeli, amandla ahluka ukusuka kwi-5 kw kwiMegawatta enye;
- Intshukumo ngumyinge we-10,000 iiyure;
- Mhlawumbi ubukho bento yokufakelwa kwesandi.
I-Dienerators i-Dienerators inenzuzo eqhelekileyo - akukho phunga linokutsha kokuchithwa kwedizili, kuba ipetroli yedizili ibeka kakubi kakhulu emoyeni.
Izinto ezingalunganga ziquka:
- Ixabiso eliphezulu. Iintsana zeDiesel zine-alleing freating zintathu ukuya kwezine ezingaphezulu kwe-petiline;
- Ngomsebenzi oqhubekayo womvelisi, kufuneka ukuba kungabikho ngaphantsi kwe-30% yamandla ayo achithwe, kungenjalo i-Supercoolting yayo inokwenzeka;
- Kulula ukuqhuba umvelisi wedizili kuphela kubushushu obungaphantsi -5 ° C, kwaye kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, ngekhe kwenzeke ukuba ayiqalise ngaphandle kokufudumala;
- Ukuba umvelisi awunasigqubuthelo sokukhusela, umsebenzi wayo uya kuhamba kunye nengxolo enkulu kakhulu;
- Ubunzima obuhle nobungakanani.
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I-Dienerators ezifumana inkqubo yokupholisa ulwelo zihlala zisebenza kwiindlela ezimbini - i-3000 RPM kunye ne-1500 RPM. Iinjini zisebenza nge-rotor kwi-3000 RPM kwaye zinengxolo enkulu. Bakwanayo nomthambo wezithuthi ezisezantsi kunenjini ebalekayo kwi-Reds ephantsi (malunga ne-5000-6000 iiyure) kwaye ayikwazi ukusebenza ngeenxa zonke iwotshi, ukuze isetyenziswe kuphela njenge-backup.
I-5 KW Dienerator itya malunga ne-1.8 yeelitha zepetroli ngeyure, kuthetha itanki, ivolumu ye-5.5 yeelitha, yanele ukusebenza kwiiyure ezintathu kuphela zomsebenzi.
I-Geeradrators zeGesi zeKhaya kunye nehlobo
Izityalo zamandla ezisebenza kwirhasi yotywala ixhotyiswe yi-Piston injini, esebenza kumjikelo we-OTTO. Iinjini ze-petroli ezichazwe apha ngasentla ziyasebenza kumjikelo omnye. Amandla asenziwa ngexesha lokudibana kwe-oyile ajikeleza ishaft, ethi iqhagamshelwe kwi-alternator, kwaye umphumo walo msebenzi yimveliso yombane.
Iiverakhi zegesi zinobunzima obunezityalo zamandla zepetroli, kwaye uhlobo lwenkqubo yokupholisa iyafana nakwiindawo ezihlambeli zedizili zala mandla. Kuxhomekeka kwimodeli, abavelisi begesi banamandla angaphezu kwe-6 kW ongenakusebenza kuphela kwi-pioous peeli (i-banane, i-propane), kodwa ne-disel okanye ipetali.
IINGXAKI ZOBUCHULE BENKONZO:
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha okuncinci kunezihlaseli zepetroli. I-Methane, i-propane kunye ne-butane inayo inani le-octane elingaphezulu kwe-100, ngoko ke baxhathisa i-dunation ephezulu, evumela ukusebenzisa inqanaba eliphezulu lokucinezelwa;
- Amaxabiso eemveliso zegesi ayafana namaxabiso ezityalo zedizili anegunya elifanayo;
- Uluhlu lwamandla ukusuka kwi-0.8 kw ukuya kwi-9 mw;
- Endaweni yesityalo samandla sinokufakwa kwi-injini yedizili kunye ne-piston injini;
- Ipetroli enexabiso eliphantsi kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, iindleko ezincinci ze-kilowatts, ezivelisa umvelisi;
- I-biogas inokusetyenziswa njenge-oyile;
- Abavelisi babe neenjini ezingama-30% ezinkulu kune-petroli kunye ne-perepart. I-geous ipetroli idibanisa phantse akukho ntsalela, enkosi apho iphantsi kwenqanaba lokunxiba iisilinda kunye neepiksi zenjini zincinci. Ioli yeemoto itshisa ngerhasi kwaye ishiya iimveliso ezivuthayo emva kwawo;
- Ukuphefumla okuphambili kunamaxesha amabini amancinci ama-hydrocarbons ngaphandle kwedizili okanye iinjini zepetroli.
Kukho izibonelelo ezichazwe kwiimveliso zegesi. Ezo zinto zibalulekileyo zibandakanya ukuphakama kwezithuthuthu ngamanye amaxesha, iindleko ezisebenzayo eziphantsi, ukhuseleko lwendalo esingqongileyo, phantse bathe cwaka ngokupheleleyo kunye nokungabi nazinzondo. Kodwa ezi ngxelo okanye ngokuyinxenye, okanye azichanekanga, okanye zinokusetyenziswa kuphela kwi-verators yerhasi. Umzekelo, inqanaba lengxolo lixhomekeke kakhulu kwinani leenguqu ngomzuzu kunye nohlobo olukhoyo lokupholisa.
Izinto ezingalunganga zovelwano lwegesi:
- Amanyathelo ongezelelweyo kufuneka athathwe ukuthintela ukuvuza kweegesi ezinokutsha, njengoko zisemlilweni kwaye zinetyhefu;
- Ukongeza ekuthengeni igesi yombane yegesi, iyimfuneko ukuthenga iibhokisi ze-gearbox kunye neesilinda phantsi kwegesi, kwaye iindleko zabo zinokuhlala zithelekiswa nendleko zemveliso ngokwayo;
- Rhoqo iiyure ezili-100 zokusebenza, kuya kufuneka utshintsho lweoyile ngokupheleleyo, ukusukela kwinkqubo yokusebenza kwi-injini kunye nerhasi ivutha i-oyile;
- Kubushushu obubi, igesi etyhutyhakeleyo ikhupha kakubi, kunjalo ebusika umvelisi wombane kufuneka abekwe kwigumbi elishushu;
- Kuyenzeka ukuba uqhagamshele isityalo samandla egesi kwindlela enkulu yegesi, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuyisebenzisa;
- Bonke abavelisi abanolwalelo nomoya banokusetyenziswa kuphela njengokunikezelwa kwamandla okugcina, kuba okokuqala unokusebenza kakuhle malunga neeyure ezingama-30, kwaye okwesibini kunye neeyure ezi-6 zodwa.
Iiverakhi zegesi ezinesikhundla se-5 kw sisebenzisa irhasi ye-1.5 kg ngeyure enye xa usebenza nomthwalo wama-75%. Irhasi yama-50 eethayitha iqukethe i-21 kg yerhasi, yanele ukusebenza kwe-generator iiyure ezili-14.
Abavelisi beemveliso kunye namaxabiso ezivelisi
Kwintsimi yaseRussia, ukukhutshwa kwegesi, i-Diesel kwaye i-Diesel Needrators isungulwe kwiiNkqubo zaMazwe angenisiweyo kwi-Russia Federation kunye neNdibano yaseRussia phantsi kophawu lwayo . I "I-PREFRATOTORG" I-PREFRATOTORGES ATOR EMVA KOKUQALA UMGAQO-NKQUBO WOKUQALA, NAYE KUFUNDILEYO-iimveliso ze-prolab kunye "svarog".
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Phakathi kweemveliso ze-vepp kunye ne-CO., Unokufumana iimodeli ezixhotywe ngegesi, idizili kunye ne-injini ye-petroli ene-1.500 kw. Amaxabiso ee-verators verivers ayahluka ukusuka kwi-440 ye-Euro (umvelisi wesigaba esinye se-petroli) ukuya kwi-75 kw) kumawaka amawaka e-euro (umvelisi we-dies-genere) onesiqingatha se-380 kw). Njengenxalenye yabavelisi, uLombardoni, Yanmar kunye neenjini zeHonda zihlala zisetyenziswa rhoqo.
I-Prolab Generators inamandla ukusuka kwi-0.65 ukuya kwi-9 kw kunye nexabiso ukusuka kwi-4 ukuya kwi-83 yabavelisi be-rubles, kunye nexabiso le-16 ukuya kwixabiso le-16 ukuya kwi-340 lamawaka ama-ruble. Inkampani ibeka iinjini kubavelisi eziqokelelwe e-China ayaziwa.
Phakathi kweempawu zaseJapan zabavelisi zezona zidumileyo zidume kakhulu yiHitachi, Honda kunye neYamaha. Kwezivelisi eziveliswa phantsi kwezi mpawu, kufuneka unike ingqalelo ekhethekileyo. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo kuphela abavelisi ababalaseleyo bavela kwimarike yaseRussia, zombini ukugcina ipetroli kunye nokusebenza kunye nokucocwa kwengxaki. Kodwa eyona nto igwenxa iphambili kakhulu - i-5 kw ixabisa malunga namawaka angama-84 amawaka ruble.
Kukho nabavelisi abaninzi baseTshayina, abavelisi bendawo yokuhlala kunye ne-kipor abelwe, ababezingqina phakathi kwabanini bezindlu zeRussia. Amaxabiso ezivelisi zedatha stratum isuka kwi-12 ye-ruble ye-2 kw ye-2 kw Generator, kwaye abavelisi bathetha ngokwabo "ngetekhnoloji yeHonda". Kodwa abaninzi bayaqonda ukuba iTekhnoloji yeHonda kunye neemveliso zeHonda zimbini umahluko.
Ukongeza kwezi mpawu zichazwe apha ngasentla eRussia, unokufumana imveliso ye-American kunye ne-European -Cerac, i-SDMO, GEKO, GGMR, GG Wilson. Ixabiso eliphakathi labavelisi limalunga namawaka angamawaka angama-55 kwi-5 kW genetor.