Ukuba sithelekisa ukufudumeza kwamanzi nabantwana abasezantsi kunye nabaguquki, emva koko umhlaba ofudumeleyo uneqela elingenakuphikwa-nqanaba elingenakuphikiswa- le yinkqubo ethembekileyo neqinisekisiweyo nengqinisisiweyo neqinisekisiweyo. Wayesaziwa eRoma yamandulo, kwaye nakwi-prosta, umhlaba onjalo wayethandwa kwi-XV eyinkulungwane njengomgangatho ofudumeleyo kwiibhafu zolwaphulo-mthetho eKhaya. Kodwa zilungele kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi. Kwaye kuphela namhlanje, ukufudumeza okunjalo kuye kwathandwa kwakhona.
Apho umhlaba ofudumeleyo ofudumeleyo usenza ngokwakho
Okokuqala, siza kuyifumana, engumgangatho wamanzi- kunokubakho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo - umgangatho wamanzi ombane, oqhelekileyo (i-boiler kunye nemibhobho). Asetyenziswa phi imigangatho yamanzi efudumeleyo kwiintsuku zethu kwaye yintoni?
Umgangatho wamanzi afudumeleyo ubekwe kwisiseko esizinzileyo nesizinzileyo, esinokuba yi-Slabte Slab okanye uMhlaba
Lo mgangatho unjalo unyanzelekile xa eshushu:
- Izindlu zabucala;
- Ndlwana;
- Ichibi;
- Sauna;
- Ngomgangatho wokufudumeza kumagumbi kumgangatho wokuqala;
- Iivenkile;
- Iihotele;
- Izixhobo zemidlalo;
- Ukuqhuba;
- I-ram;
- Kwaye isetyenziswe kwinkqubo ye-synthetia ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwendlela yokubaleka kwiindawo zomoya.
Ezi nkqubo zi-2 zinokuqhagamshelwa kuzo zombini iinkqubo zokufudumeza nge-agushes kunye nendawo yokufudumeza. Inketho yombane inephonelelo-amanzi ashushu, edlula ecaleni kwemibhobho phantsi komgangatho, itshixa yonke imibhobho, ngendlela yokufudumeza, ngento eshushu eqhotyoshelwe kumbhobho wombane.
Inkqubo elungileyo, kodwa isebenza nzima kwaye kufakelwe, kunzima ukufumana imvume, ngakumbi ukuba iza kumagumbi kumgangatho wokuqala.
Uninzi lwazo, zombini ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwendlu okanye indlu kunye nokulungiswa okanye ukwakha kwakhona kwendawo yokuhlala, sebenzisa inkqubo elula nefanelekileyo. Inkqubo eqhelekileyo okanye ye-classical, imela ntoni? Le yirhasi yemibhobho edlula phantsi komgangatho apho amanzi ashushu asetyenziswa njengephonty. Amanzi, edlula kwimibhobho, ipholile, ngaloo ndlela uxhome igumbi. Amanzi abuyela kwi-boiler (irhasi okanye ngombane), ehlola kwaye engena kwimibhobho phantsi komgangatho phantsi.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Ukudibanisa umhloli kwi-Plopt
Ukufakwa kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemigangatho yokufudumeza amanzi
Inkqubo yeklasikhi inendawo yonke. Ukufakelwa kunokwenziwa ngezandla zakho, zombini ngexesha lolwakhiwo lwegumbi kunye nokulungiswa. Inkqubo yeklasikhi ilunge ngakumbi xa kuqalisa ukwakha izindlu ezindala kunye neenkqubo zokufudumeza. Kusekho imodyuli okanye uhlobo lwengubo. Inkqubo iphakanyiswe kwiilegni zenkuni, kwaye kufakwa i-insubs ye-thermal phakathi kweelegs.
Umgangatho ofudumeleyo unokucwangciswa ngemibhobho, ehamba iqukuqela (ihlala amanzi) okanye yenziwe ngesiseko seentambo zombane.
Imibhobho kufuneka:
- Ukusuka kwiplastiki yentsimbi;
- I-polyethylene;
- Ubhedu.
Le mibhobho ilungile kwaye ilungele ukubekwa kwento yokuba ayikaxhomekekanga ekubonakaleni kwayo kwaye ngenxa yoko idayimitha engaphakathi yombhobho ngexesha lokusebenza ayitshintshi. Kukho iintlobo ezi-2 zokufakelwa kobushushu - ikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi kunye ne-polystyrene.
Ikhonkrithi yekhonkrithi, kulapho imibhobho igcwaliswa ngekhonkrithi okanye i-cemeces scred-yeyona ndlela ilula kunye neyona nto idumileyo.
I-polystyrene iqengqelekayo kukungqengqa yi-polystyrene slab kunye nee-Plets zentsimbi kunye neeplate zeplastiki zibekwe. Ezi plates zinobungqingqwa obuyi-12 ukuya kwi-30 mm.
Iskimu sokubekwa komhlaba okufanelekileyo
Kukho umthetho omnye, kuzo zonke izikimu zokubeka umbhobho-ukufakelwa kwemibhobho kufuneka kuqale ezindongeni kwaye ukufudukela embindini wegumbi, emva koko kukhokelele umbhobho wegumbi. Ukubekwa kwemibhobho yokufudumeza kubaluleke kakhulu kwi-Heb.
Inzuzo yenyoka kukulula ukubekwa. Umbhobho bulele rhoqo nge-zigzag ukusuka kwelinye udonga ukuya kwelinye icala
IZIXHOBO ZOKUGQIBELA:
- Inyoka;
- Inkumba;
- Ufakelo oludityanisiweyo.
Kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela zonke izikimu ezingama-3 zokusetyenziswa kobushushu. Inyoka - imibhobho ijikeleza umjikelezo wegumbi kufutshane neendonga, emva koko isuka kwenye yeendonga (le yeyona ndawo ingaphantsi komhlaba, ishushu) ibuyisa amaza.
Esi sikimu sisebenza kakuhle kwiindawo ezincinci.
I-snail-Imibhobho iphindaphinde i-perimeter yegumbi kunye nesangqa ngasinye, esondela kwiziko. Ngakumbi, esi sikimu siza kufaka isicelo samagumbi ngeendonga ezi-2 zangaphandle (igumbi le-angular) okanye igumbi elikwicala elingasemantla okanye ngasempuma. Inkqubo edibeneyo idibanisa inkqubo yokuqala neyesibini. Kodwa nangayiphi na imeko, kuyimfuneko ukwenza umzobo ocacileyo wobume bemibhobho kwigumbi.
Inqaku lesihloko: Iikhampasi Kale: Uvandlakanyo oluphambili lwenkampani
Inkqubo kunye namanqanaba okuphakamisa umgangatho wamanzi ashushu
Itekhnoloji phantsi kwekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi yeyona ilula. Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyenzile kukucoca umgangatho ukusuka kumgangatho wakudala, ukwenza konke ukuqhekeza kunye nemingxunya.
Nawuphi na umsebenzi uqala ngokulungiselela isicwangciso sokusebenza kunye nokulungiselela.
Inkqubo yenkqubo yokufaka amanzi e-thermal
- Ukucoca nokulungelelanisa thambisa;
- Ukungcungcutheka kwamanzi;
- Isixhobo sokufakelwa komda ojikeleze umda wegumbi;
- Ukufudumeza;
- Ukuqiniswa;
- Ufakelo lombhobho wokufudumeza;
- Ukunamathela kwimibhobho yokufudumeza kwi-boiler;
- Kuvavanywa;
- Ukugcwalisa umgangatho ngekhonkrithi okanye i-cuted scred;
- Ikhefu-inyanga e-1;
- Isixhobo sokufumana iphilile;
- Ukuhlonipha ukuba ukhathazekile ngokwesondo.
Kuyimfuneko ukukhangela inqanaba lomgangatho ukuba umahluko uye kwi-1 cm, awunakuyifumana, kodwa ukuba umahluko ungaphezulu kwe-2 cm, ke kuyafuneka ukuba ulungelelanise umgangatho wesamente ukunika ubuncinci beeveki ezimbini zomphezulu womile. Emva koko, kubalulekile ukwenza amanzi aqaqambe phantsi kwimeko yokuvuza kwamanzi ashushu kwimibhobho.
Ukwenza oku, kubalulekile ukuba ubeke ifilimu ye-polyethylene kuwo wonke umhlaba kunye ne-copp ene-scotch.
Kumjikelezo wegumbi, yenza i-distor disser ribbon kumgangatho wokuphakama. Ukufakelwa kobushushu linyathelo elilandelayo lezenzo. Ukufakelwa kufuneka kufakwe kulo lonke igumbi, ubukhulu bomgangatho wobuncinci bokufakelwa malunga ne-2-5 cm. Okulandelayo, ukuqiniswa kufuneka kwenziwe ngaphezulu komphezulu wegumbi. Ukwenza oku, ufuna iGridi yokuthintela i-16 ukuya kwi-CM. Kule gridi kunye nemibhobho yokufudumeza iya kuqhotyoshelwa, kuba igobile ngokugqibeleleyo. I-piring yombhobho iqhotyoshelweyo iqhotyoshelwe kusetyenziswa imitya yeplastiki ekhethekileyo okanye iziqendu (trac).
Izixhobo zokukhwela umgangatho ofudumeleyo wamanzi ngezandla zabo
Okokuqala jonga itekhnoloji yofakelo lombhobho, ukuba akukho olunye ukufudumeza. Ungawenza njani phantsi phantsi ngokufudumeza, kwaye zeziphi izixhobo ezifunayo xa usebenza?
Ukubeka umhlaba ofudumeleyo amanzi, akufuneki nezixhobo ezininzi.
Izixhobo ezifunekayo zofakelo:
- Umthamo wodaka lokuthamba;
- Iqela le-spatulas yentsimbi eliqela;
- Isikere;
- Isitshetshe;
- Imitya ekhethekileyo yeplastiki-ilori;
- Iziqwenga zeplastiki ezizodwa zemibhobho ebolayo;
- Iteyiphu ekhethekileyo yefilimu yokufihla amanzi;
- Inqanaba (enkulu).
Sinyusa umgangatho wamanzi afudumeleyo phantsi kwekhonkrithi yekhonkrithi kwimeko yokuba lo ngumthombo otshiswayo kwigumbi. Xa ibeka imibhobho yeplasitiki yentsimbi yokufudumeza kwigridi, kuyimfuneko ukuba uzibeke kwi-15-20 cm iminyhadala.
Ukuba umgangatho ofudumeleyo egumbini ngumthombo owongeziweyo kuphela, emva koko ke ukubeka inyathelo lokulala kunyusa ukuya kwi-30 cm.
Qinisa imibhobho kwigridi kunye neeklip, ngelixa iNtaba kufuneka inyuke iye kwi-1 m, okanye xa ijika. Ungamisa umbhobho weplasitiki wentsimbi kwigridi usebenzisa i-slats ekhethekileyo (ilori) okanye imitya ekhethekileyo yeplastiki. Kodwa, enyanisweni, unokufunda malunga nokuqina kwemibhobho yokufudumeza kwigridi yensimbi kwiingcali okanye abathengisi kwiivenkile ezikhethekileyo.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Luyintoni ubume obungaphantsi kwaye apho kunokwenzeka khona ukusebenzisa
Umgangatho ofudumeleyo kwimeko yokuzoba
Umgangatho ofudumeleyo kwimeko leyo iyafuneka ukuba uqhayiso oluneenkcukacha nesixhobo kunye noyilo. Kule mizobo, ipleyiti yophahla, ukuhambisa amanzi, i-garmal i-themes, iplastiki yentsimbi, i-ceng-i-ceng, ityhidiwe, ityhidile i-ceymes, ityhidiweyo, ityhidiweyo, ityhidiwe.
Ngokungqinelana nomzobo oncitshisiweyo, ubukhulu becala kumgangatho ovela kwi-Slab ngaphezulu kwe "GRORD" i-120 mm
Ukuba ukubekwa kwemibhobho kuya kuqiniswa, emva koko imibhobho yomelezwe ngqo kwisiseko somgangatho. Apha kuyimfuneko ukhumbule ukuba ubude bendawo enye buyamalunga ne-70-80 m. Ingaba ubalo lwe-10 lendawo ithatha imibhobho engama-67 m.
Emva kokufikelela kwimibhobho, baqhotyoshelwa ngokusebenzisa abaqokeleli ukuya kwi-boiler. Emva koko bafudumele e-Electrocoltel, kwaye bajonga yonke inkqubo iiyure ezininzi. Ukuba iimvavanyo zidlule ngempumelelo, kufuneka ucime kwaye ushiye inkqubo ukuze ipholile. Okulandelayo, unokuqalisa ukugcwalisa umgangatho ngekhonkrithi okanye udaka lwesamente, kwaye emva kwenyanga enye kuphela i-scred ithathwa njengelungile. Akunakwenzeka ukuba wome - ikhonkrithi iya kuhlutha. Emva koko, ungabeka umaleko wesandi sendalo kwaye uqhubeke nokugcwalisa umgangatho wokuhombisa - i-lamirate ekhethekileyo, i-ceramic tile, porcelain yamatye.
Yintoni umgangatho oshushu wamanzi (ividiyo)
Umgangatho we-thermal wamanzi yindlela ebalaseleyo yokufudumeza, kuba abahlali banamachaphaza amachaphaza amachaphaza akufuneki balinde ukufudumeza kwisakhiwo esiphakamileyo. Ukwenza oku, kuya kufuneka ujike kwi-boiler kwaye uvule i-valve - kwaye kwindlu sele ifudumele.