I-Cottage yile, ihlala ilume ubukhulu obutsha. Kuhlala kukho ukungabikho kwendawo yesixhobo sezitebhisi ezigcweleyo. Ke, uyilo luhlawulwa kuqwalaselo olukhethekileyo. Umsebenzi kukuqinisekisa ukunyuka okukhulu kumgangatho wesibini kwaye gcina kwindawo yokuhlala. OKUNGAZIYO ALUFUMANEKA, Ihlala kuphela ukuze aziqhelanise nezinto zabo.
I-Elodiments yezinyuko
Izitepsi kumgangatho wesibini kweli lizwe Kukho iindlela onokukhetha kuzo. Ukuhlelwa kuthathelwa ingqalelo izinto ezahlukeneyo:
- Iimpawu zesakhiwo sokuhlala;
- Izinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zokwenza;
- Izakhono zezezimali zabanini beNdlu.
Ukhetho lohlobo kunye noqwalaselo lwezinyuko luxhomekeke kwiimeko ezithile. Okulandelayo, cinga ngemodeli ezidumileyo-ukusuka kudidi loqoqosho kwiimveliso ezibizayo, izibonelelo zabo kunye nezinto zabo ezingalunganga.
Izinyuko zoqoqosho
Olona khetho lubalaseleyo lwezitepsi kweli lizwe zizakhiwo ze-adtic. Ziqukethe iivar kunye ne-jumpers-jumpers. I-angle yotyekelo luhamba. Ukuba izitepsi azizange zakhiwe ngezandla zakho, kodwa zithengiwe kwivenkile, kufanelekile ukuba ziqwalaselwe kuhlobo olongezelelekileyo, ngakumbi ukuba ifowuni icwangcisiwe ukuba isetyenziswe rhoqo.
Izibonelelo zezakhiwo ze-Attic kunye neManard ezivela kwicandelo loqoqosho zibandakanya oku kulandelayo:
- Izakhiwo ezihlanganisiweyo. Kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa indawo yesixhobo sabo, ngakumbi ukuba sithetha ngendlela yokoyika. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, amanqanaba anjalo anokusongelwa kwaye asuswe, efihla kwi-hatch yesibini.
- Uluhlu lwemodeli enkulu. Kukho iimodeli zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo: Ukugoba, i-telescopic, ukusohlwaya kunye nokubuyiswa. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ukwazi ukukhetha umsebenzisi ngamnye.
- Kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Esi sixhobo kulula ukunamathisela, isongelwe kwaye ingenziwanga ngaphandle kobunzima obuninzi.
Izinto ezingalunganga zibandakanya kakhulu-kwiimeko ezininzi kufuneka zihla kwizitepsi ezinjalo.
Izinketho ezithandekayo
Ukonyusa iindleko zobunzima bendlela, izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo, ngakumbi ukugqiba. Umzekelo, ukujija okwenziwe ngokunyanzelwa okokuqala, kungekuphela nje ubuhle besinyithi, kodwa uyakonyusa kakhulu ixabiso laso.
Isilumkiso sifanelwe kwaye ifowuni kwizibhedlele yenye yeendlela zangoku. Intaba iqhutywa kwi-bolts. Ziizikhonkxwa ezinde ezinde eziphelweni. Indawo yezitepsi kwi-parodes inokwenzeka kuphela eludongeni, kuba iqela lamanyathelo alinankxaso.
Olunye ukhuphiswano lwePremium ye-Premium yi-Spiirsel Stairsel eyenziwe ngomthi okanye yentsimbi ngoyilo lwantlandlolo. Uyilo olunjalo kwaye lubukeka luhle, kwaye luthatha ubuncinci bendawo.
Khetha uyilo
Makhe siphendukele kwizakhiwo ezingenamsebenzi eziqhelekileyo phakathi kwabasebenzisi, kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, bayadityaniswa, kulula ukuzisebenzisa kwaye kulula ukuhlanganisa:
- I-the shoring ngokuthe ngqo Imodeli ekhoyo yafumana imodeli ibhekisa kuhambo lohlahlo-lwabiwo mali. Inzuzo kukulula kwesi sixhobo, kodwa iintsilelo zinokuchazwa kwindawo enkulu. Ukugcina indawo, ukugoba kwezitepsi kuyanda, kodwa kule meko inqanaba lokhuseleko kunye nentuthuzelo yokuhamba kumanyathelo kuncitshisiwe kakhulu.
Inqaku lesihloko: Amanyathelo eSters: Iikhrayitheriya zokhetho kunye neendlela zokubeka ikhaphethi
- Ikona kunye ne-territy tirs. Umsebenzi osebenzayo kwaye unendawo enkulu egumbini. Eyona ilungele i-cottages ezincinci. Kodwa ukuchitha ixesha lokufakelwa kuya kuba ngaphezulu.
- I-screw yezakhiwo ezinamaphepha-mvume. Kwindlela yayo, isixhobo sinzima. Ngaphandle kwamava okusebenza, kunzima ukubakha ngokwakho- konke kuxhomekeke kwiskimu kunye nezixhobo.
Izitepsi zendlu yelizwe zithathwa ngokukhethekileyo ukuya ekuqaleni. Namhlanje, iinkampani ezininzi zinika izinto ezenziwe ngendlela, ungazithenga iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo kwaye uhlanganise ngokwakho.
Imisebenzi yokuLungiselela
Emva kokuba evunyiwe ngenjongo yokwakha izitepsi zendlu yelizwe ngezandla zawo, ngaphambi kokuqala komsebenzi wokwakha kufuneka enze isicwangciso sokusebenza. Akumfutshane, kodwa ekuqaleni kwagqitywa kuyilo kunye nezinto zokwakha, yenza isiphaluka kunye nokwenza ukubala ngokuchanekileyo.Ukukhetha iskimu seLadder
Ukuba ileli iqalise okwesihlandlo sokuqala, kungcono ukukhetha izakhiwo ezilula zokungena ngaphakathi. Oku kubandakanya ileli enye okanye iiyure ezimbini ezineenwele ezinzuzo kwiziko. Kuyimfuneko ukuba usebenze ixesha lokusebenza, izikimu zeeprojekthi ezigqityiweyo zinikezelwe apha ngezantsi. Ungathatha naluphi na ukhetho njengomzekelo, ukhetha kuphela iiparamitha zoyilo ngokungqinelana neempawu zegumbi.
Ukukhetha izixhobo
Uluhlu lwezixhobo zokwakhiwa kwezitepsi zendlu yelizwe zinokwahluka. Ngokuphathelele kwisiseko, kuphela kukhetho oluphambili oluthile - iinkuni kunye nentsimbi. Okokuqala, izakhiwo zendlela azimele ziqwalaselwe, kuba le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo.
Izitepsi zinokwenziwa zombini zenziwe ngokupheleleyo (isakhelo kunye namanyathelo) nangenxalenye yenkxaso xa inkxaso yenziwa ngentsimbi, kwaye amanyathelo enziwe ngomthi.
Isinyithi sendawo yesibini kwimfuno. Enkosi kwizixhobo ze-welding, unokwakha isitayile sensimbi yefom yefom, umzekelo, isikhafu. Isinyithi sesona sixhobo sinokuthenjwa sokwenza isakhelo, ubomi benkonzo bungaphezulu kakhulu kumthi.
Iinketho ezinqabileyo zokunqanda i-Dacha yekhonkrithi kunye neglasi. Inketho yokuqala ifanelekile kuphela kwimeko yegumbi elikhulu lendawo (i-cottage okanye i-problesmes yendawo yokuhlala), kodwa iglasi yeyona nto inzima kwaye ibuthathaka ekwenzeni loo macandelo.
Ukuphelisa izakhiwo ezigqityiweyo kunye nokwenziwa kweecompact, izinyuko zethutyana elizweni, uninzi lusebenzisa izixhobo ezincinci ezihlala zininzi, ezinje nge-chipboard, i-OSB, FC, njalo njalo.
Iiparamitha ezicetyiswayo
Kwisiseko sezitepsi zomthi, kuyacetyiswa ukuba basebenzise iBhodi ngobukhulu be-20 mm kunye nemivalo enecandelo le-100 × 100 mm. Kwii-racks, i-perill kunye neengcingo, kulula ukukhetha umxholo. Umzekelo, icandelo lama-50 × 50 mm linokulungiswa ngokubona kwayo - lijikelezwe okanye lenze i-chamair.
Ukubalwa kweeparameter zezitepsi
Ukubala kwenziwa kwimeko nganye ngokwahlukeneyo. Izinto ezininzi zithathelwa ingqalelo:- Indawo yegumbi apho kuya kufakwa khona izitepsi;
- ubume, iimpawu zangaphakathi;
- Ukubekwa kwefanitshala kunye nenani.
Umgama ogqithileyo-Marsh
Umgama phakathi kokugqobhoza kwaye u-Matshi ubalwa ngokusekwe ekukhuleni komntu oza kusebenzisa uyilo, kunye nesitokhwe esincinci. Ilandela koku kuvela kulo naliphi na ixesha ukuya kwisihluzi kufanele ukuba ibe ngumgama ubuncinci we-190-200 cm. Kwindawo apho ukuphakama khona, kuyimfuneko ukubonelela ngendawo yasimahla.
Makhulu kangakanani ukuba ivuliwe, igqitywe yi-angle yokutyekela kwizitepsi kunye nenani lamanyathelo.
Amanyathelo
Ukuhamba okuhle kuxhomekeke kumalungiselelo afanelekileyo amanyathelo. Ubungakanani kunye nokungcola kwabo kubalulekile. Ekuphakameni kweeparameter, amanyathelo angu-16-19 cm. Ngezindlu ezisisigxina, zinokunyuka. Kodwa, kwizitepsi kwi-cottage, ukuphakama kufanelekile.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ukufakwa kwezitepsi kwi-cososters: Izikim kunye nokubalwa [amaxabiso acetyiswayo]
Ububanzi ngokwemigangatho kufuneka ihambelane nobungakanani bomlenze womntu. Amanyathelo okwakhiwa kwelizwe anyukayo angama-20 ukuya kwi-3 ukuya kwi-3-30 cm ububanzi besona sinamathelayo kwahlukile kwimigangatho eyamkelekileyo ngokubanzi. Ayibandakanywa ukuba ixhonywe phantsi kwamanyathelo enye ngaphezulu kwenye i-3 cm.
Ukuba kukho amanyathelo ale-groin, ubukhulu babo zezi:
- Eyona ndawo imxinwa yobubanzi obuyi-10 cm;
- Embindini - i-20 cm;
- Ebanzi-ukusuka kwi-35 ukuya kwi-40 cm.
IFomuji ngokubanzi
Ukubala kwenziwa ngokwefomyula ekhethekileyo 2a + B, apho bubunzulu benqanaba, b kukuphakama komngcipheko. Kwiinqobo ezisemgangathweni A (ukubuka ubunzulu) ukusuka kwi-150 ukuya kwi-180 mm kunye ne-B (ububanzi benqanaba) ukuya kwi-2800 mm, isiphumo sikwi-660 mm. Ukuba ubukhulu beli nqanaba ungaphantsi kwe-145 mm, ke ixabiso libalwa ngale ndlela: A + b.
I-Marsham ubude
Ukuchonga ubude be-Matshi, okokuqala kugxile kububi boyilo. Ngenxa yamanye izakhiwo zelizwe, i-angle yotyekelo lihlala liphakathi kwama-30 ukuya kwengama-45 degrees. Ixabiso elincinci lokutyibilika akunakwenzeka ukuxhobisa ngenxa yobungakanani bamakhaya elizwe. Oku kuya kuba kuphela ukuba i-scheme yenkqubo yoyilo itshintshiwe.
Ngokuthe ngqo ubude be-Matshi kubalwa kusetyenziswa imithetho yejometri, ngokuchanekileyo, iPythagora theorem. Ubude beMarsh ubude-Ihambelana ne-hypotyause. Ukuqikelela kwezinyuko phantsi naseludongeni ngamasiko.
Ukuququzelela ukubala, iskimu isekwe kuyo. Amanqaku aphambili anyulwa ngeeparamitha ezihambelanayo, emva kwemveliso yokubala.
Amachaphaza kufuneka amisele ngokuchanekileyo. Abahambelani nobungakanani begumbi, njengoko kufuneka benze iindebe ezindle. Awunakho ukusebenzisa ukuphakama okufanelekileyo kwegumbi ukumisela ubude be-Matshi kunye nomgama opheleleyo ukusuka eludongeni eludongeni - ishiywe kwisicatshulwa.
Ububanzi bezitepsi
Ububanzi bezitepsi kunangaphambili. Iyahluka ngaphakathi kwe-90-150 cm. Ubuncinci ububanzi beziteni ngamanyathelo eqhubayo yi-80 cm. Ikhompyutheni ibe yi-80 cm. Kwi-cottage, akunakwenzeka ukuba isebenzise izinyuko ngaxeshanye ngabasebenzisi ababini. Ngamanye amagama, kubalulekile ukubala ububanzi bobubanzi bomntu ngamnye.
Inani lamanyathelo
Ukubala inani lamanyathelo, le datha ilandelayo iya kucelwa: ubude ngoMatshi kunye nobukhulu. Ukwahlula ezi xabiso, ukufumana inani elithetha inani lamanyathelo. Rhoqo ayiguquki ngokupheleleyo, emva koko ijikelezwe. Inombolo kufuneka yongezwe kweyona inkulu, kule meko kuya kufuneka utshintshe ukuphakama komngcipheko. Ukuphakama kwenqanaba kutshintshwa kuyo enye engaphezulu.
Kwimeko yenani lamanyathelo aphawulwe ngaphezulu kwe-18 yeziqwenga, ikakhulu ukwenza iisayithi eziphakathi.
Kwividiyo: indlela yokubala izitepsi (amanyathelo kunye nezithuba).
Iimpawu zeMontge
Emva kokubala konke, unokuqalisa ukufakwa kwesakhiwo. Ngokomgaqo, ilula, ukuba kukho ubuchule obukhulu kolu lwalathiso. Kulula ukusebenza nomthi. Ekuqaleni ugcina izixhobo eziyimfuneko, kwaye emva koko ulandele isicwangciso.Ukufakwa kweKosory
Ukuba izitepsi zicwangcisiwe ukuba zifakwe eludongeni, emva koko enye i-Kossur iqhotyoshelwe kuyo, phambi kwayo enye (ifana) - umgama phakathi kwabo uhambelana nobubanzi beetepsi. Kwimeko apho uyilo lwexesha lokujika lwenziwe kwangaphambili, i-Koy yoRondon kukongeza inkxaso encinci yokujikeleza. Ikwinkxaso eya kudityaniswa ngamanyathelo eqhubayo.
Inqaku lesihloko: Iimpawu ezakhayo zenqanaba "goose inyathelo" kunye nenqanaba lenyathelo ngenyathelo
Kodwa kuqala kubalulekile ukuba wenze izixhaso ngokwazo. Kwiibhodi ezilungiselelwe kufuneka zenze umama. Ngale nto ufuna ikhithi yokwakha. Xa uphawula, enye yeendlela kufuneka ihambelane nokuphakama kwenqanaba, kwaye okwesibini bunzulu bawo.
Ngaphezulu kwi-maki, icandelo elingafunekiyo limbiwe kwi-electrolybiz. Nceda uqaphele ukuba emva kokuba ubonile, ii-boosters zifunyenwe kufuneka zilungiswe ngononophelo- akufuneki zibekho ukungahambi kakuhle.
Imiqadi egqityiweyo ifakwe kwindawo yayo, kumphetho ophezulu, isakhiwo kufuneka sidibane nenqanaba lomgangatho wokuqala womgangatho wesibini, kwaye ezantsi - kufutshane ne-1st esezantsi. Iikona zensimbi zisetyenziselwa ukukhangela i-cosomes-imingxunya ilungiswe kwangaphambili kwaye ifakwe ziibhotile. I-Kosur, efakwe eludongeni, iqhotyoshelwe kwidowel okanye i-anchor yentsimbi.
Ufakelo lwamanyathelo
Amanyathelo kufuneka aqhotyoshelwe kwiKosomers ofakwe kwangaphambili. Abantu abakhwelisiweyo ekukhuliseni inqanaba alinakuba ziinzipho. Zininzi izibakala ngokuchasene nabo:
- Awunakuhlala ubona amanqaku ngokungqongqo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, kuya kubakho i-skew, kwaye izipikili zihamba ngaphaya kwenkalipho yesibindi kunye nomphetho wabo.
- Iinkuni ziyinto egwenxa kakhulu kwiziphumo zoomatshini. Kwaye kwimeko apho iinkuni zigqwethwe, emva koko imbonakalo yeqhinga.
Kungcono ukuqhuba ukuqina usebenzisa isikrini seenkuni okanye isikrelem. Bayakwazi ukubonelela ngomgangatho wokufaka ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukufakwa koololiwe kunye neeracks (Balasin)
Ukufakelwa kweengcingo ezikwizinyuko ngendlela yokulinganisa kwaye i-baluster ixhomekeke ngokupheleleyo ekukhetheni umkhosi. Abanakufakwa kwaphela, kodwa akunakuba nakho ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lokuhamba kwizitepsi. Uyilo lwabo lunokwahluka, ngokufanayo, njengombandela.
Kuba lololiwe ufumana iinkuni zokhuni. Iinketho ezininzi ziboniswa kwifoto engezantsi.
Ukuphakama okuqinisekileyo kwendlela yokuhamba kuka-Riling ngokwemigangatho kuhambelana ne-90 cm. Iiracks zihambelana nomnye umgama, okukhuselekileyo kubantwana abancinci-imbono yangaphandle yocingo lidlalwa. Indima ebalulekileyo idlalwa. Izitebhisi, njengalo naliphi na enye into yoyilo, kufuneka ibe ngumhlobiso weNdlu.
Inkqubo yokunyusa i-railing kwizinyuko ilula. Ukufakwa kocingo, iimfazwe zokhuni zisetyenziswa kwimingxunya kumanqanaba. Balaasins bamiselwe eluthulini (ekugqibeleni, imingxunya ehambelana nayo kufuneka yenziwe).
Inqanaba lokugqibela kukunyuka kwezandla. Ukwenza oku, indawo ephezulu ye-baluster kufuneka inqunyulwe yi-oblique. Isandla sifakwe ngaphezulu kwaye silungiswe ngoncedo lokuzihlaziya njengoko kubonisiwe kwifoto engezantsi.
Eyona meko iphambili kwizibonelelo zeli lizwe kukhuseleko nentuthuzelo. Zonke iimpendulo eziyimfuneko kwimibuzo malunga nolungiselelo zayo ziboniswa kwinqaku. Imizekelo iquka iimodeli zezitebhisi kwifoto, eziboniswe apha ngezantsi, unokukhetha nayiphi na inguqulelo efana nenguqulo kwaye wenze uyilo ngokuhambelana nocwangciso lwe-cottage yakho.
Ukufakwa kwezitepsi zeplanga kwi-Kosomra (ividiyo eyi-1)
Iimodeli ezifanelekileyo ze-skeircals ze-cottioges (iifoto ezingama-80)
