Ukubaluleka kwesi sihloko
Okwangoku, kwihlabathi liphela, kubandakanya ilizwe lethu, umba wokuphuhlisa kunye nokuphumeza imithombo yamandla amatsha. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba ezona zinto zibalulekileyo yioyile, igesi yendalo, amalahle, umbane. Iindawo zokugcina i-oyile kunye negesi azinamda, ngenxa yazo zonke ezi zinto ziyimfuneko ukukhangela eminye imithombo yamandla. Omnye wabo kukusetyenziswa kweephaneli ezibizwa zeSolar. Kumandla elanga, kwaziwa ixesha elide, lo ngumxholo weembambano kunye neengxoxo phakathi kweengcali. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba eli lithemba elikhulu kwikamva, abanye baqinisekile kokuchaseneyo.
Isekethe ye-solar yephaneli.
Ngoku inani elikhulu kakhulu lephulo elikhulu lityala izigidi kuphuhliso lolu shishino, kubandakanya ulwakhiwo lwezityalo zamandla elanga. Kwelinye icala, iiphaphane zelanga azifuni iindleko xa zisebenza, kodwa iindleko zezixhobo ziphezulu. Inxalenye yeengcali zengcali zivuma ukuba inzuzo evela kule projekthi ayiyi kuba nakho ukuhlawula iindleko ezinxulumene nolwakhiwo. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ezi zixhobo zinokusebenza ngeqela elineminyaka elikhulu, ke, ngentsebenziswano yexesha elide, inzuzo iya kubonakala ngokucacileyo. Ifanele iqwalaselwe ngakumbi, yintoni ukusebenza kweeseli zelanga, izinto ezizimiselayo. Kodwa okokuqala kufuneka uqhelene nomgaqo womsebenzi wabo, ezona zinto ziphambili.
Umgaqo wokusebenza kweebhetri zelanga
Iskimu sezinto zebhetri yelanga.
Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba umbane ngowona mthombo wamandla. Kodwa inokufunyanwa kwaye ibe lula. Ilanga lingumthombo wendalo wendalo onokuthi usetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwihlabathi lanamhlanje. Kwiiphaneli zesolar, eyona ndlela iphambili yomsebenzi kukuthathwa kwamandla elanga kwaye uyiguqule ibe ngumbane, kwaye emva koko ibe yi-thermal. Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi zixhobo kufumaneka kwinkqubo yokufudumeza izindlu zabucala.
Iibhetri ezinjalo zi-potollotors zivelisi zamandla ombane. Iipaneli zelanga zinendawo ye-semiconductor apho imitha yelanga ichaphazeleka khona. Ngenxa yoko, kwenziwa ngombane rhoqo, esetyenziselwa ukufudumeza.
Kumakhonkco eeseli zelanga, i-voltage ivelisiwe, esebenzayo. Esi sixhobo sibandakanya ibhetri ekwaziyo ukuqokelela amandla. Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, ukuze kunokwenzeka, imozulu enelanga iya kufuneka. Emva kokuqokelelwa kwamandla, ibhetri inokubonelela umthengi onobushushu kangangexesha elithile kwimozulu enamafu.
Inqaku lesihloko: Itekhnoloji ye-Logging yeLogging: Ukukhetha i-Watch, amanyathelo osetyenziso
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo zelanga
Kufanelekile ukwazi ukusebenza kweebhetri zelanga. Ukuthembela kwidatha yesayensi, kunokuxoxwa ukuba amandla amalunga ne-1367 w nge-1 m². Kwingingqi yeikhweyitha, ilibazisiwe yimeko yayo, ke amandla afikelela kumhlaba alingana no-1020 w.
ERussia, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane i-160 W / M² ngenyaniso yokuba ukusebenza kweeseli zelanga yi-16%.
Iskimu sebhetri yelanga.
Umzekelo, ukuba ufaka iibhetri zesolar kwindawo eyi-1 KM², emva koko kwafunyanwa umbane wombane uya kuba malunga ne-187 GW / H (1173 * 0.16).
Kwangelo xesha, i-angle yokufaka kubo ihambelana nokukhanya kwesehlo kubaluleke kakhulu, kule meko ixabiso layo lingama-40 °. Ixabiso le-1 kW lombane lilingana nee-ruble ezi-3, iindleko zofakelo lombane ziya kuba zii-ruble zezigidi ezingama-561. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezi zixhobo akuhambelani kwaye kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Eyona nto iphambili kubo kukuqina kunye nexesha lokungalungisi, elo, igqitywe yimeko yemozulu, ixesha lomhla nobusuku, oko kukuthi, indawo yokugqibela yendawo. Uhlobo lweeseli zelanga kubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kokufudumeza kwendlu yabucala
Umdla omkhulu kukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezinjalo zokufudumeza ekhaya. Umbane ngumthombo wobushushu. Izindlu ezininzi zinenkqubo yokufudumeza. Kuyimfuneko ukuba uthathele ingqalelo into yokuba ukufudumeza kwendlu yabucala ngoncedo lomthombo kuyacetyiswa ukuba ulungiselele kuphela kwimimandla kuphela enamandla aphezulu elanga. Kwimimandla esemantla apho ubusuku bophala zenye indlela. Kule meko, kuyacetyiswa ukudibanisa ukusetyenziswa kwelanga kunye nezinye iintlobo zokufudumeza, umzekelo, igesi okanye ukufudumeza kwi-oyile eqinileyo (iziko).Into kukuba ukusebenza kwempumelelo kweebhetri ezinjalo kwi-Clought iphantsi, nto leyo enokubangela ukungabikho kobushushu. Ke ngoko, ukufudumeza ngamandla elanga, iguqulwe yaba ngumbane, akucetyiswa ukuba isetyenziswe ngokwahlukeneyo kwabanye. Zisebenzise ngokupheleleyo kuphela ukugcina imali xa kunokwenzeka. Ke, kunokugqitywa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kweephaneli zesola kungakwazi ukubonelela ngokugqibeleleyo iimeko zentsholongwane egumbini, ukufudumeza indlu, ngenxa yoku, olu hlobo lwamandla luyacetyiswa ukuba lusetyenziswe kunye nezinye iintlobo zokufudumeza.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ikona igqiba ngephaneli zeplastiki
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezoqoqosho
I-Solar yeqokelelo.
Isibonelelo esibalulekileyo xa usebenzisa lo mthombo -Ubonelelo lwezoqoqosho. Ngokuthe ngqo kuxhomekeke kumandla ebhetri kunye nesikwere semifanekiso yeefotovoltaic ezibona imitha. Ukuba uthatha umzi onjalo ngomzekelo njenge moscow, emva koko unokufumana le datha inomdla ilandelayo. Ukuba umthamo wesixhobo ngu-800 W, ivumela ukuba usebenzise izixhobo zekhaya, kodwa ayizukukwazi ukuqinisekisa ukubonelelwa kombane ongaphazanyiswa ngexesha legumbi lokufudumeza.
Ngamandla esi sixhobo amaxesha ali-10 ngaphezulu, oko kukuthi, i-8 kW, iyakufudumeza indawo encinci yegumbi ekhaya kwi-Autumn kunye nexesha lasebusika. Entwasahlobo kunokwenzeka ukuba uqiniseke ngokufudumeza kuwo onke amagumbi.
Isixhobo esinokufakwa komthamo we-13,5 kw phantse sithatha indawo yombane, enokuqinisekisa ukufudumeza kwendlu kwiinyanga zonke zonyaka, ngaphandle kuka-Nkunya ngo-Disemba nangoJanuwari. Kule meko, ungashiya izixhobo ezisisiseko zokusebenza kwizinto zeSolar, kwaye ukufudumeza kuqhagamshelwe kwinkqubo ephakathi. Ke ungasindisa ngokundiphethe kakuhle. Olona jelobi lunamandla kakhulu abo banamandla angama-31.5 kw. Bayakuvumela ukuba uzishiye ngokupheleleyo iintlobo eziphambili zokubonelela ngamandla kwaye usebenzise kuphela amandla elanga unyaka wonke ixesha elide. Kodwa kukho izinto ezinjalo zibiza kakhulu, zinciphise ukusetyenziswa kwazo.
Ukungancedi kwamandla elanga
Ubume bePonel yelanga.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba umbane ufumenwe usebenzisa kuphela amandla elanga ngaphandle kokuba kufuna naluphi na utyalomali ngexesha lokusebenza, zininzi iingxaki kulo mbandela. Okokuqala, ivolumu yombane odibeneyo ixhomekeke kakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo: Imozulu, i-terminetity, iibhetri.
Okwesibini, ezo nemithombo yobushushu ingaphezulu kweyona ndlela eyongezelelweyo, umzekelo, ukufudumeza, nto leyo yokulinganisa ukusetyenziswa. Okwesithathu, ufakelo lwezixhobo ezinjalo lifanelwe yimali eninzi. Ngokukodwa, ichaphazela izityalo ezikhulu zamandla. Ixabiso leebhetri ngokwazo lingumyalelo wobungakanani obuphaphezulu kunoko iibhetri.
Kodwa eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kukunciphisa iindlela zokuvelisa ubushushu obufunyenwe kwilanga kwaye uyilondoloze ixesha elide. Ngorhatya, ukusetyenziswa kombane kuyanda, kwaye iibhetri zisebenza ikakhulu ngexesha lasemini. Izazinzulu zibalwe ukuba iindleko ze-1 w kwibhetri yi-0.5 $. Ngosuku (8 iiyure zomsebenzi), kuyakwazi ukwenza i-8 w / h, eya kuthi ifunwe ngokuhlwa. Umbane ophantsi welanga ufumana ngoku kusetyenziswa ibhetri yePolycrystalline. Inyani yokuba iindleko zamandla elanga azifanele zingadlulanga kwixabiso le-ipetroli, umzekelo, igesi. Ukuba sithatha kumzekelo wenye yeenkokheli zehlabathi kulo mbandela - iJamani-ixabiso lerhasi elikuyo lilingana ne- $ 450, emva koko indleko zelanga zamandla elanga akufuneki zibe ngaphezulu kwe-0.1 $. Ngaphandle koko, ukusetyenziswa kwale ekugqibeleni kuya kuba yinto efanelekileyo.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Ungayisebenzisa njani inqanaba loMthetho: Umyalelo
Izibonelelo zomthombo wamandla
Umbane, ke wafunyanwa, yenye into esiyisebenzisayo namhlanje. Olu hlobo loncedo lwamandla luyinto elungileyo kule mimandla kunye nezinto ezingekhoyo eminye imithombo, umzekelo, kwizikhululo ezikude.Ezo zixhobo zinokuba zibalulekile kwimimandla esemazantsi yelizwe lethu, apho kukho incopho yomsebenzi welanga. Xa usebenzisa izikhululo ezinkulu kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba banako ukusebenza iminyaka emininzi.
Ukuqukumbela, izigqibo, iingcebiso
Ngokusekwe koku ngaphambili, kunokwenzeka ukuba ugqibe kwelokuba kwihlabathi lanamhlanje kukho ukukhangela eminye imithombo yamandla. Isalathiso esithembisayo ngamandla elanga, esekwe ekusebenziseni iiphaneli zesolar. Ufakelo olusezantsi lwelanga luquka la macandelo alandelayo: Umguquli oqhelekileyo, umguquli we-DC ukuya kwenye indawo, indlela yokuthatha amandla, ibhetri yokuphuma, ibhetri kunye nesixhobo esilawula.
Ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezinjalo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kubo ngumsebenzi wamandla elanga kunye namandla ebhetri. Ezona zixhobo zibaluleke kakhulu ngamandla e-13,5 kw, enokubonelela ngentsebenzo engafakwanga kuyo yonke izixhobo. Kwimimandla esemantla yelizwe lethu, ukusetyenziswa kweebhetri akuthembi. Kucetyiswa ukuba uzisebenzise njengomthombo ongezelelweyo wombane ukugcina imali. Kucetyiswa ukuba udibanise nge-suble ephakathi (kwigesi yendalo okanye ipetroli eqinileyo). Xa kwakha izikhululo zelanga, kubalulekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo iindleko eziphezulu zezixhobo. Ukuhlawula amashumi eminyaka.