Itekhnoloji yokwakha ihlala ikhula rhoqo. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, isitena sasidume kakhulu. Ngexesha lethu, umntu okhuphisana naye uphambili yi-slagoblock. Ungayakha njani igaraji kwibhloko ye-Slag? Zingakanani izinto ezifunekayo koku? Uya kufumana iimpendulo kule mibuzo ngokufunda irekhodi ukuya esiphelweni.
Isidima sezinto
Ibhloko ye-Slag ibizwa ngokuba yibhloko yekhonkrithi, equka i-slag. Zininzi iindidi zee-slags, kodwa i-domain isetyenziselwa ukwakha izinto zokwakha. Ibonakaliswa ziimpawu eziphakamileyo kakhulu zokwakha. Kwakhona, iibhloko ezinjalo zisebenzisa iifilimu ezingabizi kakhulu, ngohlobo lwesixhenxe okanye isitena sesitena. Ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kweebhloko ze-slag kunokuphuculwa yiPolystyrene.Yinto ebalaseleyo yokuphanga kunye nezakhiwo zezindlu zelizwe. Iibhloko zineengenelo ezininzi, kwaye zinokubenza bazimisele. I-Masonry ingenziwa ngokulula ngokwabo, nokuba intsha. Ukwakhiwa kwegaraji evela kwi-Slagoblock ngezandla zawo kuyavumela ukuba igcine kakhulu, iSisile kwaye ihlaziye ubunzima bengxaki. Ngokunciphisa inani labakhi kunye noomatshini, ngaloo ndlela benza ukuba banciphise iindleko, kunye nezakhiwo ezizimeleyo sesinye isizathu sokuzingca ngomsebenzi wayo.
Kuyenzeka ukuba wakhe igaraji evela kwi-Slagoblock yeyakho, kwaye iipropathi zokufakwa kwe-irmal yezinto ezinokuphucula umgangatho wokwakhiwa. Ziphi iibhloko ze-slag? Ngamaxesha amaninzi, iigaraji, iicingo kunye nezindlu ziyakhiwa. Ezinye zeempawu zezinto ezenziweyo zenza ukuba zikwazi ukumisela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwesakhiwo olunokulunga. Zimbini iintlobo zebhloko ye-slag-i-hollow kunye ne-40 ubude. Iindonga zakhiwe kwizinto ezingcwele. Iibhloko ezigcweleyo zihlala zihlala zihleli, kwaye zisetyenziselwa ukwakha isiseko.
Ibhloko ayithandi ukuqaqamba, kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo xa isakha isiseko se-Slag. Isiseko esinjalo sinokwakhiwa kuphela kumhlaba owomileyo okanye kwindlu encinci, isakhiwo. Ukwakhiwa kwegaraji evela kwi-slagoblock kunganceda ukugcina ixesha kunye nemali. Akusoloko kuyimfuneko ukuqesha iingcali zomsebenzi, kuba uninzi lomsebenzi lunokwenziwa ngokwazo. Nangona kukho uluvo lokuba iibhlokhi ze-Slag azinakuthembeka kakhulu, enyanisweni, inyani, ikwiminyaka engama-50.
Umsebenzi wokulungiselela kunye nesiseko
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukwakhiwa kwegaraji, kuyimfuneko ukwenza umsebenzi wokulungiselela. Yintoni efunekayo kwigaraji evela kwibhloko ye-Slag ngezandla ixesha elide kwaye wayekhuselwe ngokuthembekileyo kutshintsho emhlabeni nakwimeko yemozulu engazinzanga? Eyokuqala kukuqhuba uvavanyo lwendawo yendawo.
Xa kuthelekiswa nomgama kwiindawo zamanzi, unxibelelwano, enye eyimfuneko kwindlu yezakhiwo, amanzi amdaka, kubandakanya.
Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokwakha igaraji evela kwi-Slagoblock, le projekthi yokwakhiwa kwayo kufuneka ilungiswe kwangaphambili, njengoko iprojekthi sisiseko sawo wonke umsebenzi.
Umakhi we-novice usenokungoyiki ithemba elinjalo, kuba uninzi lwabo lukholelwa ukuba indalo yeprojekthi ingumsebenzi onzima kakhulu ofuna ixesha elininzi.
Ngapha koko, zoba igaraji yegaraji evela kwibhloko ye-Slag kwiphepha elinye. Umzobo onjalo uyakwazi ukwenza lula umsebenzi. Kubalwa kwikhawuntari yomgama kunye nenani lezixhobo ziyakwazi ukwenza lula umsebenzi wakho. Naphambi kokuqala kolwakhiwo, kufanelekile ukuncipha ukuba iyeza igumbi legaraji - nokuba iyakugcinwa kuphela imoto, okanye kuya kubakho ukulungisa kuphela inqwelo, okanye kuya kubakho ukulungisa, ukugcina iimveliso kunye nezinto, zinokwenziwa phantsi kwegaraji yekarlar. Ukwenza isigqibo lo mbuzo, unokunciphisa indawo yomsebenzi wasekhaya ofunekayo wasekhaya, ukuba ulungiselele igaraji kubo kwangaphambili.
Inqaku lesihloko: Ukuxinana kwePolystrax kunye neenkcazo zayo zobugcisa
Icandelo lokwakha
Isiseko segaraji evela kwibhloko ye-Slag akufuneki ibe uqinile kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu, kuba ubunzima ngokwazo kunye noyilo lweebhloko alukhulu kakhulu. Ke, isiseko sixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Phakathi kwazo kukho ubunzulu beebhukumaki, nto leyo exhomekeke kubungakanani bomhlaba. Ubukho bamanzi aphantsi komhlaba obungaphantsi komhlaba bunokubaluleka kakhulu, indlela yokuhamba kwabo, uhlobo lomhlaba - isanti, amatye. Ukuthatha isigqibo ngezi zinto, ukufunda ukuba uninzi lwabo lulwakhiwo olusemgangathweni ophezulu, unokuqalisa umsebenzi, kodwa kuqhekezwe iindlela, ngalinye lahluke ngamanqanaba aliqela.
Okokuqala, ungqingo wokuqala ophezulu lomhlaba ususiwe. Umsele uyajika. Umsele uzaliswe yintlabathi, amatye okanye izitena ezaphukileyo kwimiqolo eliqela. Umaleko ngamnye ubhujisiwe ngodaka lwesamente. Yintoni? Ibhanti enjalo iyakwazi ukukhusela isiseko kwintshabalalo enokubangelwa ngamanzi aphantsi komhlaba. Ukubiwa kwemingxunya kwimilinganiselo engama-40 yobubanzi kunye neesentimitha ezingama-50. Ezantsi igutyungelwe ngentlabathi, igalelwe ngamanzi kwaye kufuneka ifakwe ityhubhu. Le ndlela yenza ukuba isiseko siqine kwaye somelele.
Kwakhona, ezantsi komelezwa zizixhobo ezifanelekileyo, ziyawa ukuze ulwahlulo lwendawo zazo zahlukile. Isiseko esinjalo senziwe kwaye siyamelana neentsuku ezingamashumi amathathu. Indlela yokugqibela yeyona ilula. Ibizwa ngokuba yikhonkrithi ye-boot. Kukho umsele, obeka i-straratum strata. Ngokubhekele phaya, umsele ukhuphele ngesamente. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba umgangatho wesamente kwigaraji akufuneki uwele umgca we-150 wophawu. Isamente iyashukunyiswa ngesanti, inxalenye enye yesamente ngamacandelo ayi-2,5 yesanti. Amanzi kongezwa ngaphambi kokuqala komxube oshukumayo. Ukwenzela ukuba isiseko esandul 'ukwakhiwa kwamanzi sinamanzi, siyintsimbi kwi-rabberoid. Kuyimfuneko ukwenza oku kwiisentimitha ezininzi kunendawo yokwakha. Isango lifakwe kwi-strut.
Udonga
Ukwenzela ukuba wakha iindonga, ungasebenzisi imithetho ekhethekileyo. Izitena zinokwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi - kumgangatho welitye, kwelinye icala, kwisiqingatha esinye okanye ezimbini. Amandla odonga axhomekeke koku. Udonga luyakwazi ukumelana nemimoya yomoya, iqondo lobushushu liphezulu kwaye liphantsi. Enye yezona ndlela ziqhelekileyo zokwakha iindonga zibizwa ngokuba "yi-Brick". Umqolo wokugqibela uyawa kwaye uhlukane ne-meams yangaphambili.
Okokuqala, ii-angles zisetwe, kwaye emva kokuqhwanyaza ukubekwa kweebhloko ze-slag ziyaqhubeka. Ukubekwa ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwegaraji evela kwiibhloko ze-slag akuqhelekanga ekubulaweni kwezitena. Okokuqala, ii-angles zisetwe, kufuneka zibe zizihombisi zoxande lwasekunene. Phakathi kwabo balula i-lace okanye intambo, eya kulawula inqanaba le-mandry, zombini ezithe tyaba kwaye zithe tye. Ukuba usebenzisa izixhobo zanamhlanje ze-sandry, emva koko igaraji yakho iya kuba inkulu. Iya kwahluka ngokuqina, umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko. Kwaye iibhloko kwi-slag inkulu kwezoqoqosho kunezitena eziqhelekileyo.
Inqaku ngesihloko: Sikhetha amakhethini akwiWindows: iimbono zefoto
Umgangatho watsibela
Umgangatho wakhelwe kwinqanaba lesiseko, inkqubo yomsebenzi ibandakanya ukulungiselela umphezulu. I-scred kufuneka ibe yi-decheatimeter. Umphezulu wokubeka umgangatho kufuneka ulungiswe - susa inkunkuma, ulungelelanise umphezulu, idyasi enesanti okanye i-rubble njengoko kufuneka. Iindidi ezininzi zekhonkrithi yokwakha yedwa, kwaye kubo bonke abakhethayo bokwakha umgangatho banikwa i-M200.
Ndincoma umxube we-tie yomgangatho, kwaye xa umhlaba womelele ngokwaneleyo, uya kunokwenzeka ukuba uqale. Ngokufaka umgangatho kwinqanaba lesiseko, kubalulekile ukuba unikele ingqalelo kumandla ayo. Ngapha koko, akuyi kubakho kuphela abantu kwigaraji, kodwa nemoto. Kungenxa yoko le nto ikhonkrithi iya kwenza izinto kumgangatho. Ubunzima bayo bususela kwishumi elinesibhozo ukuya kwishumi. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukulala, umhlaba ulungelelaniswe kwaye ucocwa.
I-Subbip yenziwa yintlabathi okanye iruble encinci, emva kokufundiswa komvuzo. Umphezulu womphezulu ujongiwe ngemigca. Unokusebenzisa ii-beacons kumbhobho. Ngokufaka iinxalenye zekhonkrithi, kwenziwa ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye uphakathi phakathi kweebhedi. Ikhonkrithi efakiweyo igcinwa, kwaye ke olo thuli luvele kuyo ukuhamba kwexesha, kunokwenzeka ukuba lenze inkqubo yentsimbi. Zininzi iindlela kule nkqubo, kwaye nganye yazo ijolise ekuphuculeni amandla ekhonkrithi eokuthantamisa, ayinike uhlobo onobubele kunye nokususwa kothuli lwe-Ubiquitrous.
Uphahla nesango
Ukwakhiwa kophahla kubandakanya amalungiselelo omsebenzi, kunye nokulungiswa kwemiqadi yelinye ilizwe, ekufuneka kubude begadi yegaraji nge-25 cm. Ukubekwa kweesentimitha ezingama-25. I-Brussia luphahla lokuphumla, ubukhulu bazo bufanele bube yi-40 mm, kwaye basondela omnye komnye. Ke kukho umgca wezinto ezihlahlayo ekufuneka uzibekwe omnye ngendlela ethile. I-Keramzit, i-Slag kunye nesitovu se-semid semi-rigid siwela kwi-scred kwiisentimitha ezingama-20. Uphahla lugutyungelwe ngu-Aquaizole kunye ne-ruble.
Ukwakha i-Overlap kunokubiza imali engabizi kakhulu. Imimandla yentsimbi kwaye ibhodi yebhodi ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo kule nto. Ngokufaka i-overlap egameni, kufuneka ithunyelwe. Kweli nqanaba, ukufudumeza kwe-slag kwenziwa, iindleko zebala elincinci.
Uphahla kufuneka lwenze ngaphambili nangasemva. Iya kukhusela iindonga zamanzi.
Ubude bezo midlalo zinokuba ziisentimitha ezingamashumi amane. Kumaleko we-slag, egutyungelwe ngaphezulu kweqhutywa, kwenziwa isidanga sesamente. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyifezekisa kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Uphahla olunjalo aluyi kuthambisa umswakama, ukuvuza, kodwa koku kufuneka uyigubungele ngepropathi yamanzi. Naziphi na iintlobo zerabhuli zinokunceda ukwenza uphahla lwemisebenzi yabo isebenza kakhulu. Inyibilikisiwe kwi-rubberoid okanye i-mastic, kwaye ngaphambi kokuqhubekiswa kwesamente ihlaselwe nge-bitumer primer, okanye "primur".
Inqaku lesihloko: Ulungiselelo olujikeleze umthi: I-Bench, ebhentshini, itafile kunye neGazebo
Ubunjineli benethiwekhi
Abo baqhubi beenqwelo moya abangakhange baphinde bahlangane kakhulu kwigaraji yegaraji, bakholelwa ukuba ukugqitywa oko kuyafuneka kuphela ukuze indawo ibe yindawo yokubanzi, epholileyo okanye iqaqambile okanye ikhanya. Nangona kunjalo, enyanisweni, umhombiso wangaphakathi uyasebenza kakhulu. Izinto zokwakha ezisetyenziswa ngabakhi abanamava zinokufumana ubumdaka kunye nevumba. Azichaphazelekanga yi-chemistry, ukufuma, ubushushu, musa ukutshisa. Zininzi iindlela zokugqibela, kodwa okwangoku kubalulekile ukuba zicinge malunga nendlela eya kuqhutywa ngayo iinethiwekhi zobunjineli egumbini.
Unxibelelwano olunjalo yindibaniselwano yezixhobo kunye nonxibelelwano oluya kubonelela ngegaraji kunye nobushushu, uqhagamshelo, umbane kunye nokuntywila. Sisiqwenga esikhokelayo seenethiwekhi eziqwalaselweyo. Kuyalula ukuyisebenzisa ukuze iqhagamshele kwinkqubo ephakathi. Ukuba oku akunakwenzeka, iqula, okanye isetyenziswe kakuhle. Ukukhanya kunye nokuhambisa amandla kubaluleke kakhulu - akukho gaage ayinakufakwa ngaphandle kokukhanya kunye nombane. I-wiring kufuneka icwangciswe kwangaphambili, emva kokuba ifakiwe, ungaqala ukugqiba, ngaphandle koloyike kwinto oyiphosileyo okanye ndiyilibale into.
Ukufudumeza kunye nokungena komoya kubaluleke kakhulu- baqinisekisa intuthuzelo kunye nokufanelekileyo indawo yokuhlala, zombini endlwini nakwigaraji. Eyona ilula inokuba yinkqubo yendalo yokufihlakeleyo. Iinethiwekhi zeNjineli ezilula zinokwenziwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umsebenzi uguquka kakhulu, umthombo we-wiring udiruzwa okanye kude, kunye nokwakhiwa kwe-wibage-project, iprojekthi ye-PCIP, kubalwa kunye neengcali.
Gqiba
Ukugqitywa kusoloko kusebenza njengenqanaba lokugqibela lomsebenzi wokwakha. I-trim yegaraji evela kwibhloko ye-Slag ayifuni ukuba nezakhono ezizodwa, izakhono okanye uhlobo lwesenzo ukuze senze i-trim elungileyo kwaye intle kakhulu. I-lining kunye nokuhonjiswa kweendonga, ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwegumbi, kungahluka. Ukuba kukho umnqweno, iindonga zinokubekwa phantsi, zimhlophe, zisuse isamente okanye zigutyungelwe ngebhodi. Igumbi litshixiwe nge-fiberglass okanye igwebu.
Ukusuka ekrwada, igaraji yakho inokukhuselwa yifilimu okanye enye indlela - koku unokwenza umqukuva ophumayo. Ukwakhiwa kwegaraji evela kwi-Slagoblock kunokubizwa ngokuba luluvo oluhle kakhulu, ukwakhiwa okunjalo akuthethiwe kwigaraji ye-Brick ekhutshwe kwifashoni. Lo mbandela wamkelekile kwaye unyamezele imithwalo ephezulu. Umgangatho weebhloko ukuvumela ukuba usebenzise igaraji ixesha elide. Ilo loyilo luphawulwe ngokuqina kunye nokhuseleko. Ukuba ukhetha ngokuchanekileyo i-Games Glout, Khetha umxholo kwaye uyifake, emva koko umhombiso wangaphakathi nangaphandle kwegumbi unokwenza igaraji yakho ikhululeke, ipholile kwaye intle.
Ividiyo "Yintoni ibhloko ye-slag"
Kwingxelo erekhodiyo umntu uthetha malunga nezinto ezilungileyo kunye nezixhobo zezinto zokwakha.