Ukufumana ipetroli kwigesi yendalo
Inkcazo ngokubanzi:
Ulwelo olufunyenwe yile nkcazo yi-methanol (i-methyl yotywala). I-Methanol kwifom ecocekileyo isetyenziswa njengesinyibilikisi kunye ne-Octane ye-Octane ye-Enjini e-Enjini, kunye ne-octane ephezulu (i-octane yi-150) ipetroli. Le yi-petroli efanayo, egcwalisa iitanki zezithuthuthu kunye neemoto. Njengoko izifundo zasemzini zibonisiwe, i-injini isebenza kwi-methanol, isebenza amaxesha amade kunexesha lokusebenzisa i-autobanyanyanya, amandla ayo anyuka nge-20% (nge-injini engapheliyo). Ukupheliswa kwe-injini esebenza kule ntloko isebenza kolu nxeba inobuhlobo ngokusingqongileyo kwaye xa ijonga kwityhefu, izinto eziyingozi azikho.
Isixhobo esincinci esincinci sokufumana le fesi inde kulula ukuveliswa, ayifuni ulwazi olukhethekileyo kunye neenxalenye ezinqabileyo, inkathazo isebenza. Imveliso yayo ixhomekeke kwizizathu ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya imilinganiselo. Esi sixhobo, iskimu kunye nenkcazo yendibano esizisithela kuyo, i-7: 75mm inika iilitha ezintathu ze-20 kg, kwaye ubunzima buba malunga ne-20 cm ukuphakama , 50 cm ubude ne-30 cm ububanzi.
Ingqwalaselo: I-Methanol yityhefu eyomeleleyo. Lulwalo olungenamibala olunemibala enamanqaku okubila angama-65 ° C, inephunga elifana nephunga eliqhelekileyo lokusela, kwaye lidityaniswe kuzo zonke iintlonipho ngamanzi kunye nolwelo oluninzi olusebenzayo kunye nolwelo oluninzi olusebenzayo. Khumbula ukuba iintyatyambo ezingama-30 zokunxila i-metanol ibulala!
Umgaqo wokusebenza kunye nomsebenzi wesixhobo:
Amanzi empompo aqhagamshelwe "kwigalelo lamanzi" (15) kwaye, edlula ngakumbi, ahlulwe waba yimijelo emibini: i-14) kunye nomngxunya (1), kunye ne Ukuhamba kwezinye ukuhamba kwi-crane (4) kunye nomngxunya (g) ukuya kwifriji (3), ukudlula kwamanzi, ukupholisa irhasi ye-synthesi kunye ne-projesi (s).
Inqaku ngesihloko: Ungayigubungela njani i-sofa kanye?
Irhasi yendalo yendalo iqhagamshela kwi "Gaza Inlet" (16). Okulandelayo, irhasi ibandakanyiwe kumxube (1) ngomngxunya (b), apho, ekuxelweni kwawo amanzi, i-12) kwiqondo eliyi-100 ukuya kwi-120 ° C. Emva koko, kumxube (1) ngomngxunya (d), umxube oshushu wegesi kunye ne-vapor yegesi kunye ne-vapor ingena emngxunyeni (2). I-Reactor (2) izaliswe yi-Tetalyst No. 1, equka i-25% ye-Nickel kunye ne-Aluminiyam (ngohlobo lweetshipsi okanye iingqolowa, i-Gial ye-Gial-16). Ireferensi isekwe kwi-synthesis yerhasi ephantsi kwefuthe lobushushu ukusuka kwi-500 ° C kwaye ngaphezulu, ifunyenwe ngokufudumeza i-burner (13). Emva koko, igesi ye-synthesi eshushu ingena emngxunyeni (e) kwifriji (e) kwifriji (e) kwifriji, apho kufuneka ipholile kwiqondo lobushushu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-40 ° C okanye esezantsi. Emva koko igesi ye-Synthesis ye-Synthesing ngokusebenzisa i-Hole (s) iphuma kwi-iriverator kwaye ngokusebenzisa umngxunya (m) ingena kwi-compressor (5), enokusetyenziswa yingcali yelindle. Okulandelayo, igesi equbisana nerhasi ye-5-50 ngomngxunya (H) ivela kwi-compressor kwaye ihamba nomngxunya (o) ingena kwi-Reactor (6). I-Reactor (6) izaliswe ngu-Tetalyst No. 2, equlathe ii-chips 80% ye-chips kunye ne-20% ye-zulc (i-winc) yenkampani i i-ICI, i-rand eRussia Snm-1). Kule ncwadi, eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwizixhobo, iipetroli ze-synthesine zenziwe. Iqondo lobushushu kwindawo yokuphendula akufuneki lingadlulanga abangama-270 ° C, elinokubekwa esweni yi-thermometer (7) kwaye ihlengahlengise i-crane (4). Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukugcina ubushushu kuluhlu lwama-200 ukuya kwe-2,50 ° C, nangasezantsi. Emva koko izibini zerhasi ye-petroli kunye negesi engaphendulwanga ngokusebenzisa umngxunya (p) yongezwa kwi-Reactor (6) kwaye ngokusebenzisa umngxunya (i) zibandakanyiwe kwifriji (i) i-petroli incitshisiwe kwaye ihamba ngomngxunya ( K) uphume kwifriji. Ngaphaya koko, irhasi ye-pronthesing kunye nokungaphenduli ifakwe kumngxunya (y) kwi-capacit (8), apho i-Dageline iqokelele khona, ephuma khona kwi-condenser nge-hole (P) nayo nayiphi na isitya.
Inqaku lesihloko: Iingcango zangaphakathi nePatina kwi-pina kwi-pina yanamhlanje
Umngxunya (t) kwi-condenser (8) isetyenziselwa ukufaka igeji yoxinzelelo (10), ekufuneka ifuneke ukulawula uxinzelelo kwi-condenser. Igcinwa ngaphakathi kwe-5 ukuya kwi-ATMOSPHERSS okanye ngaphezulu kwe-crane (11) kunye nenxalenye ye-Crane (9). Umngxunya (x) kwaye i-crane (11) iyimfuneko ukuphuma kwe-capacitor engasabelanga igesi, eya kuphinda isetyenziselwe ukuphinda iphinde ibuyele kumxube (1) ngomngxunya (a). I-crane (9) ihlengahlengiswa ukuze i-stereline icocekile ipetroli ngaphandle kwegesi iphumile. Kuya kuba ngcono ukuba inqanaba le-petroli kwi-covensensern liyonyusa kunokuncipha. Kodwa eyona meko ilungileyo xa inqanaba le-petroli lisisigxina (elinokubekwa esweni yiglasi eyakhiwe okanye nayiphi na enye indlela). I-crane (14) ihlengahlengiswa ukuze i-petroli ingekho / amanzi / kwaye kumxube wesibini olwenziwe ngcono kune-50.
Ukuqala isixhobo:
Vula ukufikelela ngegesi, amanzi (14) ngelixa ivaliwe, i-Rutter (12), (13) Sebenza. I-crane (4) ivulekile ngokupheleleyo, i-compressor (5) ivuliwe, i-crane (9) ivaliwe, i-crane (11) ivulekile.
Emva koko, i-crane (14) yokufikelela kwamanzi, kunye ne-knop (11) yohlengahlengiswa onqwenelekayo kwi-condenser, ukulilawula kwi-gauge yoxinzelelo (10). Kodwa akukho kwimeko awayivaliyo i-crane (11) ngokupheleleyo !!! Ngapha koko, emva kwemizuzu emihlanu, ivalve (14) ihlengahlengiswa kwi-Reactor (6) ukuya kwi-200 ukuya kwengama-2000 ° C. Emva koko vula kancinci i-cray (9), apho ijezi ye-gat ye-petroli kufuneka ihambe khona. Ukuba iya kuhamba rhoqo-sivula i-cray ngaphezulu ukuba ipetroli iya kumxube wegesi-sivula i-crane (14). Ngokubanzi, kunokusebenza okukhulu, cwangcisa isixhobo, ngcono. Umxholo wamanzi kwiTestiline (Methanol) Ungajonga nge-shollometer. Ukuxinana kwe-methanol yi-793 kg / m3.
Esi sixhobo sinqweneleka ukwenza intsimbi okanye isinyithi. Onke amalungu enziwe ngemibhobho, iityhubhu zobhedu zingasetyenziswa njengombhobho wokudibanisa oxhumayo. Kwifriji, kuyimfuneko ukugcina i-X: y = Umyinge we-4, oko kukuthi, umzekelo, ukuba [x kufuneka ibe yi-240 mm, kunye ne-60 mm. I-240/60 = 4. Okukhona ijikajika elihambelanayo kwifriji ngesandla esinye, engcono. Zonke zifakwe kwi-crued yegesi. Endaweni ye-krices (9) no (11), ungasebenzisa i-valves yokunciphisa ukusuka kwiisilinda zerhasi zasekhaya okanye iityhubhu ze-capillary kwiifriji zasekhaya. Umxube (1) kunye ne-Reactor (2) ishushu kwisikhundla esithe tyaba (jonga umzobo).
Inqaku lesihloko: Isiseko esivela kwimibhobho yeplastiki phantsi kweveranda ngezandla zabo
